Comparison of plasma l-lactate between jugular and cephalic veins in healthy and systemically ill horses using a point-of-care device.
Abstract: To compare plasma l-lactate (LAC) values between samples collected from jugular and cephalic venipuncture in healthy horses and systemically ill horses. Methods: Prospective, experimental study. Methods: Large animal university teaching hospital. Methods: Thirty healthy adult university-owned horses and 43 client-owned horses presenting to the large animal hospital for elective surgical procedures or for emergent medical evaluation of systemic illness. Methods: Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein (JV) and cephalic vein (CV) and placed in EDTA blood tubes prior to any medical therapy. LAC values were obtained with a handheld lactate meter at the time of blood collection. Results: LAC was higher in CV samples than JV samples in healthy horses (P < 0.001); however, all values were within the normal reference range. Similarly, LAC was higher in CV samples than JV samples in systemically ill horses (P < 0.001), but the median JV value was within normal reference range (1.9 mmol/L [17.1 mg/dL]), while the median CV value was outside the normal reference range (2.9 mmol/L [26.1 mg/dL]). Conclusions: The CV is an alternative venipuncture site for assessing plasma LAC if the JV is not accessible or to preserve the JV for subsequent catheterization. However, in ill horses, the CV value may be outside the reference range when the corresponding JV value would have been within the reference range.
© Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society 2024.
Publication Date: 2024-02-27 PubMed ID: 38412070DOI: 10.1111/vec.13364Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research paper investigates the differences between lactate levels taken from the jugular and cephalic veins in both healthy and sick horses. In ill horses, monitoring lactate levels is critical, but obtaining samples from the jugular vein can be difficult, suggesting the cephalic vein as an alternative.
Objective and Methodology
- The study aimed to compare plasma lactate (LAC) readings from the jugular vein (JV) and cephalic vein (CV) in both healthy and systemically ill horses.
- This was a prospective, experimental study carried out in a large animal university teaching hospital.
- The sample population consisted of 30 healthy, university-owned adult horses and 43 client-owned horses who were either undergoing elective surgical procedures or were brought in for emergency evaluation for systemic illness.
- Blood samples for the experiment were collected from the JV and CV of all horses using EDTA blood tubes prior to the administration of any medical therapy.
- A handheld lactate meter was used to obtain LAC values at the time of blood collection.
Results
- The researchers found that LAC readings were higher in CV samples than JV samples in healthy horses, but all these readings were within the normal reference range.
- For systemically ill horses too, LAC readings were higher in CV samples than JV samples, but unlike in healthy horses, the median CV values exceeded the normal reference range while the JV values remained within.
Conclusions
- The researchers concluded that the cephalic vein could serve as an alternative blood collection site when it is difficult or inappropriate to access the jugular vein, such as when it needs to be preserved for subsequent catheterization.
- However, they cautioned that in systemically ill horses, using the CV as a sample collection site could yield higher than normal LAC readings even when JV-based readings would have been within the normal range.
Cite This Article
APA
Rhodes AD, Wilkins PA, McCoy AM.
(2024).
Comparison of plasma l-lactate between jugular and cephalic veins in healthy and systemically ill horses using a point-of-care device.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio).
https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.13364 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
References
This article includes 11 references
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