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The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2006; 47(6); 551-559;

Equine gastrointestinal motility–ileus and pharmacological modification.

Abstract: Colic is a common problem encountered in equine practice. Alteration of gastrointestinal motility is often the underlying cause for abdominal pain. Gastrointestinal motility can be measured as myoelectric activity, mechanical activity, and transit of intraluminal contents. Regulation of motility is based on a complex interaction between central innervation, autonomic innervation, and the enteric nervous system. Various humoral and neurochemical substances are required to interact flawlessly to allow propulsive motility. Ileus is defined as the absence of propulsive aboral movement of gastrointestinal contents, irrespective of its pathophysiology. Potential etiologies for ileus are described in this review. The prokinetic drugs available for clinical use are discussed. Choosing the appropriate prokinetic drug requires knowledge about the complex nature of gastrointestinal motility and its abnormalities. Blessures par piquants de porcs-épics chez le chien : rétrospective de 296 cas (1998–2002). Le but de cette étude rétrospective était d’identifier les facteurs associés aux blessures par piquants chez les chiens. Un deuxième objectif était de déterminer le risque de complications et tout facteur pouvant aider à prévoir le risque de complications. Les dossiers médicaux de 296 blessures par piquants de porcs-épics chez le chien ont été étudiés entre 1998 et 2002. On a constaté une augmentation de l’éventualité d’une rencontre avec les porcs-épics au printemps et en automne; les Huskies sibériens, Rottweilers et Bergers allemands de races croisées étaient significativement plus à risque d’être blessés par les piquants. Il n’y avait pas d’association entre le risque de complications et le nombre de piquants ou l’utilisation d’antimicrobiens. L’augmentation de la période de temps écoulée entre la blessure par piquants et la présentation était associée à un risque accru de complications. À cause de l’augmentation de la fréquence des complications reliées à l’allongement de l’intervalle entre la blessure et la présentation, les clients devraient être fermement encouragés à apporter leur chien dès qu’ils s’aperçoivent de l’incident. Les chiens présentés après 24 h devraient être étroitement surveillés au cours des 3 semaines suivantes puisque la majorité des complications surviennent à ce moment. (Traduit par Docteur André Blouin)
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Publication Date: 2006-07-01 PubMed ID: 16808227PubMed Central: PMC1461410
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focuses on equine colic, precisely on the alteration of the horses’ gastrointestinal motility often resulting in abdominal pain. It outlines the different ways of measuring this motility, the potential causes of ileus (a disruption of the normal propulsive ability of the gastrointestinal tract), and the various drugs available for clinical use in managing this condition.

Understanding Gastrointestinal Motility and Ileus in Equines

  • The study outlines gastrointestinal motility in horses as a phenomenon that can be measured through myoelectric activity, mechanical activity, and the transit of intraluminal contents. The streamlining of these processes is critical to the overall health of the animal.
  • The regulation of this motility is based on a complex interaction of central innervation, autonomic innervation and the enteric nervous system of the horse.
  • Ileus, a condition defined as the absence of forward movement of gastrointestinal contents, can result from this complexity. The condition, irrespective of its pathophysiology, often leads to abdominal pain commonly referred to as colic.

Causes of Ileus and Available Prokinetic Drugs

  • This research reviews various potential causes of ileus, enhancing understanding of the disorder in a bid to improve diagnosis and treatment in horses.
  • Among the strategies proposed for managing this condition are the use of prokinetic drugs. These medications work to enhance or restore the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, which is often impaired in cases of ileus.
  • The choice of the appropriate prokinetic drug should be informed by the intricate nature of gastrointestinal motility and its peculiar irregularities. Understanding these complexities enhances the effectiveness of the pharmacological intervention.

Factors Associated with Porcupine Quill Injuries in Dogs

  • The study also investigates factors connected with porcupine quill injuries in dogs and aims to determine the risk of complications and predictive complications factors.
  • It reviews medical records of 296 quill injuries in dogs between 1998 and 2002. The findings indicate an increase in encounters with porcupines during spring and autumn, with Siberian Huskies, Rottweilers, and mixed-breed German Shepherds at greater risk.
  • There’s no direct correlation between the risk of complications and the number of quills or the use of antimicrobials. However, the study finds out that the longer the duration between the quill injury and presentation, the higher the risk of complications.
  • Due to the increased frequency of complications correlated with the lengthened interval between injury and presentation, dog owners are advised to seek veterinary attention as soon as they notice the incident. Dogs presented after 24 hours should be closely monitored over the following 3 weeks since most complications occur during this period.

Cite This Article

APA
Koenig J, Cote N. (2006). Equine gastrointestinal motility–ileus and pharmacological modification. Can Vet J, 47(6), 551-559.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 47
Issue: 6
Pages: 551-559

Researcher Affiliations

Koenig, Judith
  • Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1. jkoenig@ovc.uoguelph.ca
Cote, Nathalie

    MeSH Terms

    • Abdominal Pain / etiology
    • Abdominal Pain / veterinary
    • Animals
    • Colic / drug therapy
    • Colic / etiology
    • Colic / veterinary
    • Gastrointestinal Agents / therapeutic use
    • Gastrointestinal Motility / drug effects
    • Gastrointestinal Motility / physiology
    • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
    • Horse Diseases / etiology
    • Horses
    • Ileus / drug therapy
    • Ileus / etiology
    • Ileus / veterinary

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