Omneity® Pellets
All-In-One Vitamin & Mineral Pellet
Effects of live and pasteurized forms of Lactobacillus casei Zhang on acute kidney injury and chronic renal fibrosis.
Abstract: Lactobacillus casei Zhang (Lac.z), isolated from traditional sour horse milk in Inner Mongolia, can alleviate various diseases and promote health. Our previous studies found that pretreatment with live Lac.z (L-Lac.z) could significantly attenuate acute kidney injury and delay the progression of chronic renal fibrosis. However, it is unknown whether these effects could be maintained by pasteurized Lac.z (P-Lac.z). Mouse models of acute kidney injury and chronic renal fibrosis induced by renal bilateral ischemia-reperfusion (BIR) surgery were treated with L-Lac.z or P-Lac.z by gavage. Serum and kidney samples were collected to analyze the extent of renal injury and fibrosis, and proteomics was used to explore the potential mechanisms underlying the differences in the effects of the two forms of Lac.z. The results revealed that treatment with L-Lac.z led to a reduction in serum urea nitrogen levels and in less renal tubular injury and subsequent renal fibrosis after BIR-induced renal injury, whereas these effects were not observed in the P-Lac.z group. Proteomic analysis revealed 19 up-regulated proteins and 39 down-regulated proteins in the P-Lac.z group, and these gene products were associated with growth and stress resistance. The specific nephroprotective effects of L-Lac.z may be independent of the interaction of live probiotics with the host.
© 2024. The Author(s).
Publication Date: 2024-08-26 PubMed ID: 39222221PubMed Central: 4931701DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01491-yGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research article investigates the effect of both live and pasteurized Lactobacillus casei Zhang (a bacteria strain) on acute kidney injury and chronic renal fibrosis. It confirms the beneficial impact of pretreatment with the live form but finds no such benefits in the pasteurized version.
Objective and Methodology
- The aim of the study was to compare the effects of live and pasteurized forms of a bacteria strain known as Lactobacillus casei Zhang (Lac.z) on acute kidney injury and chronic renal fibrosis.
- This bacteria has previously shown potential in preventing and managing these kidney conditions when administered in a live form.
- However, whether the benefits extend to its pasteurized form (a process which kills bacteria but maintains some of its properties) was not known. Hence, the study sought to test the effects of both versions.
- The researchers did this by introducing both forms of the bacteria to mouse models that had induced kidney injuries. The subjects were treated via gavage (oral cramming of food treatment into the stomach).
- After treatment, the serum and kidney samples were taken from the mice for further analysis of kidney damage and fibrosis to compare the effects of both forms of Lac.z.
Findings
- The results proved that the live Lac.z was effective in reducing serum urea nitrogen levels, meaning less kidney damage and subsequent kidney fibrosis. This was measured after testing the mice for bilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury, a standard method to test kidney problems.
- Unfortunately, these positive effects were not observed in the pasteurized Lac.z group. The severity of the renal injury and fibrosis failed to minimize in the treated mice.
Analysis
- Proteomics (study of proteins) was also used to explore why there was a difference in the impacts of the two forms of the bacteria. This research found that there were 19 up-regulated proteins and 39 down-regulated proteins in the group that was treated with pasteurized Lac.z.
- These protein changes were linked to growth and resistance to stress, suggesting some interaction may have caused the pasteurized Lac.z to be less effective.
- The study therefore concludes that the specific effects of Lac.z in protecting the kidneys are possibly independent of the interaction of live probiotics with the host, emphasizing the potential benefits of treatment with the live form of Lac.z.
Cite This Article
APA
Wang X, Shi M, Cao C, Zeng R, Yao Y.
(2024).
Effects of live and pasteurized forms of Lactobacillus casei Zhang on acute kidney injury and chronic renal fibrosis.
Braz J Microbiol.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-024-01491-y Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China. zengrui@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn.
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China. yaoyingkk@126.com.
- Division of Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China. yaoyingkk@126.com.
Grant Funding
- 82170701 / National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82370700 / National Natural Science Foundation of China
References
This article includes 43 references
- See EJ, Jayasinghe K, Glassford N, Bailey M, Johnson DW, Polkinghorne KR, Toussaint ND, Bellomo R. Long-term risk of adverse outcomes after acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies using consensus definitions of exposure. Kidney Int 95:160–172.
- Doyle JF, Forni LG. Acute kidney injury: short-term and long-term effects. Crit Care 20:188.
- Chawla LS, Eggers PW, Star RA, Kimmel PL. Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease as interconnected syndromes. N Engl J Med 371:58–66.
- Thursby E, Juge N. Introduction to the human gut microbiota. Biochem J 474:1823–1836.
- Liang D, Leung RK, Guan W, Au WW. Correction to: involvement of gut microbiome in human health and disease: brief overview, knowledge gaps and research opportunities. Gut Pathog 11:57.
- Wang X, Yang S, Li S, Zhao L, Hao Y, Qin J, Zhang L, Zhang C, Bian W, Zuo L, Gao X, Zhu B, Lei XG, Gu Z, Cui W, Xu X, Li Z, Zhu B, Li Y, Chen S, Guo H, Zhang H, Sun J, Zhang M, Hui Y, Zhang X, Liu X, Sun B, Wang L, Qiu Q, Zhang Y, Li X, Liu W, Xue R, Wu H, Shao D, Li J, Zhou Y, Li S, Yang R, Pedersen OB, Yu Z, Ehrlich SD, Ren F. Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents. Gut 69:2131–2142.
- Li X, Liu Y, Guo X, Ma Y, Zhang H, Liang H. Effect of Lactobacillus casei on lipid metabolism and intestinal microflora in patients with alcoholic liver injury. Eur J Clin Nutr 75:1227–1236.
- Zhang Y, Ma C, Zhao J, Xu H, Hou Q, Zhang H. Lactobacillus casei Zhang and vitamin K2 prevent intestinal tumorigenesis in mice via adiponectin-elevated different signaling pathways. Oncotarget 8:24719–24727.
- Maji A, Misra R, Dhakan DB, Gupta V, Mahato NK, Saxena R, Mittal P, Thukral N, Sharma E, Singh A, Virmani R, Gaur M, Singh H, Hasija Y, Arora G, Agrawal A, Chaudhry A, Khurana JP, Sharma VK, Lal R, Singh Y. Gut microbiome contributes to impairment of immunity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients by alteration of butyrate and propionate producers. Environ Microbiol 20:402–419.
- Wang S, Lv D, Jiang S, Jiang J, Liang M, Hou F, Chen Y. Quantitative reduction in short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, contributes to the progression of chronic kidney disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 133:1857–1870.
- Azzouz D, Omarbekova A, Heguy A, Schwudke D, Gisch N, Rovin BH, Caricchio R, Buyon JP, Alekseyenko AV, Silverman GJ. Lupus nephritis is linked to disease-activity associated expansions and immunity to a gut commensal. Ann Rheum Dis 78:947–956.
- Sircana A, De Michieli F, Parente R, Framarin L, Leone N, Berrutti M, Paschetta E, Bongiovanni D, Musso G. Gut microbiota, hypertension and chronic kidney disease: recent advances. Pharmacol Res 144:390–408.
- Zhao L, Zhang F, Ding X, Wu G, Lam YY, Wang X, Fu H, Xue X, Lu C, Ma J, Yu L, Xu C, Ren Z, Xu Y, Xu S, Shen H, Zhu X, Shi Y, Shen Q, Dong W, Liu R, Ling Y, Zeng Y, Wang X, Zhang Q, Wang J, Wang L, Wu Y, Zeng B, Wei H, Zhang M, Peng Y, Zhang C. Gut bacteria selectively promoted by dietary fibers alleviate type 2 diabetes. Science 359:1151–1156.
- Koppe L, Mafra D, Fouque D. Probiotics and chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 88:958–966.
- Tsai YL, Lin TL, Chang CJ, Wu TR, Lai WF, Lu CC, Lai HC. Probiotics, prebiotics and amelioration of diseases. J Biomed Sci 26:3.
- Markowiak P, Śliżewska K. Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics on Human Health. Nutrients 9.
- Sekirov I, Russell SL, Antunes LC, Finlay BB. Gut microbiota in health and disease. Physiol Rev 90:859–904.
- Tang WH, Kitai T, Hazen SL. Gut microbiota in Cardiovascular Health and Disease. Circ Res 120:1183–1196.
- Nallu A, Sharma S, Ramezani A, Muralidharan J, Raj D. Gut microbiome in chronic kidney disease: challenges and opportunities. Transl Res 179:24–37.
- Liu Y, Li YJ, Loh YW, Singer J, Zhu W, Macia L, Mackay CR, Wang W, Chadban SJ, Wu H. Fiber derived Microbial metabolites prevent acute kidney Injury through G-Protein coupled receptors and HDAC inhibition. Front Cell Dev Biol 9:648639.
- Tourountzis T, Lioulios G, Fylaktou A, Moysidou E, Papagianni A, Stangou M. Microbiome in chronic kidney disease. Life (Basel) 12.
- Favero C, Giordano L, Mihaila SM, Masereeuw R, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD. Postbiotics and kidney disease. Toxins (Basel) 14.
- von Ossowski I, Pietilä TE, Rintahaka J, Nummenmaa E, Mäkinen VM, Reunanen J, Satokari R, de Vos WM, Palva I, Palva A. Using recombinant Lactococci as an approach to dissect the immunomodulating capacity of surface piliation in probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. PLoS ONE 8:e64416.
- Maslowski KM, Vieira AT, Ng A, Kranich J, Sierro F, Yu D, Schilter HC, Rolph MS, Mackay F, Artis D, Xavier RJ, Teixeira MM, Mackay CR. Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43. Nature 461:1282–1286.
- Felizardo RJF, Watanabe IKM, Dardi P, Rossoni LV, Câmara NOS. The interplay among gut microbiota, hypertension and kidney diseases: the role of short-chain fatty acids. Pharmacol Res 141:366–377.
- He Q, Zhang Y, Ma D, Zhang W, Zhang H. Lactobacillus casei Zhang exerts anti-obesity effect to obese glut1 and gut-specific-glut1 knockout mice via gut microbiota modulation mediated different metagenomic pathways. Eur J Nutr 61:2003–2014.
- Wang Y, Xie J, Li Y, Dong S, Liu H, Chen J, Wang Y, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Probiotic Lactobacillus casei Zhang reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production and hepatic inflammation in a rat model of acute liver failure. Eur J Nutr 55:821–831.
- Zhang Y, Hou Q, Ma C, Zhao J, Xu H, Li W, Wang Y, Ma H, Zhang H, Sun Z. Lactobacillus casei protects dextran sodium sulfate- or rapamycin-induced colonic inflammation in the mouse. Eur J Nutr 59:1443–1451.
- Zhang Y, Wang L, Zhang J, Li Y, He Q, Li H, Guo X, Guo J, Zhang H. Probiotic Lactobacillus casei Zhang ameliorates high-fructose-induced impaired glucose tolerance in hyperinsulinemia rats. Eur J Nutr 53:221–232.
- Zhu H, Cao C, Wu Z, Zhang H, Sun Z, Wang M, Xu H, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Pei G, Yang Q, Zhu F, Yang J, Deng X, Hong Y, Li Y, Sun J, Zhu F, Shi M, Qian K, Ye T, Zuo X, Zhao F, Guo J, Xu G, Yao Y, Zeng R. The probiotic L. Casei Zhang slows the progression of acute and chronic kidney disease. Cell Metab 33:2091–2093.
- Ashrafian F, Keshavarz Azizi Raftar S, Shahryari A, Behrouzi A, Yaghoubfar R, Lari A, Moradi HR, Khatami S, Omrani MD, Vaziri F, Masotti A, Siadat SD. Comparative effects of alive and pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila on normal diet-fed mice. Sci Rep 11:17898.
- Choi Y, Bose S, Seo J, Shin JH, Lee D, Kim Y, Kang SG, Kim H. Effects of Live and pasteurized forms of Akkermansia from the human gut on obesity and metabolic dysregulation. Microorganisms 9.
- Keshavarz Azizi Raftar S, Ashrafian F, Yadegar A, Lari A, Moradi HR, Shahriary A, Azimirad M, Alavifard H, Mohsenifar Z, Davari M, Vaziri F, Moshiri A, Siadat SD, Zali MR. The Protective effects of Live and Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila and its extracellular vesicles against HFD/CCl4-Induced Liver Injury. Microbiol Spectr 9:e0048421.
- Fu L, Xie M, Wang C, Qian Y, Huang J, Sun Z, Zhang H, Wang Y. Lactobacillus Casei Zhang Alleviates Shrimp Tropomyosin-Induced Food Allergy by switching antibody isotypes through the NF-κB-Dependent Immune Tolerance. Mol Nutr Food Res 64:e1900496.
- Shi M, Yue Y, Ma C, Dong L, Chen F. Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila ameliorate the LPS-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction via modulating AMPK and NF-κB through TLR2 in Caco-2 cells. Nutrients 14.
- Zeng M, He S, Hao J, Zhao Y, Zheng C. iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis of heteromorphic leaves reveals eco-adaptability of Populus Euphratica Oliv.. J Plant Physiol 271:153644.
- Wen B, Zhou R, Feng Q, Wang Q, Wang J, Liu S. IQuant: an automated pipeline for quantitative proteomics based upon isobaric tags. Proteomics 14:2280–2285.
- Cani PD, de Vos WM. Next-Generation Beneficial microbes: the case of Akkermansia muciniphila. Front Microbiol 8:1765.
- Plovier H, Everard A, Druart C, Depommier C, Van Hul M, Geurts L, Chilloux J, Ottman N, Duparc T, Lichtenstein L, Myridakis A, Delzenne NM, Klievink J, Bhattacharjee A, van der Ark KC, Aalvink S, Martinez LO, Dumas ME, Maiter D, Loumaye A, Hermans MP, Thissen JP, Belzer C, de Vos WM, Cani PD. A purified membrane protein from Akkermansia muciniphila or the pasteurized bacterium improves metabolism in obese and diabetic mice. Nat Med 23:107–113.
- Jorjão AL, de Oliveira FE, Leão MV, Carvalho CA, Jorge AO, de Oliveira LD. Live and Heat-Killed Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 May Induce Modulatory Cytokines Profiles on Macrophages RAW 264.7. ScientificWorldJournal 2015:716749.
- Kabiri-Arani S, Motallebi M, Taheri MA, Kheiripour N, Ardjmand A, Aghadavod E, Shahaboddin ME. The effect of heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum on oxidative stress and liver damage in rats with bile Duct Ligation-Induced hepatic fibrosis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins .
- Sugahara H, Yao R, Odamaki T, Xiao JZ. Differences between live and heat-killed bifidobacteria in the regulation of immune function and the intestinal environment. Benef Microbes 8:463–472.
- Piqué N, Berlanga M, Miñana-Galbis D. Health benefits of heat-killed (Tyndallized) Probiotics: an overview. Int J Mol Sci 20.
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Jin Y, Zhang SJ, Zhuang S, Li P, Miao H, Zhao YY. Microbiota-gut-kidney axis in health and renal disease. Int J Biol Sci 2026;22(2):750-770.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
