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Biomedicines2023; 11(12); doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11123307

Arthroscopic Treatment of a Subchondral Bone Cyst via Stem Cells Application: A Case Study in Equine Model and Outcomes.

Abstract: Subchondral bone cysts in horses represent one of the main causes of lameness that can occur in different anatomical locations. The study describes the treatment in regenerative therapy of the intracystic implantation of adipose tissue mesenchymal stromal cells (AMSCs) included in platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The ability of AMSCs to differentiate in osteogenic cells was tested in vitro and in vivo. Given the aim to investigate the application of AMSCs in bone defects and orthopedic pathologies in horses, a four-year-old male thoroughbred racing horse that had never raced before was treated for lameness of the left hind leg caused by a cyst of the medial femoral condyle. The horse underwent a new surgery performed with an arthroscopic approach in which the cystic cavity was filled with AMSCs contained in the PRP. Radiographs were taken 3, 5, and 10 months after the surgery to assess the development of newly regenerated bone tissue in the gap left by the cyst. Twelve months after the operation and after six months of regular daily training, the horse did not show any symptoms of lameness and started a racing career. According to the study, the use of AMSCs and PRP suggests promising benefits for treating subchondral bone cysts.
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Publication Date: 2023-12-14 PubMed ID: 38137527PubMed Central: PMC10741679DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123307Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper discusses the application and effectivity of adipose tissue mesenchymal stromal cells (AMSCs) paired with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a regenerative treatment for subchondral bone cysts in horses, which are a significant cause of lameness. The procedure was performed on a four-year-old thoroughbred that had never raced due to lameness. Post-operation and training, the horse showed no symptoms of lameness and commenced a racing career, suggesting that the treatment is promising.

Stem Cell and PRP Application

  • The focal treatment in the research is the combined use of adipose tissue mesenchymal stromal cells (AMSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to cure subchondral bone cysts. These cysts cause lameness in horses and can occur in various body parts.
  • Stem cells, specifically the AMSCs, have the ability to differentiate into osteogenic (bone-forming) cells. This is of significant interest in treating bone defects, in this case, subchondral bone cysts.
  • PRP, which is rich in growth factors, is a substance that promotes healing when used in combination with AMSCs. It acts as a medium for the stem cells, aiding them in the acceleration of healing and regeneration process.

Case Study: A Thoroughbred Race Horse

  • The study was performed on a four-year-old male thoroughbred racehorse suffering from a cyst of the medial femoral condyle, a condition that led to the horse’s lameness and inability to race.
  • Through arthroscopic surgery, the cystic cavity of the horse was filled with AMSCs contained in the PRP.
  • Post-operation assessments were made via Radiographs thrice within a year – 3, 5, and 10 months after surgery – to observe the development and regeneration of the bone tissue in the gap left by the cyst.

Results and Impact

  • Twelve months post-operation, the horse showed no signs of lameness and started training regularly.
  • After six months of daily training, the horse was able to start a career in racing, marking the treatment as successful.
  • The study concludes the potential benefits of using AMSCs and PRP for treating subchondral bone cysts in equine orthopedics. The successful treatment of lameness in the horse indicates potential for future similar procedures and treatments.

Cite This Article

APA
Canonici F, Marcoccia D, Bonini P, Monteleone V, Innocenzi E, Zepparoni A, Altigeri A, Caciolo D, Tofani S, Ghisellini P, Rando C, Pechkova E, Rau JV, Eggenhöffner R, Scicluna MT, Barbaro K. (2023). Arthroscopic Treatment of a Subchondral Bone Cyst via Stem Cells Application: A Case Study in Equine Model and Outcomes. Biomedicines, 11(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11123307

Publication

Biomedicines
ISSN: 2227-9059
NlmUniqueID: 101691304
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 12

Researcher Affiliations

Canonici, Fernando
  • Equine Practice srl, Campagnano, Strada Valle del Baccano 80, 00063 Roma, Italy.
Marcoccia, Daniele
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Bonini, Pamela
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Monteleone, Valentina
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Innocenzi, Elisa
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Zepparoni, Alessia
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Altigeri, Annalisa
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Caciolo, Daniela
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Tofani, Silvia
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Ghisellini, Paola
  • Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genova University, Corso Europa 30, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Rando, Cristina
  • Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genova University, Corso Europa 30, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Pechkova, Eugenia
  • Consorzio Interuniversitario INBB, Viale delle Medaglie d'Oro, 305, 00136 Roma, Italy.
  • Laboratories of Biophysics and Nanotechnology, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Genova University, Via Pastore 3, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Rau, Julietta V
  • Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Eggenhöffner, Roberto
  • Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), Genova University, Corso Europa 30, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Scicluna, Maria Teresa
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Barbaro, Katia
  • Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.

Conflict of Interest Statement

Author F. Canonici was employed by the company Equine Practice srl. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Equine Practice srl company had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Barbaro K, Marconi G, Innocenzi E, Altigeri A, Zepparoni A, Monteleone V, Alimonti C, Marcoccia D, Ghisellini P, Rando C, Ottoboni S, Rau JV, Eggenhöffner R, Scicluna MT. Regenerative treatment of canine osteogenic lesions with Platelet-Rich Plasma and hydroxyapatite: a case report. Front Vet Sci 2024;11:1459714.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1459714pubmed: 39376921google scholar: lookup
  2. Pérez-Nogués M, Manso-Díaz G, Spirito M, López-Sanromán J. Treatment Comparison for Medial Femoral Condyle Subchondral Cystic Lesions and Prognosis in Yearling Thoroughbred Racehorse Prospects. Animals (Basel) 2024 Apr 6;14(7).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14071122pubmed: 38612360google scholar: lookup
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