A comparative study of the multiplicity of mammalian esterases.
Abstract: Multiple forms of soluble esterase activity have been resolved in horse, sheep, ox and possum tissue extracts and sera. 2. By comparing esterase zymograms from different tissues and from different species, it is apparent that the distribution and multiplicity of esterase activity is tissue and species specific. 3. By means of substrate and inhibitor studies, the esterase multiple forms have been characterized into four main classes : carboxylesterases, arylesterases, acetylesterases, and cholinesterases. Each of these can be considered as an isoenzymic group. 4. Evidence is presented for further differentiation of activity within these isoenzymic divisions giving 2 groups of arylesterases, 3 groups of cholinesterases, and 5 groups of carboxylesterases.
Publication Date: 1968-01-08 PubMed ID: 5689113DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(68)90169-1Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This study compares the varying forms of esterase activity found in different mammals and their tissues. Esterases are divided into four main classes and the research provides evidence for further subdivision within these classes.
Research Overview
This research involved a comparison study of the multiplicity – the existence of multiple forms – of mammalian esterases. Esterases are enzymes that split esters (organic compounds) into an acid and an alcohol in presence of water, playing a vital role in the body’s metabolism. The study examined esterase activities found in the tissue extracts and sera of horses, sheep, oxen and possums.
Tissue and Species Specificity
- The researchers found that the distribution and multiplicity of esterase activities varied across different tissues and species, demonstrating that esterase activity is tissue and species specific.
- Zymograms, which are diagrams depicting enzyme activity, from different tissues and species were compared. This confirmed the findings of the tissue and species specificity of esterase activity.
Esterase Classes
- Following substrate and inhibitor studies, the research characterized the multiple forms of esterase into four main classes: carboxylesterases, arylesterases, acetylesterases, and cholinesterases.
- These classes can be considered as isoenzymic groups, i.e., groups of enzymes that differ in sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction.
Further Differentiation of Esterase Activities
- The study also found evidence to support further differentiation of esterase activity within the identified isoenzymic groups.
- More specifically, the findings suggested subdivisions into: 2 groups of arylesterases, 3 groups of cholinesterases, and 5 groups of carboxylesterases.
In summary, this research has revealed the complex nature of esterase activity in mammalian tissues and the potential for variations not only across species and tissues, but also within individual enzyme classes. This detailed decomposition of esterase activities provides a foundation for future studies into their specific roles and behavior in mammalian metabolism.
Cite This Article
APA
Holmes RS, Masters CJ.
(1968).
A comparative study of the multiplicity of mammalian esterases.
Biochim Biophys Acta, 151(1), 147-158.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2744(68)90169-1 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Acrylic Resins
- Animals
- Cattle
- Cholinesterases
- Electrophoresis
- Esterases / blood
- Esterases / classification
- Horses
- Intestines / enzymology
- Liver / enzymology
- Opossums
- Sheep
- Species Specificity
- Spectrophotometry
- Time Factors
Citations
This article has been cited 10 times.- Xie G, Wong CC, Cheng KW, Huang L, Constantinides PP, Rigas B. In vitro and in vivo metabolic studies of phospho-aspirin (MDC-22).. Pharm Res 2012 Dec;29(12):3292-301.
- Van Beneden RJ, Cashon RE, Powers DA. Biochemical genetics of Fundulus heteroclitus (L.). III. Inheritance of isocitrate dehydrogenase (Idh-A and Idh-B), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-Pgdh-A), and serum esterase (Est-S) polymorphisms.. Biochem Genet 1981 Aug;19(7-8):701-14.
- Martin AD, Blunden CA, Fletcher MR, Fletcher WJ, Stanley PI, Westlake GE. Electrophoretic profiles of esterases in starling (Sturnus vulgaris) plasma: an apparent simple genetic variant.. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1983 Mar;30(3):373-7.
- Luppa H, Andrä J. The histochemistry of carboxylester hydrolases: problems and possibilities.. Histochem J 1983 Feb;15(2):111-37.
- Holmes RS, Whitt GS. Developmental genetics of the esterase isozymes of Fundulus heteroclitus.. Biochem Genet 1970 Aug;4(4):471-80.
- Hopwood D. Ox adrenal esterases: their isoenzymes and subcellular localisation.. Histochemie 1970;22(3):211-8.
- Hopwood D. Esterases of the ox adrenal: their histochemical and biochemical distribution.. Histochemie 1970;22(3):198-210.
- Yoshimura Y, Morishita M, Mori M, Kawakatsu K. Zymograms and histochemistry of non-specific esterase in the salivary glands.. Histochemie 1969;18(4):302-13.
- Yoshimura Y, Mori M. Isoenzymes and histochemistry of non-specific esterases in normal and cancerous skin.. Histochem J 1970 Jul;2(4):275-88.
- Deimling OV, Böcking A. Esterases in histochemistry and ultrahistochemistry.. Histochem J 1976 May;8(3):215-22.
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