Search 63,200 equine research studies and published journal articles.
Influence of the Vertek aiming device on the surgical accuracy of computer-assisted drilling of the equine distal sesamoid bone-An experimental cadaveric study.
Veterinary surgery : VS    October 24, 2024   doi: 10.1111/vsu.14176
de Preux M, Precht C, Travaglini AT, Propadalo LM, Farra D, Vidondo B, Easley JT, Koch C.To determine the effect of the Vertek aiming device (VAD) on the surgical accuracy of navigated drilling of the distal sesamoid bone (DSB). Methods: Experimental cadaveric study. Methods: A total of 30 paired equine cadaveric limbs from 15 horses. Methods: Each specimen was placed in a purpose-built frame (PBF). Preoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were acquired with an imaging unit coupled with a surgical navigation system. In the DSB of each specimen, a 4.5 mm glide hole and a 3.2 mm thread hole were drilled under navigation guidance, to simulate drilling for the repa...
A systematic review of the prevalence of post-operative complications after general anaesthesia in adult horses (2000-2023).
Equine veterinary journal    October 24, 2024   doi: 10.1111/evj.14416
Loomes K, de Grauw J, Gozalo-Marcilla M, Redondo JI, Bettschart-Wolfensberger R.Equine post-operative morbidity represents a significant concern for both veterinary surgeons and horse owners. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of post-operative complications in horses after elective/non-abdominal surgery or colic surgery. Methods: Systematic review. Methods: A database search identified eligible studies which reported the prevalence of equine post-operative complications published as a full paper in English in a peer-reviewed journal between 2000 and 2023. Studies were evaluated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Studies and GRADE (Grading of Rec...
Advancing equine genomics: the development of a high density Axiom_Ashwa SNP chip for Indian horses and ponies.
Functional & integrative genomics    October 23, 2024   Volume 24, Issue 6 195 doi: 10.1007/s10142-024-01482-0
Ahlawat S, Niranjan SK, Arora R, Vijh RK, Kumar A, Sharma U, Raheja M, Popli K, Yadav S, Mehta SC.The unique horse and pony breeds of India are declining at an alarming rate. These horses have been integral to the Indian culture and customs for centuries and represent a valuable genetic resource. It is imperative to harness the potential of this equine genetic resource that urgently needs conservation. The study highlights the design and development of a high density SNP array, the Axiom_Ashwa to aid in the genetic analysis and conservation efforts for Indian horse and pony breeds. With 613,950 SNPs, this chip offers extensive genome coverage having an average inter-marker distance of 4 k...
Treatment of equine keratomycosis, part 1: selection of appropriate therapy based on clinical presentation and diagnostic testing improves clinical outcomes.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association    October 23, 2024   1-11 doi: 10.2460/javma.24.06.0431
Smith HL, Love KR, Antezana A, Barr EM, Gilger BC, Oh A.To determine clinical outcome, treatment costs, and hospitalization duration in horses treated for keratomycosis and identify ophthalmic examination and diagnostic results associated with these outcomes. Methods: This was a retrospective study of 126 equine keratomycosis cases between 2004 and 2020 with fungal infection confirmed on cytology, culture, and/or histopathology and a minimum of 1-month follow-up. Details of the ophthalmic examination, diagnostic test results, and treatment and cost outcomes were recorded. Outcomes of interest were analyzed by treatment type. The relationship of pat...
Exploring horses’ (Equus caballus) gaze and asymmetric ear position in relation to human attentional cues.
Animal cognition    October 22, 2024   Volume 27, Issue 1 67 doi: 10.1007/s10071-024-01909-y
Barrera G, Albiach-Serrano A, Guillu00e9n-Salazar F.Studies have shown that horses are sensitive to human attentional cues. Also, there is some evidence that they might be able to infer the knowledge state of a human and communicate intentionally with us. However, this ability is not fully characterized and certain behaviors, like gaze, asymmetric ears position or vocalizations, which could work as attention-getting behaviors, have been scarcely studied in this context. The aim of the present study was to assess whether horses' gaze toward a person, asymmetric ears position and vocalizations are subject to audience effects and adjust to human a...
Correction: Genetic diversity and signatures of selection in Icelandic horses and Exmoor ponies.
BMC genomics    October 22, 2024   Volume 25, Issue 1 988 doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-10908-9
Siguru00f0ardu00f3ttir H, Ablondi M, Kristjansson T, Lindgren G, Eriksson S.No abstract available
Effect of furosemide on comprehensive renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity of Thoroughbred horses.
Journal of veterinary internal medicine    October 22, 2024   doi: 10.1111/jvim.17208
Lehman ML, Domenig O, Ames MK, Morgan JM.Furosemide, a commonly used diuretic, activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in other species. Little is known about RAAS peptide activation in horses. Objective: To evaluate equilibrium analysis as a practical method for RAAS quantification in horses and describe the RAAS response to a single dose of furosemide. We hypothesize that furosemide would cause transient increase in RAAS peptides in horses. Methods: 14 healthy adult thoroughbreds from a university teaching herd. Methods: Horses received either furosemide (1 mg/kg IV) or saline IV in a crossover study design. Pro...
In vitro antimicrobial activity of non-traditional therapies for infectious endometritis in mares.
Equine veterinary journal    October 21, 2024   doi: 10.1111/evj.14423
Mazzuchini MP, Lisboa FP, de Castro JI, Alvarenga MA, Segabinazzi LGTM, Canisso IF.Endometritis is the leading cause of subfertility in horses, and it is a clinical problem where historically antibiotics have not always been used with prudent justification. Because of this, alternative therapies to treat endometritis are necessary for the rational use of antibiotics. Objective: To assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity of non-traditional therapies commonly used in clinical practice against microorganisms causing infectious endometritis in mares. Methods: In vitro experiments. Methods: A microdilution technique was performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrati...
Genetic Factors of Equine Osteochondrosis and Fetlock Osteochondral Fragments: A Scoping Review – Part 2.
Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)    October 21, 2024   106258 doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106258
Van Mol B, Janssens S, Oosterlinck M, Pille F, Buys N.Equine osteochondrosis and osteochondral fragments in the fetlock joint are linked to various environmental and genetic risk factors. To assess the scope of the literature linking these risk factors to the development of these osteochondral disorders, while identifying knowledge gaps and challenges to guide future research, a scoping review was performed. This article constitutes the second part of this scoping review and focuses on genetic factors, with the first part addressing environmental factors. To identify potentially relevant papers, online bibliographical databases PubMed and Web of ...
Urinary incontinence and sabulous cystitis in mares: report of five cases.
Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine    October 21, 2024   Volume 46 e005024 doi: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm005024
de Melo UP, Ferreira C.This report describes five cases of urinary incontinence in Quarter Horse mares associated with the development of sabulous cystitis. The animals in this study had a history of persistent urinary incontinence for eight months, with clinical signs of continuous dribbling urine during rest and movement. The initial treatment with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs was ineffective. Clinical examination revealed severe scalding in the perineal region and on the medial aspect of the hind limbs, along with neurological signs such as ataxia, hind limb paresis, and diminished perineal reflexes. T...
Osseous pathologic changes in the thoracic region of the equine vertebral column: A descriptive post-mortem study in three breeds.
Equine veterinary journal    October 21, 2024   doi: 10.1111/evj.14429
Spoormakers TJP, Veraa S, Graat EAM, van Weeren PR, Brommer H.Data on equine thoracic pathology hardly exist in breeds other than Thoroughbreds. Objective: To describe pathological changes of the osseous thoracic vertebral column in Warmblood horses, Shetland ponies and Konik horses, and to compare prevalence and severity. Methods: Descriptive post-mortem study. Methods: Computed tomography was used to examine the thoracic vertebral column of 34 Warmblood horses, 28 Shetland ponies, and 18 Konik horses. Osteoarthritis (OA), periarticular osteolysis, osseous cyst-like lesions and fragments of articular processes (APJs), costovertebral and costotransverse ...
Lesion size index-guided radiofrequency catheter ablation using an impedance-based three-dimensional mapping system to treat sustained atrial tachycardia in a horse.
Equine veterinary journal    October 21, 2024   doi: 10.1111/evj.14424
Buschmann E, Van Steenkiste G, Vernemmen I, Demeyere M, Schauvliege S, Decloedt A, van Loon G.Sustained atrial tachycardia at an atrial rate of 191/min on the surface ECG was detected in a 6-year-old Warmblood mare. The vectorcardiogram obtained from a 12-lead ECG suggested a caudo-dorsal right atrial origin of the arrhythmia. Impedance-based three-dimensional electro-anatomical mapping, using the EnSite™ Precision Cardiac Mapping System revealed a clockwise macro-reentry around a line of conduction block in the caudomedial right atrium. Ten radiofrequency applications were applied to isolate the caudal vena cava myocardial sleeves at a power of 35 W and mean contact force of 14 ...
Computed tomography of the equine caudal spine and pelvis. Pathological findings in 56 clinical cases (2018-2023).
Equine veterinary journal    October 20, 2024   doi: 10.1111/evj.14426
Ogden NKE, Winderickx K, Stack JD.Computed tomography (CT) of the axial skeleton is increasing across many equine hospitals. CT of the pelvis and caudal spine in a large group of clinical cases has not been reported previously. Objective: To describe the pathological lesions identified in the caudal spine/pelvis in horses and ponies undergoing CT spine of this region. Methods: A retrospective case series. Methods: Horses with CT imaging of the caudal spine/pelvis were included. Horses aged under 6 months and those with CT examinations performed post-mortem were excluded. Results: Fifty-six horses met the inclusion criteria. ...
Working horse welfare in Senegal is linked to owner’s socioeconomic status, their attitudes and belief in horse sentience.
PloS one    October 18, 2024   Volume 19, Issue 10 e0309149 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309149
Seck M, Carder G, Wathan J, Randau M, Fletcher K, Proops L.The role that working equids play in both rural and urban communities in low and middle-income countries is invaluable. They contribute to daily tasks such as carrying food, water and people, support income generation, and are of social and cultural importance. Despite their importance, global standards of working equid welfare are low. Many variables can impact the welfare status of animals under human care, but often specific factors are explored in isolation. Factors can include, but are not limited to an owner's socioeconomic status and their attitudes and beliefs towards animals. In this ...
Exposure to respirable silica contributes to lower airway inflammation in asthmatic horses.
Journal of veterinary internal medicine    October 17, 2024   doi: 10.1111/jvim.17160
Respirable mineral particles can induce lower airway inflammation, but the role they play in asthma of horses is unknown. Objective: Respirable mineral particles, particularly respirable silica, are an overlooked determinant of chronic lung inflammation (asthma) in horses. Methods: Twenty-three horses from an equine hospital population: 11 moderately affected (MEA), 7 severely asthmatic (SEA), and 5 control horses free from respiratory clinical signs. Methods: Prospective observational study. The quantity and quality of mineral particles found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were charac...
Rein tensions and behaviour with five rein types in international-level vaulting horses.
PloS one    October 17, 2024   Volume 19, Issue 10 e0311919 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311919
Biau S, Pycik E, Boichot L, Berg LC, Ruet A.Health and performance of vaulting horses cantering with reins might be affected by rein tensions. The primary aim of this present study was to measure rein and lunge line tensions in international-level vaulting horses with several types of reins adjusted in accordance with the requirements of the FEI Vaulting Rules and study the effect of reins types on it. The secondary aim was to evaluate behavioural signs of discomfort under the same conditions and study the effect of reins types on it. The relationship between tensions and behavioural signs of discomfort was then explored. Thirty-nine in...
Epidemiological investigation of equine rotavirus B outbreaks in horses in central Kentucky.
Veterinary microbiology    October 16, 2024   Volume 298 110278 doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110278
Sreenivasan CC, Naveed A, Uprety T, Soni S, Jacob O, Adam E, Wang D, Li F.Using metagenomic sequencing we identified equine rotavirus group B (ERVB) of ruminant origin in foal diarrhea outbreaks in the 2021 foaling season. To further investigate ERVB occurrence and determine its environmental stability, we collected mare and foal fecal samples from different farms in Central Kentucky during the 2022 foaling season. The RT-qPCR-based analyses showed that ERVB genome was detected in 16.67 % (42/252) of surveyed mare samples and 26.56 % (34/128) of foal samples. Furthermore, 94.12 % (16/17) of collected soil samples and 100 % (13/13) of water samples obtained f...
Ex vivo comparison of full-thickness biopsy techniques in the equine small intestine.
Veterinary surgery : VS    October 15, 2024   doi: 10.1111/vsu.14178
Verhaar N, Hammer E, Reineking W, Hewicker-Trautwein M, Geburek F.To compare the practicability and tissue sample quality between different intestinal biopsy techniques. Methods: Experimental, randomized ex vivo study. Methods: Small intestine of nine horses. Methods: Four different biopsy techniques were evaluated in the aboral jejunum and the ileum within 1 h after euthanasia. One segment was used as control (C), and the applied techniques included an 8 mm biopsy punch (BP), transverse wedge resection (TW), longitudinal wedge resection with transverse closure (LW) and a longitudinal sample using Eppendorfer biopsy forceps (EF). Defects were closed using ...
Physiological responses and agreement between two traditional lunging protocols for physical fitness training in untrained ponies.
Journal of equine veterinary science    October 15, 2024   Volume 143 105207 doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105207
Huangsaksri O, Wonghanchao T, Sanigavatee K, Poochipakorn C, Sukhong P, Chanda M.Lunging is a training technique commonly performed in a round pen or on a lunge line. This study investigated the effort intensity, autonomic responses, and method agreement in applying different lunging protocols to untrained ponies. Sixteen untrained ponies (aged 13.6 ± 6.3 years and weighing 358 ± 47.4 kg) were studied. Each pony underwent the same research-focused lunging program on a lunge line and, subsequently, in a round pen with a two-day interval between sessions. The heart rate variability (HRV) and effort intensity, indicated as a percentage of maximum heart rate (%HRmax), were d...
Prolonged incubation of frozen-thawed equine spermatozoa for in vitro fertilization: A preliminary study using low temperature and INRA96 medium.
Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene    October 14, 2024   Volume 59 Suppl 3 e14593 doi: 10.1111/rda.14593
Luis-Calero M, Muu00f1oz-Garcu00eda CC, Fernu00e1ndez-Hernu00e1ndez P, Macu00edas-Garcu00eda B, Gonzu00e1lez-Fernu00e1ndez L.A protocol for conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) in horses using fresh semen has been described, using a prolonged incubation in FERT-TALP medium (22 h) at 38.2°C in the presence of penicillamine, hypotaurine and epinephrine (PHE). Our work aimed to develop a protocol that maintains quality parameters in frozen-thawed equine spermatozoa incubated for 22 h in the presence of PHE using different media (FERT-TALP and INRA96) and incubation temperatures (30 and 38.2°C). Twelve frozen ejaculates from four stallions were thawed and then incubated in either FERT-TALP or INRA96 with PHE...
A new hormonal protocol supports early development of in vitro-produced embryos after transfer to anoestrus mares.
Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene    October 14, 2024   Volume 59 Suppl 3 e14622 doi: 10.1111/rda.14622
Muu00f1oz-Garcu00eda CC, Luis-Calero M, Fernu00e1ndez-Hernu00e1ndez P, Pizarro-Hernu00e1ndez A, Fernu00e1ndez-Gonzu00e1lez R....The present study aimed to evaluate whether primed anoestrus mares are suitable recipients for embryos produced by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Anoestrus was confirmed in four mares and daily doses of oestradiol benzoate (6 mg in total) over 5 days were administered; after 3 days of rest, oral altrenogest was administered at 0.088 mg/kg and embryos (1 to 5 embryos per mare; 15 in total) were transferred 3.5 days after progesterone onset. Uterine lavage was conducted 48 h after transfer. The results revealed an 80% embryo recovery rate, and among the retrieved embryos, 6...
TLR-2 and TLR-4 mRNA expression in different grades of histopathological lesions of equine endometrium from follicular phase.
Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene    October 14, 2024   Volume 59 Suppl 3 e14657 doi: 10.1111/rda.14657
Cerveira-Pinto M, Wu00f3jtowicz A, Pires MA, Kordowitzki P, Skarzynski D, Ferreira-Dias G, Szu00f3stek-Mioduchowska A, Amaral A.Increased synthesis and deposition of collagen (COL) in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of equine endometrium contributes to endometrosis. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane receptors involved in the innate immune response, recognized for their role in antigen recognition and previously associated with equine endometritis. The TLRs not only recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns but also regulate inflammations, fibrosis and cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between TLR expression at different stages of Kenney and Doig's (K-D) grading and COL1 exp...
Development of an equine endometrial histology scoring system to complement the Kenney-Doig scale.
Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene    October 14, 2024   Volume 59 Suppl 3 e14614 doi: 10.1111/rda.14614
Martu00ednez-Bartolomu00e9 I, Masot J, Serres C.Kenney-Doig scale is considered the international standard method for classifying uterine biopsies in mares; however, its objectivity has been questioned by various studies. In the present study, we analysed the degree of agreement between two pathologists when assessing the same set of 201 uterine biopsies, obtaining a slight to moderate level of agreement (κ = .34/κ = .57). Subsequently, we developed a numerical scale based on the evaluation of histological parameters, including inflammation, fibrosis, glandular density and lymphatic lacunae. Partial scores were summed to obtain a ...
Deworming programs for horses in the United States: past, present, and future.
Animal frontiers : the review magazine of animal agriculture    October 14, 2024   Volume 14, Issue 5 32-34 doi: 10.1093/af/vfae018
Turner JL.No abstract available
Interleukin 31 mediates pruritus in horses.
American journal of veterinary research    October 14, 2024   1-11 doi: 10.2460/ajvr.24.05.0144
Craig NM, Munguia NS, Trujillo AD, Chan AM, Wilkes R, Dorr M, Marsella R.This study investigated the effects of recombinant equine IL-31 (eIL-31) in vivo and in vitro. Methods: Equine IL-31 mRNA sequences were verified by sequencing. Recombinant eIL-31 was produced using mammalian and bacterial expression systems. From November 2019 through February 2021, 12 normal horses, 6 to 10 years old with no history or clinical signs consistent with allergic skin disease, were injected ID with eIL-31 and saline in 2 challenge studies. Pruritus-associated behaviors were recorded for a minimum of 15 minutes preinjection and 4 hours postinjection. Adherent monocytes from 3 prur...
An Equine Protein Atlas Highlights Synovial Fluid Proteome Dynamics during Experimentally LPS-Induced Arthritis.
Journal of proteome research    October 12, 2024   doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00125
Bundgaard L, u00c5rman F, u00c5hrman E, Walters M, Auf dem Keller U, Malmstru00f6m J, Jacobsen S.In human proteomics, substantial efforts are ongoing to leverage large collections of mass spectrometry (MS) fragment ion spectra into extensive spectral libraries (SL) as a resource for data independent acquisition (DIA) analysis. Currently, such initiatives in equine research are still missing. Here we present a large-scale equine SL, comprising 6394 canonical proteins and 89,329 unique peptides, based on data dependent acquisition analysis of 75 tissue and body fluid samples from horses. The SL enabled large-scale DIA-MS based quantification of the same samples to generate a quantitative eq...
Isolated and multiple causes of equine dystocia.
Acta veterinaria Scandinavica    October 11, 2024   Volume 66, Issue 1 55 doi: 10.1186/s13028-024-00772-8
Ellerbrock M, Krohn J, Bu00fcttner K, Wehrend A.Dystocia is rare in horses, but is life-threatening for mares and foals. Therefore, veterinary research depends on up-to-date data to optimise equine dystocia management. In addition, knowledge of the prognosis of equine dystocia is necessary to advise animal owners. This retrospective study of equine dystocia aimed to enrich existing datasets with up-to-date information. For the first time, the focus was on the causes of dystocia that occurred alone or in combination. Over a period of 10 years, 72 cases of dystocia were analysed using a standardised, predetermined diagnosis code. Results: Of ...
Assessing muscle function and oxidative profile in criollo horses participating in long loop rodeo before and after exercise.
Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine    October 11, 2024   Volume 46 e005823 doi: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm005823
Pereira AT, Pozzobon R, Dos Anjos BL, Chaves LT, Smilgys u00c9C, Thoma AJS, Lunkes VL, de Oliveira JS, de Andrade CM, Soares JCM.Criollo breed is quite popular in Brazil, mainly in the Southern Region, and the long loop rodeo is one of the main sports modality adapted to this breed. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in the muscle and oxidative functions caused by exercises practiced in this sports modality. Data such as exercising frequency, covered distance, mean duration time and number of runs, and blood samples at the following times: before the tournament, on the final day of the event, and 18-24 h after the end of the tournament were collected. Were assessed lactate and the enzymes aspartate aminotra...
Third eyelid cartilage eversion in an adult mare.
Veterinary ophthalmology    October 11, 2024   doi: 10.1111/vop.13288
D'Agostino AL, Giuliano EA, Kuroki K, Martin LM.To describe the first report of third eyelid cartilage eversion in an adult American Quarter Horse mare. Methods: A 22-year-old American Quarter Horse mare presented to the University of Missouri Veterinary Health Center Equine Hospital for a 2-week history of a third eyelid cartilage abnormality of the left eye with no known recent trauma. Complete ophthalmic examination revealed third eyelid cartilage eversion of the left nictitans. The abnormal scrolled cartilage was surgically excised using a handheld cautery unit and submitted for histopathologic evaluation. Results: Histopathologic findi...
Distal sagittal forelimb conformation in young Walloon horses: Radiographic assessment and its relationship with osteochondral fragments.
PloS one    October 11, 2024   Volume 19, Issue 10 e0311965 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311965
Van Cauter R, Caudron I, Lejeune JP, Rousset A, Serteyn D.Osteochondral fragments within equine joints are commonly encountered and may predispose to lameness and limitation to sport purposes. Factors leading to this condition include genetic, nutritional and environmental conditions. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of conformation traits and their correlation with osteochondrosis. This study, based on the radiographic screenings of young horses born in Wallonia (266 individuals, 532 forelimbs), evaluated the correlation between foot, fetlock conformations of the front limb, height at the withers and presence of osteochondral fragments...
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