FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Allergy / Allergens in veterinary medicine.
Allergy2015; 71(1); 27-35; doi: 10.1111/all.12726

Allergens in veterinary medicine.

Abstract: Allergic diseases in animals are increasingly gaining importance in veterinary practice and as research models. For intradermal testing and allergen immunotherapy, a good knowledge of relevant allergens for the individual species is of great importance. Currently, the knowledge about relevant veterinary allergens is based on sensitization rates identified by intradermal testing or serum testing for allergen-specific IgE; crude extracts are the basis for most evaluations. Only a few studies provide evidence about the molecular structure of (particularly) dust mite, insect and mould allergens in dogs and horses, respectively. In those species, some major allergens differ from those in humans. This position paper summarizes the current knowledge about relevant allergens in dogs, cats and horses.
© 2015 The Authors Allergy Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2015-09-11 PubMed ID: 26280544PubMed Central: PMC4716287DOI: 10.1111/all.12726Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article focuses on the importance of understanding allergens in animals as they are on the rise in veterinary practice and are significant in research. This research paper also emphasizes the current reliance on sensitization rates, but emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of allergens at the molecular level.

Understanding Allergens in Animals

This paper reiterates the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases in animals and the corresponding relevance in both veterinary practices and research models. A key aspect to control and treat these allergies is a comprehensive knowledge of relevant allergens for each species. Understanding what substances cause allergic reactions in animals is crucial, as the allergens for pets can be different from those that trigger allergies in humans.

  • The current understanding of animals’ allergies largely leans on sensitization rates. Sensitization rates indicate the percentage of the population that could potentially react to a specific allergen.
  • The detection of these sensitization rates is commonly achieved through intradermal testing or serum testing for allergen-specific IgE (Immunoglobulin E). IgE is a type of antibody that has an essential role in the body’s immune response when an allergic reaction occurs.
  • The majority of these evaluations are based on crude extracts, which can be any substances that typically induce allergic responses.

Need for Molecular Understanding of Allergens

The authors of the paper underscore the current lack of studies addressing the molecular structure of allergens, specifically those found in dust mites, insects, and molds, which generally cause allergic reactions in dogs and horses.

  • The authors argue for the necessity of such studies, stating that understanding allergens at the molecular level could offer more precise and effective allergy testing and treatments.
  • In dogs and horses, some major allergens are different from humans, further urging the necessity of species-specific knowledge of allergens.

A Summary of Current Knowledge on Allergens in Dogs, Cats, and Horses

The research paper ends with a summary of known allergens in dogs, cats, and horses, combining what has been learned from sensitization rates with the limited insights gained from existing molecular studies. This summary is meant to serve as a coherent body of knowledge for veterinary professionals decelerating current trends in animal allergies.

Cite This Article

APA
Mueller RS, Janda J, Jensen-Jarolim E, Rhyner C, Marti E. (2015). Allergens in veterinary medicine. Allergy, 71(1), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.12726

Publication

Allergy
ISSN: 1398-9995
NlmUniqueID: 7804028
Country: Denmark
Language: English
Volume: 71
Issue: 1
Pages: 27-35

Researcher Affiliations

Mueller, R S
  • Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Janda, J
  • Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Libechov, Czech Republic.
Jensen-Jarolim, E
  • Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research-Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Rhyner, C
  • Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, Davos, Switzerland.
Marti, E
  • Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

MeSH Terms

  • Allergens / immunology
  • Animal Diseases / immunology
  • Animals
  • Cats
  • Dogs
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Hypersensitivity / veterinary
  • Veterinary Medicine

Grant Funding

  • F 4606 / Austrian Science Fund FWF

References

This article includes 79 references
  1. Marsella R, Girolomoni G. Canine models of atopic dermatitis: a useful tool with untapped potential.. J Invest Dermatol 2009 Oct;129(10):2351-7.
    pubmed: 19516261doi: 10.1038/jid.2009.98google scholar: lookup
  2. Zur G, Ihrke PJ, White SD, Kass PH. Canine atopic dermatitis: a retrospective study of 266 cases examined at the University of California, Davis, 1992-1998. Part I. Clinical features and allergy testing results.. Vet Dermatol 2002 Apr;13(2):89-102.
    pubmed: 11972892doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3164.2002.00285.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  3. Schamber P, Schwab-Richards R, Bauersachs S, Mueller RS. Gene expression in the skin of dogs sensitized to the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae.. G3 (Bethesda) 2014 Aug 5;4(10):1787-95.
    pmc: PMC4199687pubmed: 25098772doi: 10.1534/g3.114.013003google scholar: lookup
  4. Hobi S, Linek M, Marignac G, Olivry T, Beco L, Nett C, Fontaine J, Roosje P, Bergvall K, Belova S, Koebrich S, Pin D, Kovalik M, Meury S, Wilhelm S, Favrot C. Clinical characteristics and causes of pruritus in cats: a multicentre study on feline hypersensitivity-associated dermatoses.. Vet Dermatol 2011 Oct;22(5):406-13.
    pubmed: 21410570doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2011.00962.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  5. Fadok VA. Update on equine allergies.. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2013 Dec;29(3):541-50.
    pubmed: 24267673doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2013.08.005google scholar: lookup
  6. Loewenstein C, Mueller RS. A review of allergen-specific immunotherapy in human and veterinary medicine.. Vet Dermatol 2009 Apr;20(2):84-98.
    pubmed: 19320877doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2008.00727.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  7. Hardy JI, Hendricks A, Loeffler A, Chang YM, Verheyen KL, Garden OA, Bond R. Food-specific serum IgE and IgG reactivity in dogs with and without skin disease: lack of correlation between laboratories.. Vet Dermatol 2014 Oct;25(5):447-e70.
    pubmed: 24890097doi: 10.1111/vde.12137google scholar: lookup
  8. Jeffers JG, Shanley KJ, Meyer EK. Diagnostic testing of dogs for food hypersensitivity.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991 Jan 15;198(2):245-50.
    pubmed: 2004984
  9. Jackson AP, Foster AP, Hart BJ, Helps CR, Shaw SE. Prevalence of house dust mites and dermatophagoides group 1 antigens collected from bedding, skin and hair coat of dogs in south-west England.. Vet Dermatol 2005 Feb;16(1):32-8.
    pubmed: 15725103doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2005.00427.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  10. Olivry T, Linder KE, Paps JS, Bizikova P, Dunston S, Donne N, Mondoulet L. Validation of a novel epicutaneous delivery system for patch testing of house dust mite-hypersensitive dogs.. Vet Dermatol 2012 Dec;23(6):525-e106.
    pubmed: 23050930doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2012.01111.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  11. Lian TM, Halliwell RE. Allergen-specific IgE and IgGd antibodies in atopic and normal dogs.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1998 Dec 11;66(3-4):203-23.
    pubmed: 9880099doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(98)00199-8google scholar: lookup
  12. Nelson RP Jr, DiNicolo R, Fernández-Caldas E, Seleznick MJ, Lockey RF, Good RA. Allergen-specific IgE levels and mite allergen exposure in children with acute asthma first seen in an emergency department and in nonasthmatic control subjects.. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996 Aug;98(2):258-63.
    pubmed: 8757201doi: 10.1016/s0091-6749(96)70148-3google scholar: lookup
  13. Squillace SP, Sporik RB, Rakes G, Couture N, Lawrence A, Merriam S, Zhang J, Platts-Mills AE. Sensitization to dust mites as a dominant risk factor for asthma among adolescents living in central Virginia. Multiple regression analysis of a population-based study.. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997 Dec;156(6):1760-4.
    pubmed: 9412552doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.156.6.9704026google scholar: lookup
  14. Masuda K, Tsujimoto H, Fujiwara S, Kurata K, Hasegawa A, Yasueda H, Yamashita K, DeBoer DJ, de Weck AL, Sakaguchi M. IgE sensitivity and cross-reactivity to crude and purified mite allergens (Der f 1, Der f 2, Der p 1, Der p 2) in atopic dogs sensitive to Dermatophagoides mite allergens.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1999 Dec 30;72(3-4):303-13.
    pubmed: 10628674doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(99)00142-7google scholar: lookup
  15. Saridomichelakis MN, Marsella R, Lee KW, Esch RE, Farmaki R, Koutinas AF. Assessment of cross-reactivity among five species of house dust and storage mites.. Vet Dermatol 2008 Apr;19(2):67-76.
    pubmed: 18336423doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2008.00654.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  16. Noli C, Bernadina WE, Willemse T. The significance of reactions to purified fractions of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae in canine atopic dermatitis.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1996 Jul;52(3):147-57.
    pubmed: 8809997doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(96)05550-xgoogle scholar: lookup
  17. Nuttall TJ, Lamb JR, Hill PB. Characterisation of major and minor Dermatophagoides allergens in canine atopic dermatitis.. Res Vet Sci 2001 Aug;71(1):51-7.
    pubmed: 11666148doi: 10.1053/rvsc.2001.0485google scholar: lookup
  18. McCall C, Hunter S, Stedman K, Weber E, Hillier A, Bozic C, Rivoire B, Olivry T. Characterization and cloning of a major high molecular weight house dust mite allergen (Der f 15) for dogs.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2001 Feb 10;78(3-4):231-47.
    pubmed: 11292526doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(00)00258-0google scholar: lookup
  19. Weber E, Hunter S, Stedman K, Dreitz S, Olivry T, Hillier A, McCall C. Identification, characterization, and cloning of a complementary DNA encoding a 60-kd house dust mite allergen (Der f 18) for human beings and dogs.. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003 Jul;112(1):79-86.
    pubmed: 12847483doi: 10.1067/mai.2003.1602google scholar: lookup
  20. Arlian LG, Schumann RJ, Morgan MS, Glass RL. Serum immunoglobulin E against storage mite allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis.. Am J Vet Res 2003 Jan;64(1):32-6.
    pubmed: 12518875doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.32google scholar: lookup
  21. Mueller RS, Fieseler KV, Rosychuk RA, Greenwalt T. Intradermal testing with the storage mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae in normal dogs and dogs with atopic dermatitis in Colorado.. Vet Dermatol 2005 Feb;16(1):27-31.
    pubmed: 15725102doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2005.00415.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  22. Farmaki R, Saridomichelakis MN, Leontides L, Papazahariadou MG, Gioulekas D, Koutinas AF. Dust mite species in the households of mite-sensitive dogs with atopic dermatitis.. Vet Dermatol 2012 Jun;23(3):222-e45.
    pubmed: 22575020doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2012.01052.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  23. Brazis P, Serra M, Sellés A, Dethioux F, Biourge V, Puigdemont A. Evaluation of storage mite contamination of commercial dry dog food.. Vet Dermatol 2008 Aug;19(4):209-14.
    pubmed: 18494758doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2008.00676.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  24. Mueller RS. Intradermale Reaktionen gegen die Vorratsmilbe Lepidoglyphus destructor bei normalen Hunden und Hunden mit atopischer Dermatitis. Kleintierpraxis 2011;56:5–10.
  25. Marsella R, Saridomichelakis MN. Environmental and oral challenge with storage mites in beagles experimentally sensitized to Dermatophagoides farinae.. Vet Dermatol 2010 Feb;21(1):105-11.
    pubmed: 20187916doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2009.00859.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  26. Mueller RS, Bettenay SV, Tideman L. Aero-allergens in canine atopic dermatitis in southeastern Australia based on 1000 intradermal skin tests.. Aust Vet J 2000 Jun;78(6):392-9.
    pubmed: 10920777doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2000.tb11824.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  27. Buckley L, Schmidt V, McEwan N, Nuttall T. Cross-reaction and co-sensitization among related and unrelated allergens in canine intradermal tests.. Vet Dermatol 2013 Aug;24(4):422-7, e91-2.
    pubmed: 23745529doi: 10.1111/vde.12044google scholar: lookup
  28. Mueller RS, Chapman PL. Cross reactivity of airborne allergens based on 1000 intradermal test results.. Aust Vet J 2004 Jun;82(6):351-4.
    pubmed: 15267094doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2004.tb11103.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  29. Mueller RS, Chapman PL, Rosychuk RE, Bettenay SV, Fieseler KV. Evaluation of cross-reactivity of allergens by use of intradermal testing in atopic dogs.. Am J Vet Res 2002 Jun;63(6):874-9.
    pubmed: 12061535doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2002.63.874google scholar: lookup
  30. Roussel AJ, Bruet V, Bourdeau PJ. Characterisation of dog sensitisation to grass pollen in western France from 1999 to 2010.. Vet Rec 2013 Jun 29;172(26):686.
    pubmed: 23748582doi: 10.1136/vr.100710google scholar: lookup
  31. Masuda K, Sakaguchi M, Saito S, Deboer DJ, Fujiwara S, Kurata K, Yamashita K, Hasegawa A, Ohno K, Tsujimoto H. In vivo and in vitro tests showing sensitization to Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen allergen in atopic dogs.. J Vet Med Sci 2000 Sep;62(9):995-1000.
    pubmed: 11039597doi: 10.1292/jvms.62.995google scholar: lookup
  32. Kubota S, Miyaji K, Shimo Y, Shimakura H, Takase Y, Okamoto N, Kiuchi A, Fujimura M, Fujimura T, DeBoer DJ, Tsukui T, Sakaguchi M. IgE reactivity to a Cry j 3, an allergen of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen in dogs with canine atopic dermatitis.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012 Sep 15;149(1-2):132-5.
    pubmed: 22749702doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.06.007google scholar: lookup
  33. Willis EL, Kunkle GA, Esch RE, Grier TJ, Kubilis PS. Intradermal reactivity to various insect and arachnid allergens among dogs from the southeastern United States.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996 Oct 15;209(8):1431-4.
    pubmed: 8870740
  34. Ichikawa Y, Beugnet F. Epidemiological survey of anti-flea IgE in dogs in Japan by using an antigen-specific IgE quantitative measurement method.. Parasite 2012 May;19(2):173-6.
    pmc: PMC3671436pubmed: 22550629doi: 10.1051/parasite/2012192173google scholar: lookup
  35. Lee SE, Johnstone IP, Lee RP, Opdebeeck JP. Putative salivary allergens of the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1999 Aug 2;69(2-4):229-37.
    pubmed: 10507308doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(99)00057-4google scholar: lookup
  36. McDermott MJ, Weber E, Hunter S, Stedman KE, Best E, Frank GR, Wang R, Escudero J, Kuner J, McCall C. Identification, cloning, and characterization of a major cat flea salivary allergen (Cte f 1).. Mol Immunol 2000 May;37(7):361-75.
    pubmed: 11074254doi: 10.1016/s0161-5890(00)00061-4google scholar: lookup
  37. Cowell AK, Cowell RL, Tyler RD, Nieves MA. Severe systemic reactions to Hymenoptera stings in three dogs.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991 Mar 15;198(6):1014-6.
    pubmed: 2032903
  38. Waddell LS, Drobatz KJ. Massive envenomation by Vespula spp in two dogs. Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 1999;9:67–71.
  39. Fitzgerald KT, Flood AA. Hymenoptera stings.. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract 2006 Nov;21(4):194-204.
    pubmed: 17265905doi: 10.1053/j.ctsap.2006.10.002google scholar: lookup
  40. Hill PB, DeBoer DJ. The ACVD task force on canine atopic dermatitis (IV): environmental allergens.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2001 Sep 20;81(3-4):169-86.
    pubmed: 11553378doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(01)00298-7google scholar: lookup
  41. Willemse A, van den Brom WE. Investigations of the symptomatology and the significance of immediate skin test reactivity in canine atopic dermatitis.. Res Vet Sci 1983 May;34(3):261-5.
    pubmed: 6878876
  42. Masuda K, Sakaguchi M, Fujiwara S, Kurata K, Yamashita K, Odagiri T, Nakao Y, Matsuki N, Ono K, Watari T, Hasegawa A, Tsujimoto H. Positive reactions to common allergens in 42 atopic dogs in Japan.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2000 Feb 25;73(2):193-204.
    pubmed: 10690934doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(99)00166-xgoogle scholar: lookup
  43. Rosenbaum MR, Esch RE, Schwartzman RM. Effects of mold proteases on the biological activity of allergenic pollen extracts.. Am J Vet Res 1996 Oct;57(10):1447-52.
    pubmed: 8896682
  44. Schnabl B, Bettenay SV, Dow K, Mueller RS. Results of allergen-specific immunotherapy in 117 dogs with atopic dermatitis.. Vet Rec 2006 Jan 21;158(3):81-5.
    pubmed: 16428661doi: 10.1136/vr.158.3.81google scholar: lookup
  45. Loft KE, Rosser EJ Jr. Group 1 and 2 Dermatophagoides house dust mite allergens in the microenvironment of cats.. Vet Dermatol 2010 Apr;21(2):152-8.
    pubmed: 19725913doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2009.00771.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  46. Schleifer SG, Willemse T. Evaluation of skin test reactivity to environmental allergens in healthy cats and cats with atopic dermatitis.. Am J Vet Res 2003 Jun;64(6):773-8.
    pubmed: 12828264doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.773google scholar: lookup
  47. Taglinger K, Helps CR, Day MJ, Foster AP. Measurement of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) specific for house dust mite antigens in normal cats and cats with allergic skin disease.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2005 May 1;105(1-2):85-93.
    pubmed: 15797478doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2004.12.017google scholar: lookup
  48. Gilbert S, Halliwell RE. Feline immunoglobulin E: induction of antigen-specific antibody in normal cats and levels in spontaneously allergic cats.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1998 May 29;63(3):235-52.
    pubmed: 9656458doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(98)00100-7google scholar: lookup
  49. Lee-Fowler TM, Cohn LA, DeClue AE, Spinka CM, Ellebracht RD, Reinero CR. Comparison of intradermal skin testing (IDST) and serum allergen-specific IgE determination in an experimental model of feline asthma.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2009 Nov 15;132(1):46-52.
    pubmed: 19819027doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.09.014google scholar: lookup
  50. Stursberg U. Felines Asthma und Chronische Bronchitis: Untersuchungen zu Anamnese, Allergiediagnostik und Therapie mit Propentofyllin. Munich: Ludwig Maximilian University, 2010.
  51. Diesel A, DeBoer DJ. Serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E in atopic and healthy cats: comparison of a rapid screening immunoassay and complete-panel analysis.. Vet Dermatol 2011 Feb;22(1):39-45.
    pubmed: 20584155doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2010.00908.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  52. Belova S, Wilhelm S, Linek M, Beco L, Fontaine J, Bergvall K, Favrot C. Factors affecting allergen-specific IgE serum levels in cats.. Can J Vet Res 2012 Jan;76(1):45-51.
    pmc: PMC3244287pubmed: 22754094
  53. Loft KE, Pedersen K. The presence of pollen and house dust mite allergen‐specific IgE in serum of 15 SPF cats and prevalence of house dust mite allergens (dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 1, Dermatophagoides farinae 1, and mite group 2) in their microenvironment. Veterinary Dermatology 2007; p. 184.
  54. Masuda K, Kurata K, Sakaguchi M, Yamashita K, Hasegawa A, Ohno K, Tsujimoto H. Seasonal rhinitis in a cat sensitized to Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen.. J Vet Med Sci 2001 Jan;63(1):79-81.
    pubmed: 11217069doi: 10.1292/jvms.63.79google scholar: lookup
  55. Bond R, Hutchinson MJ, Loeffler A. Serological, intradermal and live flea challenge tests in the assessment of hypersensitivity to flea antigens in cats (Felis domesticus).. Parasitol Res 2006 Sep;99(4):392-7.
    pubmed: 16572336doi: 10.1007/s00436-006-0163-6google scholar: lookup
  56. Nagata M, Ishida T. Cutaneous reactivity to mosquito bites and its antigens in cats. Vet Dermatol 1997;8:19–26.
  57. Wallace JC, Vogelnest LJ. Evaluation of the presence of house dust mites in horse rugs.. Vet Dermatol 2010 Dec;21(6):602-7.
    pubmed: 20529010doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2010.00905.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  58. Roberts HA, Hurcombe SD, Hillier A, Lorch G. Equine intradermal test threshold concentrations for house dust mite and storage mite allergens and identification of stable acari fauna.. Vet Dermatol 2014 Apr;25(2):124-34, e35-6.
    pubmed: 24800265doi: 10.1111/vde.12113google scholar: lookup
  59. Eder C, Crameri R, Mayer C, Eicher R, Straub R, Gerber H, Lazary S, Marti E. Allergen-specific IgE levels against crude mould and storage mite extracts and recombinant mould allergens in sera from horses affected with chronic bronchitis.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2000 Mar 15;73(3-4):241-53.
    pubmed: 10713338doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(00)00154-9google scholar: lookup
  60. Tahon L, Baselgia S, Gerber V, Doherr MG, Straub R, Robinson NE, Marti E. In vitro allergy tests compared to intradermal testing in horses with recurrent airway obstruction.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2009 Jan 15;127(1-2):85-93.
    pubmed: 19027178doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.09.021google scholar: lookup
  61. Stepnik CT, Outerbridge CA, White SD, Kass PH. Equine atopic skin disease and response to allergen-specific immunotherapy: a retrospective study at the University of California-Davis (1991-2008).. Vet Dermatol 2012 Feb;23(1):29-35, e7.
    pubmed: 21777308doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2011.01001.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  62. Schaffartzik A, Hamza E, Janda J, Crameri R, Marti E, Rhyner C. Equine insect bite hypersensitivity: what do we know?. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012 Jun 30;147(3-4):113-26.
    pubmed: 22575371doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.03.017google scholar: lookup
  63. Baselgia S, Doherr MG, Mellor P, Torsteinsdottir S, Jermann T, Zurbriggen A, Jungi T, Marti E. Evaluation of an in vitro sulphidoleukotriene release test for diagnosis of insect bite hypersensitivity in horses.. Equine Vet J 2006 Jan;38(1):40-6.
    pubmed: 16411585doi: 10.2746/042516406775374333google scholar: lookup
  64. Langner KF, Darpel KE, Drolet BS, Fischer A, Hampel S, Heselhaus JE, Mellor PS, Mertens PP, Leibold W. Comparison of cellular and humoral immunoassays for the assessment of summer eczema in horses.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2008 Mar 15;122(1-2):126-37.
    pubmed: 18155778doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.11.001google scholar: lookup
  65. van der Meide NM, Meulenbroeks C, van Altena C, Schurink A, Ducro BJ, Wagner B, Leibold W, Rohwer J, Jacobs F, van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MM, Savelkoul HF, Tijhaar E. Culicoides obsoletus extract relevant for diagnostics of insect bite hypersensitivity in horses.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012 Oct 15;149(3-4):245-54.
    pubmed: 22906994doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.07.007google scholar: lookup
  66. Langner KF, Jarvis DL, Nimtz M, Heselhaus JE, McHolland LE, Leibold W, Drolet BS. Identification, expression and characterisation of a major salivary allergen (Cul s 1) of the biting midge Culicoides sonorensis relevant for summer eczema in horses.. Int J Parasitol 2009 Jan;39(2):243-50.
    pmc: PMC2744044pubmed: 18708061doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2008.06.008google scholar: lookup
  67. Peeters LM, Janssens S, Goddeeris BM, De Keyser K, Wilson AD, Kaufmann C, Schaffartzik A, Marti E, Buys N. Evaluation of an IgE ELISA with Culicoides spp. extracts and recombinant salivary antigens for diagnosis of insect bite hypersensitivity in Warmblood horses.. Vet J 2013 Oct;198(1):141-7.
    pubmed: 23891138doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.06.010google scholar: lookup
  68. Schaffartzik A, Marti E, Torsteinsdottir S, Mellor PS, Crameri R, Rhyner C. Selective cloning, characterization, and production of the Culicoides nubeculosus salivary gland allergen repertoire associated with equine insect bite hypersensitivity.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2011 Feb 15;139(2-4):200-9.
    pubmed: 21071100doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.10.015google scholar: lookup
  69. Schaffartzik A, Weichel M, Crameri R, Björnsdóttir TS, Prisi C, Rhyner C, Torsteinsdóttir S, Marti E. Cloning of IgE-binding proteins from Simulium vittatum and their potential significance as allergens for equine insect bite hypersensitivity.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2009 Nov 15;132(1):68-77.
    pubmed: 19836085doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.09.017google scholar: lookup
  70. Schaffartzik A, Marti E, Crameri R, Rhyner C. Cloning, production and characterization of antigen 5 like proteins from Simulium vittatum and Culicoides nubeculosus, the first cross-reactive allergen associated with equine insect bite hypersensitivity.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2010 Sep 15;137(1-2):76-83.
    pubmed: 20537727doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.04.012google scholar: lookup
  71. Jose-Cunilleras E, Kohn CW, Hillier A, Saville WJ, Lorch G. Intradermal testing in healthy horses and horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, recurrent urticaria, or allergic dermatitis.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001 Oct 15;219(8):1115-21.
    pubmed: 11700711doi: 10.2460/javma.2001.219.1115google scholar: lookup
  72. Kalina WV, Pettigrew HD, Gershwin LJ. IgE ELISA using antisera derived from epsilon chain antigenic peptides detects allergen-specific IgE in allergic horses.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2003 May 12;92(3-4):137-47.
    pubmed: 12730014doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(03)00034-5google scholar: lookup
  73. Ward MP, Couëtil LL. Climatic and aeroallergen risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in horses.. Am J Vet Res 2005 May;66(5):818-24.
    pubmed: 15934609doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.818google scholar: lookup
  74. Dirscherl P, Grabner A, Buschmann H. Responsiveness of basophil granulocytes of horses suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to various allergens.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1993 Oct;38(3-4):217-27.
    pubmed: 7507274doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(93)90082-fgoogle scholar: lookup
  75. Schmallenbach KH, Rahman I, Sasse HH, Dixon PM, Halliwell RE, McGorum BC, Crameri R, Miller HR. Studies on pulmonary and systemic Aspergillus fumigatus-specific IgE and IgG antibodies in horses affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1998 Dec 11;66(3-4):245-56.
    pubmed: 9880102doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(98)00202-5google scholar: lookup
  76. Künzle F, Gerber V, Van Der Haegen A, Wampfler B, Straub R, Marti E. IgE-bearing cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and allergen-specific IgE levels in sera from RAO-affected horses.. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2007 Feb;54(1):40-7.
    pubmed: 17359454doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2007.00870.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  77. Scharrenberg A, Gerber V, Swinburne JE, Wilson AD, Klukowska-Rötzler J, Laumen E, Marti E. IgE, IgGa, IgGb and IgG(T) serum antibody levels in offspring of two sires affected with equine recurrent airway obstruction.. Anim Genet 2010 Dec;41 Suppl 2:131-7.
    pubmed: 21070286doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2010.02122.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  78. Masuda K, Tsujimoto H, Fujiwara S, Kurata K, Hasegawa A, Taniguchi Y, Yamashita K, Yasueda H, DeBoer DJ, de Weck AL, Sakaguchi M. IgE-reactivity to major Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen allergens (Cry j 1 and Cry j 2) by ELISA in dogs with atopic dermatitis.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2000 May 23;74(3-4):263-70.
    pubmed: 10802293doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(00)00173-2google scholar: lookup
  79. van der Meide NM, Roders N, Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MM, Schaap PJ, van Oers MM, Leibold W, Savelkoul HF, Tijhaar E. Cloning and expression of candidate allergens from Culicoides obsoletus for diagnosis of insect bite hypersensitivity in horses.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2013 Jun 15;153(3-4):227-39.
    pubmed: 23561552doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.03.005google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 25 times.
  1. Song H, Lee J, Jeong KY, Cheon DS, Park JW. Comparison of sensitization patterns to dust mite allergens between atopic dermatitis patients and dogs, and non-specific reactivity of canine IgE to the storage mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae. Exp Appl Acarol 2022 Sep;88(1):41-55.
    doi: 10.1007/s10493-022-00744-5pubmed: 36190668google scholar: lookup
  2. Martins LML. Allergy to Fungi in Veterinary Medicine: Alternaria, Dermatophytes and Malassezia Pay the Bill!. J Fungi (Basel) 2022 Feb 27;8(3).
    doi: 10.3390/jof8030235pubmed: 35330237google scholar: lookup
  3. Premrov Bajuk B, Zrimšek P, Kotnik T, Leonardi A, Križaj I, Jakovac Strajn B. Insect Protein-Based Diet as Potential Risk of Allergy in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jun 29;11(7).
    doi: 10.3390/ani11071942pubmed: 34209808google scholar: lookup
  4. Pali-Schöll I, Roth-Walter F, Jensen-Jarolim E. One Health in allergology: A concept that connects humans, animals, plants, and the environment. Allergy 2021 Aug;76(8):2630-2633.
    doi: 10.1111/all.14804pubmed: 33665860google scholar: lookup
  5. Moog F, Brun J, Bourdeau P, Cadiergues MC. Clinical, Parasitological, and Serological Follow-Up of Dogs with Sarcoptic Mange Treated Orally with Lotilaner. Case Rep Vet Med 2021;2021:6639017.
    doi: 10.1155/2021/6639017pubmed: 33575060google scholar: lookup
  6. Di Tommaso M, Luciani A, Crisi PE, Beschi M, Rosi P, Rocconi F, Miglio A. Detection of Serum Allergen-Specific IgE in Atopic Dogs Tested in Northern Italy: Preliminary Study. Animals (Basel) 2021 Feb 1;11(2).
    doi: 10.3390/ani11020358pubmed: 33535414google scholar: lookup
  7. Imanishi I, Uchiyama J, Mizukami K, Kamiie J, Kurata K, Iyori K, Fujimura M, Shimakura K, Nishifuji K, Sakaguchi M. IgE reactivity to fish allergens from Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) in atopic dogs. BMC Vet Res 2020 Sep 16;16(1):341.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02559-1pubmed: 32938440google scholar: lookup
  8. Raza F, Ivanek R, Freer H, Reiche D, Rose H, Torsteinsdóttir S, Svansson V, Björnsdóttir S, Wagner B. Cul o 2 specific IgG3/5 antibodies predicted Culicoides hypersensitivity in a group imported Icelandic horses. BMC Vet Res 2020 Aug 10;16(1):283.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02499-wpubmed: 32778104google scholar: lookup
  9. Wilkołek P, Szczepanik M, Sitkowski W, Rodzik B, Pluta M, Taszkun I, Gołyński M. Evaluation of multiple allergen simultaneous (sIgE) testing compared to intradermal testing in the etiological diagnosis of atopic dermatitis in horses. J Vet Sci 2019 Nov;20(6):e60.
    doi: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.e60pubmed: 31775187google scholar: lookup
  10. Rydell-Törmänen K, Johnson JR. The Applicability of Mouse Models to the Study of Human Disease. Methods Mol Biol 2019;1940:3-22.
    doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9086-3_1pubmed: 30788814google scholar: lookup
  11. Kuribayashi T, Cossu D, Momotani E. Seroprevalence of Immunoglobulin E Antibodies against Japanese Cedar Pollen Allergens Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 in Dogs Bred in Japan. Vet Sci 2018 Sep 11;5(3).
    doi: 10.3390/vetsci5030079pubmed: 30208581google scholar: lookup
  12. Einhorn L, Hofstetter G, Brandt S, Hainisch EK, Fukuda I, Kusano K, Scheynius A, Mittermann I, Resch-Marat Y, Vrtala S, Valenta R, Marti E, Rhyner C, Crameri R, Satoh R, Teshima R, Tanaka A, Sato H, Matsuda H, Pali-Schöll I, Jensen-Jarolim E. Molecular allergen profiling in horses by microarray reveals Fag e 2 from buckwheat as a frequent sensitizer. Allergy 2018 Jul;73(7):1436-1446.
    doi: 10.1111/all.13417pubmed: 29350763google scholar: lookup
  13. Pacholewska A, Kraft MF, Gerber V, Jagannathan V. Differential Expression of Serum MicroRNAs Supports CD4⁺ T Cell Differentiation into Th2/Th17 Cells in Severe Equine Asthma. Genes (Basel) 2017 Dec 12;8(12).
    doi: 10.3390/genes8120383pubmed: 29231896google scholar: lookup
  14. Mueller RS, Olivry T. Critically appraised topic on adverse food reactions of companion animals (4): can we diagnose adverse food reactions in dogs and cats with in vivo or in vitro tests?. BMC Vet Res 2017 Aug 30;13(1):275.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-017-1142-0pubmed: 28854915google scholar: lookup
  15. Barber MF, Lee EM, Griffin H, Elde NC. Rapid Evolution of Primate Type 2 Immune Response Factors Linked to Asthma Susceptibility. Genome Biol Evol 2017 Jun 1;9(6):1757-1765.
    doi: 10.1093/gbe/evx120pubmed: 28854632google scholar: lookup
  16. Delcombel R, Karembe H, Nare B, Burton A, Liebenberg J, Fourie J, Varloud M. Synergy between dinotefuran and fipronil against the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis): improved onset of action and residual speed of kill in adult cats. Parasit Vectors 2017 Jul 19;10(1):341.
    doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2272-8pubmed: 28724438google scholar: lookup
  17. Oida K, Einhorn L, Herrmann I, Panakova L, Resch Y, Vrtala S, Hofstetter G, Tanaka A, Matsuda H, Jensen-Jarolim E. Innate function of house dust mite allergens: robust enzymatic degradation of extracellular matrix at elevated pH. World Allergy Organ J 2017;10(1):23.
    doi: 10.1186/s40413-017-0154-3pubmed: 28702111google scholar: lookup
  18. Sánchez-Borges M, Fernandez-Caldas E, Thomas WR, Chapman MD, Lee BW, Caraballo L, Acevedo N, Chew FT, Ansotegui IJ, Behrooz L, Phipatanakul W, Gerth van Wijk R, Pascal D, Rosario N, Ebisawa M, Geller M, Quirce S, Vrtala S, Valenta R, Ollert M, Canonica GW, Calderón MA, Barnes CS, Custovic A, Benjaponpitak S, Capriles-Hulett A. International consensus (ICON) on: clinical consequences of mite hypersensitivity, a global problem. World Allergy Organ J 2017;10(1):14.
    doi: 10.1186/s40413-017-0145-4pubmed: 28451053google scholar: lookup
  19. Jensen-Jarolim E, Pali-Schöll I, Roth-Walter F. Outstanding animal studies in allergy I. From asthma to food allergy and anaphylaxis. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2017 Jun;17(3):169-179.
    doi: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000363pubmed: 28346234google scholar: lookup
  20. Welters M, Mas-Fontao A, Auxilia ST, Olivry T. Composition Heterogeneity and Low-Molecular-Weight Allergen Content of Dermatophagoides farinae House Dust Mite Allergen Extracts Used in Veterinary Medicine. Vet Sci 2025 Aug 27;12(9).
    doi: 10.3390/vetsci12090824pubmed: 41012749google scholar: lookup
  21. Ardicli S, Ardicli O, Yazici D, Pat Y, Babayev H, Xiong P, Zeyneloglu C, Garcia-Sanchez A, Shi LL, Viscardi OG, Skolnick S, Ogulur I, Dhir R, Jutel M, Agache I, Janda J, Pali-Schöll I, Nadeau KC, Akdis M, Akdis CA. Epithelial barrier dysfunction and associated diseases in companion animals: Differences and similarities between humans and animals and research needs. Allergy 2024 Dec;79(12):3238-3268.
    doi: 10.1111/all.16343pubmed: 39417247google scholar: lookup
  22. Hartung BF, Mueller RS, Gauss J, Weitzer T, Boehm TMSA, Palić J, Schulz B. Reactions to environmental allergens in cats with feline lower airway disease. Front Vet Sci 2023;10:1267496.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1267496pubmed: 38130436google scholar: lookup
  23. Martins LML. Survey of Sensitization to Common Fungi in an Allergic Dog Population: The Need for Further Focus on Sensitization and Allergy to Fungi in Veterinary Medicine. J Fungi (Basel) 2023 Nov 3;9(11).
    doi: 10.3390/jof9111075pubmed: 37998880google scholar: lookup
  24. Pessoa VC, Branco-Ferreira M, Jónsdóttir S, Marti E, Tilley P. Comparison of Skin Prick Tests (SPT), Intradermal Tests (IDT) and In Vitro Tests in the Characterization of Insect Bite Hypersensitivity (IBH) in a Population of Lusitano Horses: Contribution for Future Implementation of SPT in IBH Diagnosis. Animals (Basel) 2023 Aug 28;13(17).
    doi: 10.3390/ani13172733pubmed: 37684997google scholar: lookup
  25. Jensen-Jarolim E, Pacios LF, Bianchini R, Hofstetter G, Roth-Walter F. Structural similarities of human and mammalian lipocalins, and their function in innate immunity and allergy. Allergy 2016 Mar;71(3):286-94.
    doi: 10.1111/all.12797pubmed: 26497994google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,344 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.