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Home / Equine Research Bank / Parasitol Res / Equine tapeworm (Anoplocephala spp.) infection: evaluation o...
Parasitology research2023; 122(12); 3037-3052; doi: 10.1007/s00436-023-07994-1

Equine tapeworm (Anoplocephala spp.) infection: evaluation of saliva- and serum-based antibody detection methods and risk factor analysis in Slovak horse populations.

Abstract: A lack of accurate information on the prevalence and distribution of Anoplocephala spp. infections on horse farms has led to insufficient attention to tapeworm control and increasing horse anoplocephaloses in Europe. Our study aimed to examine the occurrence of Anoplocephala spp. infection using coprological, serum- and saliva-based antibody detection methods and to analyze the risk factors associated with tapeworm infection in domestic horses in Slovakia. Fecal, serum, and saliva samples were collected from 427 horses from 31 farms in Slovakia. Additionally, a questionnaire study was conducted to collect information on tapeworm distribution on horse farms and analyze risk factors associated with infection. Fecal samples were examined by the mini-FLOTAC and the double centrifugation/combined sedimentation-flotation techniques. Serum and saliva samples were analyzed by ELISA to determine antibody levels against Anoplocephala spp. The effects of variables associated with an individual horse were tested for the positive result of the saliva ELISA test on Anoplocephala spp. Cestode eggs were detected in 1.99% of fecal samples (farm prevalence 12.90%), with no differences between the two coprological methods. Serum-based tapeworm ELISA results revealed that 39.39% of horses tested positive (farm prevalence 83.87%); while saliva-based tapeworm ELISA results revealed 56.95% positive horses (farm prevalence 96.77%). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed four meaningful predictors that significantly impacted the likelihood of detecting tapeworm infection in horses: horse age, pasture size, anthelmintic treatment scheme, and access to pasture. The influences of other variables associated with an individual horse were not significantly associated with detecting tapeworm infection.
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Publication Date: 2023-10-07 PubMed ID: 37803152PubMed Central: PMC10667452DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07994-1Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses the prevalence and spread of Anoplocephala spp., a type of tapeworm, in horse populations in Slovakia. It reveals significant findings about the species using different detection methods and determines several risk factors.

Research Methodology

  • The research was carried out on 427 horses across 31 farms in Slovakia. Fecal, serum, and saliva samples were gathered from the animals.
  • Risk factors linked to tapeworm outbreak were gathered through a questionnaire.
  • The fecal samples were analyzed using two techniques — mini-FLOTAC and combined sedimentation-flotation — to detect cestode eggs.
  • Serum and saliva samples were examined via ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) to measure antibody levels against Anoplocephala spp.
  • The influence of various factors associated with each horse was tested against the positive saliva ELISA results for tapeworm infection.

Findings

  • The research found evidence of cestode eggs in 1.99% of the fecal samples. About 12.90% of the farms were affected, with no significant differences between the two fecal analysis methods.
  • Further, 39.39% of the horses tested positive for tapeworm infection according to the serum-based ELISA results, affecting about 83.87% of farms. The saliva-based tests showed a higher percentage of positive results, roughly 56.95% of horses across 96.77% of the farms, were infected.

Main Risk Factors

  • Binary logistic regression analysis was leveraged to identify the major predictors influencing tapeworm infection in horses. Four key factors were identified as significantly impacting the likelihood of infection: the age of the horse, the size of the pasture, the anthelmintic treatment scheme, and whether the horse had access to a pasture.
  • Other variables related to individual horses were found to have no significant connection to the presence of tapeworm infections.

The objective of the research to better understand the prevalence and spread of Anoplocephala spp. within horse populations and to efficiently target control measures was met by giving attention to the age of horses, size of pastures, treatment procedures, and access to pastures, as these factors significantly influenced the likelihood of infection.

Cite This Article

APA
Burcáková L, Königová A, Kuzmina TA, Austin CJ, Matthews JB, Lightbody KL, Peczak NA, Syrota Y, Várady M. (2023). Equine tapeworm (Anoplocephala spp.) infection: evaluation of saliva- and serum-based antibody detection methods and risk factor analysis in Slovak horse populations. Parasitol Res, 122(12), 3037-3052. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-023-07994-1

Publication

Parasitology research
ISSN: 1432-1955
NlmUniqueID: 8703571
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 122
Issue: 12
Pages: 3037-3052

Researcher Affiliations

Burcáková, Ludmila
  • Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, Kosice, 04001, Slovakia.
  • University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, Kosice, 04181, Slovakia.
Königová, Alzbeta
  • Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, Kosice, 04001, Slovakia.
Kuzmina, Tetiana A
  • Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, Kosice, 04001, Slovakia. taniak@izan.kiev.ua.
  • I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Bogdan Khmelnytsky Street, 15, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. taniak@izan.kiev.ua.
Austin, Corrine J
  • Austin Davis Biologics Ltd, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Lower Street, Great Addington, Northants, NN14 4BL, UK.
Matthews, Jacqueline B
  • Austin Davis Biologics Ltd, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Lower Street, Great Addington, Northants, NN14 4BL, UK.
Lightbody, Kirsty L
  • Austin Davis Biologics Ltd, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Lower Street, Great Addington, Northants, NN14 4BL, UK.
Peczak, Natalia A
  • Austin Davis Biologics Ltd, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Lower Street, Great Addington, Northants, NN14 4BL, UK.
Syrota, Yaroslav
  • Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, Kosice, 04001, Slovakia.
  • I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Bogdan Khmelnytsky Street, 15, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine.
  • African Amphibian Conservation Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Várady, Marian
  • Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, Kosice, 04001, Slovakia.

MeSH Terms

  • Horses
  • Animals
  • Slovakia / epidemiology
  • Saliva
  • Cestode Infections / diagnosis
  • Cestode Infections / epidemiology
  • Cestode Infections / veterinary
  • Cestoda
  • Antibodies, Helminth
  • Risk Factors
  • Feces
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology

Grant Funding

  • 2/0099/22 / Vedecká Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR a SAV
  • No. 09I03-03-V01-00015 and No. 09I03-03-V01-00046 / EU NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Plan for Slovakia

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing interests. The non-UK-based authors (LB, AK, TAK, YS, MV) declare that they have no competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. CJA, JBM, KLL, and NAP are employees of Austin Davis Biologics Ltd, the commercial service provider of the serum and saliva tapeworm diagnostics used in this manuscript.

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