Effects of high and low inspired fractions of oxygen on horse erythrocyte membrane properties, blood viscosity and muscle oxygenation during anaesthesia.
Abstract: To evaluate whether a period of hyperoxia or after a period of hypoxia produced changes attributable to reactive oxygen species in anaesthetized horses. Methods: Prospective randomized experimental study. Methods: Six healthy (ASA I) geldings, aged 4.5-9.5 years and weighing 510-640 kg(-1). Methods: After 30 minutes breathing air as carrier gas for isoflurane, horses were assigned randomly to breathe air as carrier gas (CG0.21) or oxygen as carrier gas (CG1.00) for a further 90 minutes. After an interval of 1 month each horse was re-anaesthetized with the other carrier gas for the 90 minute test period. Ventilation was controlled throughout anaesthesia. Arterial blood was sampled to measure gas tensions, lactate, cholesterol, vitamin E, 4-hydroxy-alkenals, 8-epi-PGF(2 alpha), half haemolysis time, half erythrolysis time, and erythrocyte membrane fluidity. Muscle blood flow and oxygenation were evaluated by near infrared spectroscopy and coloured Doppler. Results: After the first 30 minutes horses were hypoxemic. Subsequently the CG1.00 group became hyperoxaemic (PaO(2) approximately 240 mmHg) whereas the CG0.21 group remained hypoxaemic (PaO(2) approximately 60 mmHg) and had increased lactate concentration. No significant changes in vitamin E, 4-hydroxy-alkenals, or 8-epi-PGF(2 alpha) concentrations were detected. During the 90 minute test period the CG0.21 group had increased resistance to free-radical-mediated lysis in erythrocytes, whereas the CG1.00 group had slightly decreased resistance of whole blood to haemolysis. CG0.21 induced a progressive muscle deoxygenation whereas CG1.00 induced an increase in muscle oxygen saturation followed by progressive deoxygenation towards baseline. Conclusions: and clinical relevance During isoflurane anaesthesia in horses, the hyperoxia induced by changing from air to oxygen induced minimal damage from reactive oxygen species. Using air as the carrier gas decreased skeletal muscle oxygenation compared with using oxygen.
Publication Date: 2009-05-12 PubMed ID: 19470146DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2009.00459.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
Summary
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This research studied the effects of high and low oxygen levels on horse erythrocyte membrane properties, blood viscosity, and muscle oxygenation during anaesthesia.
Methodology
- The research subjects were six healthy geldings all within the ages of 4.5 to 9.5 years and weighing between 510 to 640 kg.
- The horses underwent anaesthesia two times with an interval of one month. During the first time, the horses were divided into two groups based on their randomized breathing treatments which were treatment with air as a carrier gas or oxygen as carrier gas for isoflurane.
- Each horse was then reassigned to the other carrier gas for the subsequent month.
- The researchers controlled the horses’ ventilation during the anaesthesia and used arterial blood samples to measure various elements such as gas tensions, lactate, cholesterol, vitamin E, 4-hydroxy-alkenals, 8-epi-PGF(2 alpha), half haemolysis time, half erythrolysis time, and erythrocyte membrane fluidity.
- Blood flow and oxygenation in the muscles were examined using near-infrared spectroscopy and coloured Doppler techniques.
Results
- The initial 30 minutes of the procedure left the horses hypoxemic (low oxygen in the blood). The horses in the group with oxygen as the carrier gas became hyperoxaemic (excessively high oxygen levels), while the other group remained hypoxemic, and their lactate concentration rose.
- No significant changes were detected in the horses’ vitamin E, 4-hydroxy-alkenals, or 8-epi-PGF(2 alpha) concentrations.
- Throughout the 90-minute period, the air group demonstrated increased resistance to lysis (breaking down) of erythrocytes due to free radicals, while the oxygen group displayed a slight decrease in whole blood’s resistance to haemolysis (destruction of red blood cells).
- The air group faced progressive muscle deoxygenation, while the oxygen group displayed an increase in muscle oxygen saturation followed by gradual deoxygenation towards the baseline.
Conclusions
- The change from air to oxygen as the carrier gas for isoflurane anaesthesia in horses resulted in hyperoxia with minimal resultant damage from reactive oxygen species.
- However, using air as the carrier gas led to a decrease in skeletal muscle oxygenation compared to when using oxygen.
Cite This Article
APA
Portier K, Crouzier D, Guichardant M, Prost M, Debouzy JC, Kirschvink N, Fellmann N, Lekeux P, Coudert J.
(2009).
Effects of high and low inspired fractions of oxygen on horse erythrocyte membrane properties, blood viscosity and muscle oxygenation during anaesthesia.
Vet Anaesth Analg, 36(4), 287-298.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.2009.00459.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon, Equine Department, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France. k.portier@vet-lyon.fr
MeSH Terms
- Anesthesia, General / veterinary
- Animals
- Blood Viscosity / physiology
- Cell Membrane / drug effects
- Erythrocytes / physiology
- Horses / blood
- Horses / physiology
- Lipid Peroxidation
- Male
- Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
- Oxygen / metabolism
- Oxygen / pharmacology
- Oxygen Consumption / physiology
- Reactive Oxygen Species
- Vitamin E / blood
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Savvas I, Pavlidou K, Braun C, Schauvliege S, Staffieri F, Moens Y. Evaluation of the Effect of the Inspired Oxygen Fraction on Blood Oxygenation during Inhalant Anaesthesia in Horses: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jul 30;11(8).
- Santangelo B, Robin A, Simpson K, Potier J, Guichardant M, Portier K. The Modification and Performance of a Large Animal Anesthesia Machine (Tafonius(®)) in Order to Deliver Xenon to a Horse. Front Vet Sci 2017;4:162.
- Hubbell JA, Aarnes TK, Bednarski RM, Lerche P, Muir WW. Effect of 50% and maximal inspired oxygen concentrations on respiratory variables in isoflurane-anesthetized horses. BMC Vet Res 2011 Jun 3;7:23.
- Frabasile L, Amendola C, Buttafava M, Chincarini M, Contini D, Cozzi B, De Zani D, Guerri G, Lacerenza M, Minero M, Petrizzi L, Qiu L, Rabbogliatti V, Rossi E, Spinelli L, Straticò P, Vignola G, Zani DD, Dalla Costa E, Torricelli A. Non-invasive estimation of in vivo optical properties and hemodynamic parameters of domestic animals: a preliminary study on horses, dogs, and sheep. Front Vet Sci 2023;10:1243325.
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