FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Parasitology research2023; 122(12); 3037-3052; doi: 10.1007/s00436-023-07994-1

Equine tapeworm (Anoplocephala spp.) infection: evaluation of saliva- and serum-based antibody detection methods and risk factor analysis in Slovak horse populations.

Abstract: A lack of accurate information on the prevalence and distribution of Anoplocephala spp. infections on horse farms has led to insufficient attention to tapeworm control and increasing horse anoplocephaloses in Europe. Our study aimed to examine the occurrence of Anoplocephala spp. infection using coprological, serum- and saliva-based antibody detection methods and to analyze the risk factors associated with tapeworm infection in domestic horses in Slovakia. Fecal, serum, and saliva samples were collected from 427 horses from 31 farms in Slovakia. Additionally, a questionnaire study was conducted to collect information on tapeworm distribution on horse farms and analyze risk factors associated with infection. Fecal samples were examined by the mini-FLOTAC and the double centrifugation/combined sedimentation-flotation techniques. Serum and saliva samples were analyzed by ELISA to determine antibody levels against Anoplocephala spp. The effects of variables associated with an individual horse were tested for the positive result of the saliva ELISA test on Anoplocephala spp. Cestode eggs were detected in 1.99% of fecal samples (farm prevalence 12.90%), with no differences between the two coprological methods. Serum-based tapeworm ELISA results revealed that 39.39% of horses tested positive (farm prevalence 83.87%); while saliva-based tapeworm ELISA results revealed 56.95% positive horses (farm prevalence 96.77%). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed four meaningful predictors that significantly impacted the likelihood of detecting tapeworm infection in horses: horse age, pasture size, anthelmintic treatment scheme, and access to pasture. The influences of other variables associated with an individual horse were not significantly associated with detecting tapeworm infection.
© 2023. The Author(s).
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2023-10-07 PubMed ID: 37803152PubMed Central: PMC10667452DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07994-1Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses the prevalence and spread of Anoplocephala spp., a type of tapeworm, in horse populations in Slovakia. It reveals significant findings about the species using different detection methods and determines several risk factors.

Research Methodology

  • The research was carried out on 427 horses across 31 farms in Slovakia. Fecal, serum, and saliva samples were gathered from the animals.
  • Risk factors linked to tapeworm outbreak were gathered through a questionnaire.
  • The fecal samples were analyzed using two techniques — mini-FLOTAC and combined sedimentation-flotation — to detect cestode eggs.
  • Serum and saliva samples were examined via ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) to measure antibody levels against Anoplocephala spp.
  • The influence of various factors associated with each horse was tested against the positive saliva ELISA results for tapeworm infection.

Findings

  • The research found evidence of cestode eggs in 1.99% of the fecal samples. About 12.90% of the farms were affected, with no significant differences between the two fecal analysis methods.
  • Further, 39.39% of the horses tested positive for tapeworm infection according to the serum-based ELISA results, affecting about 83.87% of farms. The saliva-based tests showed a higher percentage of positive results, roughly 56.95% of horses across 96.77% of the farms, were infected.

Main Risk Factors

  • Binary logistic regression analysis was leveraged to identify the major predictors influencing tapeworm infection in horses. Four key factors were identified as significantly impacting the likelihood of infection: the age of the horse, the size of the pasture, the anthelmintic treatment scheme, and whether the horse had access to a pasture.
  • Other variables related to individual horses were found to have no significant connection to the presence of tapeworm infections.

The objective of the research to better understand the prevalence and spread of Anoplocephala spp. within horse populations and to efficiently target control measures was met by giving attention to the age of horses, size of pastures, treatment procedures, and access to pastures, as these factors significantly influenced the likelihood of infection.

Cite This Article

APA
Burcáková L, Königová A, Kuzmina TA, Austin CJ, Matthews JB, Lightbody KL, Peczak NA, Syrota Y, Várady M. (2023). Equine tapeworm (Anoplocephala spp.) infection: evaluation of saliva- and serum-based antibody detection methods and risk factor analysis in Slovak horse populations. Parasitol Res, 122(12), 3037-3052. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-023-07994-1

Publication

Parasitology research
ISSN: 1432-1955
NlmUniqueID: 8703571
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 122
Issue: 12
Pages: 3037-3052

Researcher Affiliations

Burcáková, Ludmila
  • Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, Kosice, 04001, Slovakia.
  • University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, Kosice, 04181, Slovakia.
Königová, Alzbeta
  • Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, Kosice, 04001, Slovakia.
Kuzmina, Tetiana A
  • Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, Kosice, 04001, Slovakia. taniak@izan.kiev.ua.
  • I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Bogdan Khmelnytsky Street, 15, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. taniak@izan.kiev.ua.
Austin, Corrine J
  • Austin Davis Biologics Ltd, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Lower Street, Great Addington, Northants, NN14 4BL, UK.
Matthews, Jacqueline B
  • Austin Davis Biologics Ltd, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Lower Street, Great Addington, Northants, NN14 4BL, UK.
Lightbody, Kirsty L
  • Austin Davis Biologics Ltd, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Lower Street, Great Addington, Northants, NN14 4BL, UK.
Peczak, Natalia A
  • Austin Davis Biologics Ltd, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Lower Street, Great Addington, Northants, NN14 4BL, UK.
Syrota, Yaroslav
  • Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, Kosice, 04001, Slovakia.
  • I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Bogdan Khmelnytsky Street, 15, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine.
  • African Amphibian Conservation Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Várady, Marian
  • Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, Kosice, 04001, Slovakia.

MeSH Terms

  • Horses
  • Animals
  • Slovakia / epidemiology
  • Saliva
  • Cestode Infections / diagnosis
  • Cestode Infections / epidemiology
  • Cestode Infections / veterinary
  • Cestoda
  • Antibodies, Helminth
  • Risk Factors
  • Feces
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology

Grant Funding

  • 2/0099/22 / Vedecká Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR a SAV
  • No. 09I03-03-V01-00015 and No. 09I03-03-V01-00046 / EU NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Plan for Slovakia

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing interests. The non-UK-based authors (LB, AK, TAK, YS, MV) declare that they have no competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. CJA, JBM, KLL, and NAP are employees of Austin Davis Biologics Ltd, the commercial service provider of the serum and saliva tapeworm diagnostics used in this manuscript.

References

This article includes 80 references
  1. Abbott JB, Barrett EJ. The problem of diagnosing tapeworm infections in horses.. Equine Vet J 2008;40(1):5–6.
    doi: 10.2746/042516408X262352pubmed: 18083653google scholar: lookup
  2. Back H, Nyman A, Osterman Lind E. The association between Anoplocephala perfoliata and colic in Swedish horses – a case control study.. Vet Parasitol 2013;197:580–585.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.07.020pubmed: 23993633google scholar: lookup
  3. Barrett EJ, Farlam J, Proudman CJ. Field trial of the efficacy of a combination of ivermectin and praziquantel in horses infected with roundworms and tapeworms.. Vet Rec 2004;154:323–325.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.154.11.323pubmed: 15068039google scholar: lookup
  4. Bohórquez A, Meana A, Luzón M. Differential diagnosis of equine cestodosis based on E/S and somatic Anoplocephala perfoliata and Anoplocephala magna antigens.. Vet Parasitol 2012;190:87–94.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.06.001pubmed: 22763349google scholar: lookup
  5. Borgsteede FH, van Beek G. Parasites of stomach and small intestine of 70 horses slaughtered in the Netherlands.. Vet Q 1998;20:31–34.
    doi: 10.1080/01652176pubmed: 9477534google scholar: lookup
  6. Bürkner PC. Bayesian Item Response Modelling in R with brms and Stan.. J Stat Software 2021;100(5):1–54.
    doi: 10.18637/jss.v100.i05google scholar: lookup
  7. Chachaj B, Seniczak S. The Influence of sheep, cattle and horse grazing on soil mites (Acari) of lowland meadows.. Folia Biologica (Kraków) 2005;53(Suppl):127–132.
    doi: 10.3409/173491605775789362google scholar: lookup
  8. Chapman MR, French DD, Klei TR. Gastrointestinal helminths of ponies in Louisiana: a comparison of species currently prevalent with those present 20 years ago.. J Parasitol 2002;88:1130–1134.
    doi: 10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[1130:GHOPIL]2.0.CO;2pubmed: 12537106google scholar: lookup
  9. Corral-Hernández E, Iturrondobeitia JC. Effects of cattle and industries on oribatid mite communities of grassland soil in the Basque Country (Spain). Int Acarol 2012;38:217–229.
    doi: 10.1080/01647954.2011.632382google scholar: lookup
  10. Denegri GM. Review of oribatid mites as intermediate hosts of tapeworms of the Anoplocephalidae.. Exp Appl Acarol 1993;17:567–580.
    doi: 10.1007/BF00053486google scholar: lookup
  11. Drudge JH, Lyons ET. Methods in the evaluation of antiparasitic drugs in the horse.. Am J Vet Res 1977;38:1581–1586.
    pubmed: 337859
  12. Engell-Sørensen K, Pall A, Damgaard C, Holmstrup M. Seasonal variation in the prevalence of equine tapeworms using coprological diagnosis during a seven-year period in Denmark.. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Rep 2018;12:22–25.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.01.002pubmed: 31014802google scholar: lookup
  13. Epe C, Behrens T, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Schnieder T. Prevalence of tapeworms (Anoplocephalidae) in horses in Northern Germany.. Prakt Tierarzt 2001;82:37–42.
  14. Fogarty U, del Piero F, Purnell R, Mosurski K. Incidence of Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses examined at an Irish abattoir.. Vet Rec 1994;134:515–518.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.134.20.515pubmed: 8085308google scholar: lookup
  15. Fox J (2022) Polycor: Polychoric and Polyserial Correlations. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=polycor
  16. Fritzen B, Rohn K, Schnieder T, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G. Endoparasite control management on horse farms –lessons from worm prevalence and questionnaire data.. Equine Vet J 2010;42:79–83.
    doi: 10.2746/042516409X471485pubmed: 20121919google scholar: lookup
  17. Gasser RB, Williamson RM, Beveridge I. Anoplocephala perfoliata of horses – significant scope for further research, improved diagnosis and control.. Parasitol 2005;131:1–13.
    doi: 10.1017/s0031182004007127pubmed: 16038391google scholar: lookup
  18. Gawor JJ. Prevalence of internal parasites in riding horses.. Med Wet 2002;58:148–150.
  19. Hedberg-Alm Y, Penell J, Riihimäki M, Osterman-Lind E, Nielsen MK, Tydén E. Parasite occurrence and parasite management in Swedish horses presenting with gastrointestinal disease – a case-control study.. Animals (Basel) 2020;10:638.
    doi: 10.3390/ani10040638pmc: PMC7222828pubmed: 32272754google scholar: lookup
  20. Hinney B, Wirtherle NC, Kyule M, Miethe N, Zessin KH, Clausen PH. Prevalence of helminths in horses in the state of Brandenburg Germany.. Parasitol Res 2011;108:1083.
    doi: 10.1007/s00436-011-2362-zpubmed: 21472400google scholar: lookup
  21. Höglund J, Ljungström BL, Nilsson O, Uggla A. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to Anoplocephala perfoliata in horse sera.. Vet Parasitol 1995;59:97–106.
    doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(94)00755-2pubmed: 7483241google scholar: lookup
  22. Hubert J. The oribatid community (Acari: Oribatida) on a dry cow pasture.. Ecológia (bratisl) 2000;19:354–364.
  23. Jürgenschellert L, Krücken J, Austin CJ, Lightbody KL, Bousquet E, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G. Investigations on the occurrence of tapeworm infections in German horse populations with comparison of different antibody detection methods based on saliva and serum samples.. Parasit Vectors 2020;13:462.
    doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-04318-5pmc: PMC7488081pubmed: 32912340google scholar: lookup
  24. Kaplan RM. Drug resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance: a status report.. Trends Parasitol 2004;20:477–481.
    doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2004.08.001pubmed: 15363441google scholar: lookup
  25. Kjaer LN, Lungholt MM, Nielsen MK, Olsen SN, Maddox-Hyttel C. Interpretation of serum antibody response to Anoplocephala perfoliata in relation to parasite burden and faecal egg count.. Equine Vet J 2007;39:529–533.
    doi: 10.2746/042516407X217876pubmed: 18065311google scholar: lookup
  26. Königová A, Várady M, Čorba J. The prevalence of equine gastrointestinal parasites in the Slovak Republic.. Helmintol 2001;38:211–214.
  27. Kornaś S, Skalska M, Gawor J, Nowosad B. Infections of tapeworms in horses from stud farms and individual breeding system.. Med Wet 2006;62:821–823.
  28. Kornaś S, Cabaret J, Skalska M, Nowosad B. Horse infection with intestinal helminths in relation to age, sex, access to grass and farm system.. Vet Parasitol 2010;15:285–291.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.09.007pubmed: 20933334google scholar: lookup
  29. Kuzmina TA, Dzeverin I, Kharchenko VA. Strongylids in domestic horses: Influence of horse age, breed and deworming programs on the strongyle parasite community.. Vet Parasitol 2016;227:56–63.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.07.024pubmed: 27523938google scholar: lookup
  30. Lawson AL, Pittaway CE, Sparrow RM, Balkwill EC, Coles GC, Tilley A, Wilson AD. Analysis of caecal mucosal inflammation and immune modulation during Anoplocephala perfoliata infection of horses.. Parasite Immunol 2019;41:e12667.
    doi: 10.1111/pim.12667pubmed: 31442318google scholar: lookup
  31. Lightbody KL, Davis PJ, Austin CJ. Validation of a novel saliva-based ELISA test for diagnosing tapeworm burden in horses.. Vet Clin Pathol 2016;45:335–346.
    doi: 10.1111/vcp.12364pubmed: 27218436google scholar: lookup
  32. Lightbody KL, Matthews JB, Kemp-Symonds JG, Lambert PA, Austin CJ. Use of a saliva-based diagnostic test to identify tapeworm infection in horses in the UK.. Equine Vet J 2018;50:213–219.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.12742pubmed: 28805265google scholar: lookup
  33. Lüdecke D, Ben-Shachar MS, Patil I, Waggoner P, Makowski D. Performance: An R Package for Assessment, Comparison and Testing of Statistical Models.. J Open Source Softw 2021;6(60):3139.
    doi: 10.21105/joss.03139google scholar: lookup
  34. Lyons ET, Drudge JH, Tolliver SC, Granstrom DE, Stamper S. Evaluation of exclusive use of ivermectin vs alternation of antiparasitic compounds for control of internal parasites of horses.. Am J Vet Res 1992;53:97–104.
    pubmed: 1539922
  35. Lyons ET, Tolliver SC, Stamper S, Drudge JH, Granstrom DE, Collins SS. Activity of praziquantel (0.5 mg kg-1) against Anoplocephala perfoliata (Cestoda) in equids.. Vet Parasitol 1995;56:255–257.
    doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(94)00661-upubmed: 7732649google scholar: lookup
  36. Lyons ET, Bolin DC, Bryant UK, Cassone LM, Jackson CB, Janes JG, Kennedy LA, Loynachan AT, Boll KR, Burkhardt AS, Langlois EL, Minnis SM, Welsh SC, Scare JA. Postmortem examination (2016–2017) of weanling and older horses for the presence of select species of endoparasites: Gasterophilus spp., Anoplocephala spp. and Strongylus spp. in specific anatomical sites.. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2018;13:98–104.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.01.004pubmed: 31014896google scholar: lookup
  37. Matthews JB, Hodgkinson JE, Dowdall SM, Proudman CJ. Recent developments in research into the Cyathostominae and Anoplocephala perfoliata.. Vet Res 2004;35:371–381.
    doi: 10.1051/vetres:2004026pubmed: 15236671google scholar: lookup
  38. McGhee JR, Fujihashi K. Inside the mucosal immune system.. PLoS Biol 2012;10:e1001397.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001397pmc: PMC3457930pubmed: 23049482google scholar: lookup
  39. Meana A, Luzon M, Corchero J, Gomez-Bautista M. Reliability of coprolgical diagnosis of Anoplocephala perfoliata infection.. Vet Parasitol 1998;74:79–83.
    doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00145-3pubmed: 9493312google scholar: lookup
  40. Meana A, Pato NF, Martín R, Mateos A, Pérez-García J, Luzón M. Epidemiological studies on equine cestodes in central Spain: infection pattern and population dynamics.. Vet Parasitol 2005;130:233–240.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.040pubmed: 15908124google scholar: lookup
  41. Morgan ER, Hetzel N, Povah C, Coles GC. Prevalence and diagnosis of parasites of the stomach and small intestine in horses in south-west England.. Vet Rec 2005;156:597–600.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.156.19.597pubmed: 15879539google scholar: lookup
  42. Nielsen MK. Equine tapeworm infections: Disease, diagnosis and control.. Equine Vet Educ 2016;28:388–395.
    doi: 10.1111/eve.12394google scholar: lookup
  43. Nielsen MK. Apparent treatment failure of praziquantel and pyrantel pamoate against anoplocephalid tapeworms.. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2023;22:96–101.
    doi: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2023.06.002pmc: PMC10331019pubmed: 37354849google scholar: lookup
  44. Nielsen MK, Mittel L, Grice A, Erskine M, Graves E, Vaala W, Tully RC, French DD, Bowman R, Kaplan RM (2013) AAEP Parasite Control Guidelines. Am Assoc Equine Pract www.aaep.org
  45. Nielsen MK, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Pfister K, Reinemeyer CR, Molento MB, Peregrine AS, Hodgkinson JE, Jacobsen S, Kaplan RM, Matthews JB. The appropriate antiparasitic treatment: Coping with emerging threats from old adversaries.. Equine Vet J 2016;48:374–375.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.12550pubmed: 27062523google scholar: lookup
  46. Nielsen MK, Branan MA, Wiedenheft AM, Digianantonio R, Garber LP, Kopral CA, Phillippi-Taylor AM, Traub-Dargatz JL. Parasite control strategies used by equine owners in the United States: A national survey.. Vet Parasitol 2018;250:45–51.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.12.012pubmed: 29329623google scholar: lookup
  47. Nielsen MK, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Kuzmina TA, van Doorn DCK, Meana A, Rehbein S, Elliott T, Reinemeyer CR. World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP): Third edition of guideline for evaluating the efficacy of equine anthelmintics.. Vet Parasitol 2022;303:109676.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109676pubmed: 35164972google scholar: lookup
  48. Nilsson O, Ljungström BL, Höglund J, Lundquist H, Uggla A. Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses in Sweden: prevalence, infection levels and intestinal lesions.. Acta Vet Scand 1995;36:319–328.
    doi: 10.1186/BF03547677pmc: PMC8095443pubmed: 7502948google scholar: lookup
  49. Noel ML, Scare JA, Bellaw JL, Nielsen MK. Accuracy and precision of mini-FLOTAC and McMaster techniques for determining equine strongyle egg counts.. J Equine Vet Sci 2017;48(182–187):e1.
    doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.09.006google scholar: lookup
  50. Owen RA, Jagger DW, Quan-Taylor R. Caecal intussusceptions in horses and the significance of Anoplocephala perfoliata.. Vet Rec 1989;124:34–37.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.124.2.34pubmed: 2644733google scholar: lookup
  51. Pavone S, Veronesi F, Genchi C, Fioretti DP, Brianti E, Mandara MT. Pathological changes caused by Anoplocephala perfoliata in the mucosa/submucosa and in the enteric nervous system of equine ileocecal junction.. Vet Parasitol 2011;176:43–52.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.132.8.179pubmed: 21075534google scholar: lookup
  52. Pearson GR, Davies LW, White AL, O'Brien JK. Pathological lesions associated with Anoplocephala perfoliata at the ileo-caecal junction of horses.. Vet Rec 1993;132:179–182.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.132.8.179pubmed: 8451801google scholar: lookup
  53. Pilaker A, Goldová M. Parasitic investigation of horses in eastern Slovakia.. Folia Vet 2008;52:14–15.
  54. Pittaway CE, Lawson AL, Coles GC, Wilson AD. Systemic and mucosal IgE antibody responses of horses to infection with Anoplocephala perfoliata.. Vet Parasitol 2014;199:32–41.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.10.005pubmed: 24183646google scholar: lookup
  55. Proudman CJ, Edwards GB. Validation of a centrifugation/flotation technique for the diagnosis of equine cestodiasis.. Vet Rec 1992;131:71–72.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.131.4.71pubmed: 1529504google scholar: lookup
  56. Proudman CJ, Trees AJ. Use of excretory/secretory antigens for the serodiagnosis of Anoplocephala perfoliata cestodosis.. Vet Parasitol 1996;61:239–247.
    doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(95)00837-3pubmed: 8720562google scholar: lookup
  57. Proudman CJ, Trees AJ. Correlation of antigen-specific IgG and IgG(T) responses with Anoplocephala perfoliata infection intensity in the horse.. Parasite Immunol 1996;18:499–506.
    doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-18.xpubmed: 9226687google scholar: lookup
  58. Proudman CJ, French NP, Trees AJ. Tapeworm infection is a significant risk factor for spasmodic colic and ileal impaction colic in the horse.. Equine Vet J 1998;30:194–199.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1998.tb04487.xpubmed: 9622319google scholar: lookup
  59. R Core Team (2021) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/
  60. Rehbein S, Holste JE, Doucet MY, Fenger C, Paul AJ, Reinemeyer CR, Smith LL, Yoon S, Marley SE. Field efficacy of ivermectin plus praziquantel oral paste against naturally acquired gastrointestinal nematodes and cestodes of horses in North America and Europe.. VetTher 2003;4:220–227.
    pubmed: 15136982
  61. Rehbein S, Lindner T, Visser M, Winter R. Evaluation of a double centrifugation technique for the detection of Anoplocephala eggs in horse faeces.. J Helminthol 2011;85:409–414.
    doi: 10.1017/S0022149X10000751pubmed: 21138608google scholar: lookup
  62. Rehbein S, Visser M, Winter R. Prevalence, intensity and seasonality of gastrointestinal parasites in abattoir horses in Germany.. Parasitol Res 2013;112:407–413.
    doi: 10.1007/s00436-012-3150-0pubmed: 23052780google scholar: lookup
  63. Robin X, Turck N, Hainard A, Tiberti N, Lisacek F, Sanchez JC, Müller M. pROC: an open-source package for R and S+ to analyze and compare ROC curves.. BMC Bioinf 2011;12:77.
    doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-12-77pmc: PMC3068975pubmed: 21414208google scholar: lookup
  64. Rózsa L, Reiczigel J, Majoros G. Quantifying parasites in samples of hosts.. J Parasitol 2000;86:228–232.
    doi: 10.1645/0022-3395(2000)086[0228:QPISOH]2.0.CO;2pubmed: 10780537google scholar: lookup
  65. Sallé G, Guillot J, Tapprest J, Foucher N, Sevin C, Laugier C. Compilation of 29 years of postmortem examinations identifies major shifts in equine parasite prevalence from 2000 onwards.. Int J Parasitol 2020;50(2):125–132.
    doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2019.11.004pubmed: 31981673google scholar: lookup
  66. Sangioni LA, Vidotto O, Pereira BL, Bonezi GL. Study of the prevalence and characteristics of anatomo-histopatological lesiones associated with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Goeze, 1782) in abated equines from a refrigerated slaughter house in Apucarana – PR.. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2000;9:129–133.
  67. Skotarek SL, Colwell DD, Goater CP. Evaluation of diagnostic techniques for Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses from Alberta, Canada.. Vet Parasitol 2010;172:249–255.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.05.005pubmed: 20605685google scholar: lookup
  68. Slocombe JOD. Prevalence and treatment of tapeworms in horses.. Can Vet J 1979;20:136–140.
    pmc: PMC1789548pubmed: 487360
  69. Slocombe JO, Heine J, Barutzki D, Slacek B. Clinical trials of efficacy of praziquantel horse paste 9% against tapeworms and its safety in horses.. Vet Parasitol 2007;144:366–370.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.09.038pubmed: 17101225google scholar: lookup
  70. Stratford CH, Lester HE, Morgan ER, Pickles KJ, Relf V, McGorum BC, Matthews JB. A questionnaire study of equine gastrointestinal parasite control in Scotland.. Equine Vet J 2014;46:25–31.
    doi: 10.1111/evj.12101pubmed: 23879737google scholar: lookup
  71. Szell Z, Tóth J, Varga I. Prevalence of internal parasites of horses in Hungary by fecal examination.. Magyar Állatorvosok Lapja 1999;121:70–74.
  72. Tomczuk K, Kostro K, Szczepaniak KO, Grzybek M, Studzińska M, Demkowska-Kutrzepa M, Roczeń-Karczmarz M. Comparison of the sensitivity of coprological methods in detecting Anoplocephala perfoliata invasions.. Parasitol Res 2014;113:2401–2406.
    doi: 10.1007/s00436-014-3919-4pmc: PMC4031382pubmed: 24777342google scholar: lookup
  73. Tomczuk K, Kostro K, Grzybek M, Szczepaniak K, Studzińska M, Demkowska-Kutrzepa M, Roczeń-Karczmarz M. Seasonal changes of diagnostic potential in the detection of Anoplocephala perfoliata equine infections in the climate of Central Europe.. Parasitol Res 2015;114:767–772.
    doi: 10.1007/s00436-014-4279-9pmc: PMC4303708pubmed: 25540105google scholar: lookup
  74. Tomczuk K, Grzybek M, Szczepaniak K, Studzińska M, Demkowska-Kutrzepa M, Roczeń-Karczmarz M, Junkuszew A. Factors affecting prevalence and abundance of A. perfoliata infections in horses from south-eastern Poland.. Vet Parasitol 2017;246:19–24.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.08.027pubmed: 28969775google scholar: lookup
  75. Traversa D, Fichi G, Campigli M, Rondolotti A, Iorio R, Proudman CJ, Pellegrini D, Perrucci S. A comparison of coprological, serological and molecular methods for the diagnosis of horse infection with Anoplocephala perfoliata (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea). Vet Parasitol 2008;152:271–277.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.12.032pubmed: 18280660google scholar: lookup
  76. Trotz-Williams L, Physick-Sheard P, McFarlane H, Pearl DL, Martin SW, Peregrine AS. Occurrence of Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in horses in Ontario, Canada and associations with colic and management practices.. Vet Parasitol 2008;153:73–84.
    doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.01.016pubmed: 18339482google scholar: lookup
  77. Veronesi F, Diaferia M, Piergili-Fioretti D. Anoplocephala perfoliata infestation and colics in horses.. Vet Res Commun 2009;1:161–163.
    doi: 10.1007/s11259-009-9259-7pubmed: 19572203google scholar: lookup
  78. Vojtková M, Mezerová J, Koudela B. Occurrence and clinical meaning of the tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata.. Veterinářství 2006;56:24–28.
  79. Wickham H, Averick M, Bryan J, Chang W, D’Agostino McGowan L, François R, Grolemund G, Hayes A, Henry L, Hester J, Kuhn M, Pedersen TL, Miller E, Bache SM, Müller K, Ooms J, Robinson D, Seidel DP, Spinu V, Takahashi K, Vaughan D, Wilke C, Woo K, Yutani H. Welcome to the Tidyverse.. J Open Source Softw 2019;4(43):1686.
    doi: 10.21105/joss.01686google scholar: lookup
  80. Williamson R, Beveridge I, Gasser R. Coprological methods for the diagnosis of Anoplocephala perfoliata infection of the horse.. Aust Vet J 1998;76:618–621.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1998.tb10242.xpubmed: 9791714google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
  1. Hui X, Tian X, Ding S, Sun A, Zhao T, Wang H. Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment to overcome immunotherapy resistance in pancreatic cancer. Front Immunol 2025;16:1717062.
    doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1717062pubmed: 41341574google scholar: lookup
  2. Kukurić T, Erdeljan M, Matthews JB, Lightbody KL, Austin CJ, Peczak N, Uzelac A, Klun I, Simin S. A Prevalence Study on Anoplocephala spp. in Serbian Horses: Navigating Diagnostic Challenges and Understanding Infection Risks. Animals (Basel) 2025 Jul 16;15(14).
    doi: 10.3390/ani15142094pubmed: 40723557google scholar: lookup
  3. Hansen S, Otten ND, Ceron JJ, González-Arostegui LG, Peres-Rubio C. Redox Biomarker Variations With Severity of Asthma in Horses Across Different Sample Types. J Vet Intern Med 2025 Mar-Apr;39(2):e70031.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.70031pubmed: 40035177google scholar: lookup
  4. Muñoz-Caro T, Gavilán P, Villanueva J, Oberg C, Herrera C, Fonseca-Salamanca F, Hidalgo A. Endoparasitism and risk factors in horses from ethnic communities in Andean areas of southern Chile. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024 Sep 25;56(8):281.
    doi: 10.1007/s11250-024-04116-6pubmed: 39320596google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,911 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.