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Home / Equine Research Bank / Drug Test Anal / Detection of methandienone and its metabolites in equine uri...
Drug testing and analysis2024; doi: 10.1002/dta.3633

Detection of methandienone and its metabolites in equine urine, plasma and hair following a multidose oral administration.

Abstract: Methandienone is an anabolic-androgenic steroid that is prohibited in equine sports due to its potential performance enhancing properties. Metabolism and detection of methandienone in equine urine have been investigated comprehensively in literature; however, there is a limited knowledge about its metabolites in equine plasma and no information about its detection in equine hair. Following a multi-dose oral administration of methandienone to two Thoroughbred horses, 17-epimethandienone, methyltestosterone, two mono-hydroxylated, two di-hydroxylated and three 17α-methylandrostanetriol metabolites were detected in plasma. The majority of these were present as free analytes, whilst the mono-hydroxylated metabolites and one isomer of 17α-methylandrostanetriol were partially conjugated. Estimated peak concentrations of methandienone were 6,000 and 11,100 pg/ml; meanwhile, they were 25.4 and 40.5 pg/ml for methyltestosterone. The most abundant analyte in the post-administration plasma samples of both horses was the mono-hydroxylated metabolite; however, the parent compound provided the longest detection (up to 96 h). Screening analysis of hair enabled the detection of methandienone in mane hair samples only, for up to 3 months. Its mono- and di-hydroxylated metabolites were detected with greater peak responses for up to 6 months post-administration in both mane and tail samples, showing that these metabolites could be better analytical targets for hair analysis when administered orally. A follow-up methodology with an extensive wash procedure confirmed the presence of methandienone and its metabolites in a number of post-administration hair samples. Final wash samples were also analysed to assess the degree of internal incorporation (via bloodstream) against possible external deposition (via sweat/sebum).
© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2024-01-17 PubMed ID: 38234065DOI: 10.1002/dta.3633Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates how methandienone and its metabolites, a performance-enhancing drug prohibited in horse racing, are present in horse urine, blood, and hair after oral administration. The study reveals the different metabolites in each and provides an estimate of how long the drug can be detected in each sample type.

Reflecting on Methandienone Metabolites

  • The study explores how methandienone, an anabolic-androgenic steroid, is metabolised and detected in horses post administration. Anabolic-androgenic steroids are used for their potential performance enhancing properties, but are banned substances in the world of horseracing and other equine sports.
  • Multiple metabolites of methandienone were identified in the plasma of the tested horses, including mono- and di-hydroxylated forms and three types of 17α-methylandrostanetriol metabolites. Most of these were found as free analytes, suggesting that the body didn’t attempt to excrete them. However, the mono-hydroxylated metabolites and one form of 17α-methylandrostanetriol were found to be partially conjugated, which means they were bound to other molecules, likely in preparation for excretion from the body.

Concentration Levels and Detection Timeframes

  • Estimated peak concentrations of methandienone in plasma were relatively high (between 6,000 and 11,100 pg/ml) whilst those of methyltestosterone, another steroid, were significantly lower (between 25.4 and 40.5 pg/ml).
  • The research also investigated how long the drug stays detectable in equine systems. While the most abundant compound found in post-administration plasma samples was observed to be the mono-hydroxylated metabolite, the parent compound (methandienone) had the longest detection period, with traces of this substance being found up to 96 hours after administration.

Methandienone Detection in Hair

  • Screening analysis of hair samples showed potential for the detection of methandienone and its metabolites for up to 3-6 months post-administration. This detection period was found to be different in mane hair samples versus tail samples, and it appears that the metabolites could be better targets for hair analysis compared to the parent compound itself, especially when the drug is administered orally.
  • The presence of methandienone and its metabolites in post-administration hair samples has been confirmed via a follow-up methodology; this method also included extensive washing procedures, which was useful in ascertaining whether the compound and its metabolites were incorporated into the hair internally (via the bloodstream) or deposited externally (via sweat/sebum).

Cite This Article

APA
Viljanto M, Love C, White D, Habershon-Butcher J, Hincks P, Gray B, Scarth J. (2024). Detection of methandienone and its metabolites in equine urine, plasma and hair following a multidose oral administration. Drug Test Anal. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3633

Publication

Drug testing and analysis
ISSN: 1942-7611
NlmUniqueID: 101483449
Country: England
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

Viljanto, Marjaana
  • LGC, Fordham, Ely, UK.
Love, Catherine
  • LGC, Fordham, Ely, UK.
White, Daniel
  • LGC, Fordham, Ely, UK.
Habershon-Butcher, Jocelyn
  • British Horseracing Authority, London, UK.
Hincks, Pamela
  • LGC, Fordham, Ely, UK.
Gray, Bobby
  • LGC, Fordham, Ely, UK.
Scarth, James
  • LGC, Fordham, Ely, UK.

Grant Funding

  • British Horseracing Authority

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