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Applied and environmental microbiology1988; 54(7); 1806-1811; doi: 10.1128/aem.54.7.1806-1811.1988

Fumonisins–novel mycotoxins with cancer-promoting activity produced by Fusarium moniliforme.

Gelderblom, WC
·
Jaskiewicz, K
·
Marasas, WF
·
Thiel, PG
·
Horak, RM
·
Vleggaar, R
·
Kriek, NP

Abstract: Cultures on corn of Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826 are known to cause leukoencephalomalacia in horses and to be toxic and hepatocarcinogenic in rats. Culture material of this F. moniliforme isolate has also been shown to exhibit cancer-promoting activity in a short-term cancer initiation-promotion bioassay with diethylnitrosamine-initiated rats and the induction of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase-positive (GGT+) foci as an endpoint after 4 weeks of promotion. This bioassay was used as a monitoring system to isolate cancer-promoting compounds from cultures of F. moniliforme MRC 826. Culture material was successively extracted with ethyl acetate and CH3OH-H2O (3:1). Most of the cancer-promoting activity was recovered in the CH3OH-H2O extract and remained in the aqueous phase following partitioning of this extract between CH3OH-H2O (1:3) and CHCl3. The CH3OH-H2O fraction was chromatographed on an Amberlite XAD-2 column, and the active fraction was eluted with CH3OH. This fraction was chromatographed on a silica gel column with CHCl3-CH3OH-CH3COOH (6:3:1) as eluent and further purified on a C18 reverse-phase column. Two pure compounds were isolated, and these have been chemically characterized and given the trivial names fumonisin B1 and B2. At least 2 g of the major compound fumonisin B1 was purified from 1 kg of culture material. Fumonisin B1 in the diet (0.1%) significantly (P less than 0.001) induced the formation of GGT+ foci in the livers of initiated as well as noninitiated rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Publication Date: 1988-07-01 PubMed ID: 2901247PubMed Central: PMC202749DOI: 10.1128/aem.54.7.1806-1811.1988Google Scholar: Lookup

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Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research explores and identifies two new mycotoxins – termed as fumonisin B1 and B2 – produced by the fungus Fusarium moniliforme, and their potential cancer-promoting activity, demonstrated via experimentation on rats.

Objectives and Methodology

The research initially focused on mold Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826, which was cultured on corn and had previously demonstrated toxicity and cancer-promoting activity in animal models. The objective was to identify and isolate the specific compounds in the mold that contribute to its cancer-promoting activity.
The fungus was cultured, and the material extracted successively using ethyl acetate and CH3OH-H2O (methanol-water mixture). The cancer-promoting activity was primarily found in the methanol-water extract. This extract was then further divided into separate components to isolate active substances.
A range of chromatography techniques were employed to purify the extracts and isolate the active compounds. Using these methods, two pure compounds were isolated from the cultures.

Results and Conclusion

The isolated substances were chemically characterised and named as fumonisin B1 and B2. A significant amount of fumonisin B1 was extracted from a kilogram of the fungal culture material, indicating its robust presence in the toxic mold.
Testing with diet-included fumonisin B1 (at a concentration of 0.1%) showed significant cancer-promoting activity in rats, both in those that had been previously initiated with a cancer-causing compound (diethylnitrosamine) and in non-initiated rats. The endpoint measure was the induction of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase-positive (GGT+) foci, which are a key indicator of liver damage and potential carcinogenesis.
The findings provide a linking relationship between the consumption of corn contaminated with Fusarium moniliforme and the incidence of liver cancer, elucidated by the discovery of fumonisin mycotoxins.

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APA

Gelderblom WC, Jaskiewicz K, Marasas WF, Thiel PG, Horak RM, Vleggaar R, Kriek NP. (1988). Fumonisins–novel mycotoxins with cancer-promoting activity produced by Fusarium moniliforme. Appl Environ Microbiol, 54(7), 1806-1811. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.54.7.1806-1811.1988

Publication

Applied and environmental microbiology

ISSN: 0099-2240

NlmUniqueID: 7605801

Country: United States

Language: English

Volume: 54

Issue: 7

Pages: 1806-1811

Researcher Affiliations

Gelderblom, W C

Research Institute for Nutritional Diseases, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg.

Jaskiewicz, K

Marasas, W F

Thiel, P G

Horak, R M

Vleggaar, R

Kriek, N P

MeSH Terms

Animals
Body Weight / drug effects
Carcinogens, Environmental / isolation & purification
Chromatography
Diethylnitrosamine
Fumonisins
Fusarium / analysis
Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / chemically induced
Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / pathology
Male
Mutagenicity Tests
Mycotoxins / isolation & purification
Mycotoxins / toxicity
Rats
Rats, Inbred Strains
gamma-Glutamyltransferase / analysis

References

This article includes 11 references

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Citations

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