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Veterinary sciences2023; 10(9); doi: 10.3390/vetsci10090540

Development and Degeneration of the Intervertebral Disc-Insights from Across Species.

Abstract: Back pain caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration has a major socio-economic impact in humans, yet historically has received minimal attention in species other than humans, mice and dogs. However, a general growing interest in this unique organ prompted the expansion of IVD research in rats, rabbits, cats, horses, monkeys, and cows, further illuminating the complex nature of the organ in both healthy and degenerative states. Application of recent biotechnological advancements, including single cell RNA sequencing and complex data analysis methods has begun to explain the shifting inflammatory signaling, variation in cellular subpopulations, differential gene expression, mechanical loading, and metabolic stresses which contribute to age and stress related degeneration of the IVD. This increase in IVD research across species introduces a need for chronicling IVD advancements and tissue biomarkers both within and between species. Here we provide a comprehensive review of recent single cell RNA sequencing data alongside existing case reports and histo/morphological data to highlight the cellular complexity and metabolic challenges of this unique organ that is of structural importance for all vertebrates.
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Publication Date: 2023-08-24 PubMed ID: 37756062PubMed Central: PMC10534844DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10090540Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This article discusses the development and degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD) across different species, with a focus on how advancements in biotechnology are facilitating research. It highlights the various factors that lead to age and stress-related degeneration in IVD and emphasizes the need for a comprehensive record of IVD advancements.

Expanded IVD Research Across Species

  • The research on Intervertebral Disc (IVD) degeneration, which causes significant back pain in humans, has been historically focused on humans, mice, and dogs. Recently, this has expanded to include a wider range of animals such as rats, rabbits, cats, horses, monkeys, and cows.
  • The expansion is fuelled by growing interest in understanding the IVD, which is a critical organ in all vertebrates. Research is now looking at how the IVD behaves in both healthy and degenerative states in these numerous species.

Biotechnological Advancements in IVD Research

  • Modern biotechnological tools, such as single cell RNA sequencing and complex data analysis methods, have been instrumental in giving a better understanding of IVD degeneration.
  • These techniques have revealed factors such as changing inflammatory signalling, variations in cellular subpopulations, differential gene expression, mechanical loading, and metabolic stresses that contribute to age and stress related degeneration of the IVD.

Need for Chronicling IVD Advancements

  • With the increasing volume of IVD research across multiple species, there is a strong necessity for a systematic record of advancements in IVD studies and tissue biomarkers.
  • This is important not only within each species but also for comparative analyses between different species. Comprehensive records would help the understanding of both the cellular complexity and metabolic challenges facing the IVD.

Comprehensive Review of IVD Research

  • In the article, the authors present a review of recent single cell RNA sequencing data, alongside relevant case reports and histo/morphological data.
  • Their aim is to underline the complexities and challenges inherent in understanding the IVD. This is relevant as the organ plays an essential structural role in all vertebrates, and its degeneration can lead to significant problems, such as back pain in humans.

Cite This Article

APA
Murphy K, Lufkin T, Kraus P. (2023). Development and Degeneration of the Intervertebral Disc-Insights from Across Species. Vet Sci, 10(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10090540

Publication

Veterinary sciences
ISSN: 2306-7381
NlmUniqueID: 101680127
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 9

Researcher Affiliations

Murphy, Kathryn
  • Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA.
Lufkin, Thomas
  • Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA.
Kraus, Petra
  • Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA.

Grant Funding

  • R15 HD099588 / NICHD NIH HHS
  • HD099588-01 / NIH HHS

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

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