Equine sarcoids: A clinicopathologic study of 49 cases, with mitotic count and clinical type predictive of recurrence.
Abstract: Sarcoids are common mesenchymal neoplasms of horses. Although there are few studies in which sarcoids have been followed over a long period of time, sarcoids are considered locally invasive and have been reported to frequently recur following surgical excision. Currently, no histological features have been identified to predict which sarcoids will recur after excision. The present study comprised 49 sarcoids for which histology sections were available and in which the recurrence status of the case was known. Each sarcoid was excised from a different horse. Overall, 12 of the 49 (24%) sarcoids recurred after surgical excision. Mitotic count (MC), cellularity, necrosis, nuclear pleomorphism, and inflammation of the sarcoids were evaluated histologically. Of these, MC correlated with recurrence. Four of 5 (80%) sarcoids with an MC ≥ 20 in 2.37 mm recurred, which was a significantly higher recurrence rate than that of sarcoids with an MC < 20, 8 of 44 cases recurred (18%), = .0051. Clinical type was also found to correlate with recurrence. Three of 4 (75%) fibroblastic types recurred, which was a significantly higher recurrence rate than that of sarcoids with other clinical types, 9 of 45 cases (18%), < .001. In addition, univariate Cox regression analysis confirmed fibroblastic type and MC ≥ 20 as significant predictors for recurrence ( = .016 and = .005, respectively). To the authors' knowledge, this is the first large study examining recurrence rates in sarcoids, and the first time that histological features have been correlated with recurrence.
Publication Date: 2023-11-08 PubMed ID: 37937724DOI: 10.1177/03009858231209408Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research study investigates the recurrence of equine sarcoids (common horse tumors) after surgical removal, with findings suggesting that a high mitotic count and type of sarcoid are predictive factors for recurrence.
Objective of the Study
- The main objective of this study was to identify histological features that might be able to predict the recurrence of equine sarcoids following their surgical removal. The authors set out to study 49 different instances of equine sarcoids for which both histology sections and the recurrence status of the animal was known.
Observations and Findings
- Out of the 49 cases studied, sarcoids recurred after excision in 12 (24%) cases.
- The researchers analysed several factors including mitotic count (MC), cellularity, necrosis, nuclear pleomorphism, and inflammation of the sarcoids based on histological evaluation.
- The study found that the mitotic count, which indicates the number of cells in the process of dividing, correlated with the recurrence of sarcoids. A mitotic count of 20 or more in a 2.37 mm section of the sarcoid was associated with a significantly higher recurrence rate (80%), compared to sarcoids with a mitotic count of less than 20 (18%).
- The clinical type of sarcoid was also related to recurrence. Of the studied cases, fibroblastic types of sarcoids, which means they are made predominantly of fibroblastic or connective tissue cells, recurred in 75% of instances, which is significantly higher than sarcoids of other clinical types, with a recurrence rate of 18%.
Contributions and Implications
- Through statistical analysis, namely univariate Cox regression analysis, the study confirmed that sarcoids of the fibroblastic type and those with a high mitotic count are significant predictors for recurrence.
- The research contributes significant new knowledge to the study of equine sarcoids, as it’s the first large-scale study to examine recurrence rates and correlate histological features with recurrence. Such insights may play a crucial role in developing effective treatment strategies for equine sarcoids.
Cite This Article
APA
Karalus W, Subharat S, Orbell G, Vaatstra B, Munday JS.
(2023).
Equine sarcoids: A clinicopathologic study of 49 cases, with mitotic count and clinical type predictive of recurrence.
Vet Pathol, 3009858231209408.
https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858231209408 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
- Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
- Gribbles Veterinary, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
- Gribbles Veterinary, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
- Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Conflict of Interest Statement
Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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