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Home/Equine Research Bank/Vet Parasitol/Babesia–a historical overview.
Veterinary parasitology2006; 138(1-2); 3-10; doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.035

Babesia–a historical overview.

Abstract: The history of the genus Babesia is briefly outlined. The classical differences with the main other genus of non-pigment-forming hemoparasites, Theileria, are the absence of extra-erythrocytic multiplication (schizogony) in Babesia and the cycle in the vector tick, which includes transovarial transmission in Babesia but only transstadial transmission in Theileria. Also, the multiplication in the red cell of Babesia, by budding, most often results in two daughter cells (merozoites), while that of Theileria gives four merozoites, often as a Maltese cross. In particular this means that what is still commonly called Babesia microti is not a Babesia and that it would be just as logical to speak of human theileriosis as of babesiosis. The small piroplasm of horses, long known as Babesia equi, is already commonly designated as Theileria equi. However, on molecular grounds, it may be necessary to create a new genus for these parasites. The Babesia species of domestic animals are briefly discussed and presented in a table.
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Publication Date: 2006-02-28 PubMed ID: 16513280DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.035Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper provides a historical perspective on the genus Babesia, a group of parasites that infect red blood cells, comparing it with Theileria, another genus of similar parasites. It also discusses the need for potential reclassification of certain species based on molecular characteristics.

Brief History of Babesia

  • The article begins by summarizing the history of the genus Babesia, a group of parasites most commonly known to cause disease in animals, but can also cause disease in humans.

Comparison with Theileria

  • The paper notes several key differences between Babesia and Theileria, another genus of non-pigment-forming hemoparasites.
  • Babesia does not exhibit extra-erythrocytic multiplication (a reproductive process outside of red blood cells) known as schizogony, while Theileria does.
  • In the vector tick that often transmits these parasites, Babesia undergoes transovarial transmission (from mother to offspring) whereas Theileria only carries out transstadial transmission (from one developmental stage to another).
  • Babesia typically reproduces within red blood cells by a process called budding, which results in two offspring (merozoites), while Theileria’s replication typically produces four merozoites, often in a formation resembling a Maltese cross.

Reclassification of Species

  • The article suggests that what is commonly referred to as Babesia microti does not fit the typical characteristics of Babesia and should perhaps be considered a type of Theileria. The use of the term ‘human theileriosis’ is proposed as a substitute for ‘babesiosis’.
  • Similarly, Babesia equi, a piroplasm that affects horses, is more commonly referred to as Theileria equi nowadays.
  • The author suggests, based on molecular evidence, that a new genus might need to be created for these parasites that do not fit neatly into either existing category.

Babesia Species in Domestic Animals

  • The paper concludes with a brief discussion on species of Babesia that affect domestic animals, providing their details in a table. These include common parasites responsible for diseases in livestock and pets.

Cite This Article

APA
Uilenberg G. (2006). Babesia–a historical overview. Vet Parasitol, 138(1-2), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.035

Publication

Veterinary parasitology
ISSN: 0304-4017
NlmUniqueID: 7602745
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 138
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 3-10

Researcher Affiliations

Uilenberg, Gerrit
  • A Surgente, Route du Port, 20130 Cargu00e8se (Corse), France. uilenber@club-internet.fr

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Domestic / parasitology
  • Arachnid Vectors / parasitology
  • Babesia / classification
  • Babesia / growth & development
  • Babesia / isolation & purification
  • Babesia / physiology
  • Babesiosis / history
  • Babesiosis / parasitology
  • Babesiosis / veterinary
  • Buffaloes / parasitology
  • Cats
  • Cattle
  • Dogs
  • Goats
  • History, 19th Century
  • History, 20th Century
  • History, 21st Century
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Mammals / parasitology
  • Sheep
  • Swine
  • Theileria / classification
  • Theileria / physiology
  • Ticks / parasitology

Citations

This article has been cited 104 times.
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