Evaluation of adult equine bone marrow- and adipose-derived progenitor cell chondrogenesis in hydrogel cultures.
Abstract: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and adipose-derived progenitor cells (ADPCs) are potential alternatives to autologous chondrocytes for cartilage resurfacing strategies. In this study, the chondrogenic potentials of these cell types were compared by quantifying neo-tissue synthesis and assaying gene expression and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components of cartilage. Adult equine progenitor cells encapsulated in agarose or self-assembling peptide hydrogels were cultured in the presence or absence of TGFbeta1 for 3 weeks. In BM-MSCs-seeded hydrogels, TGFbeta1 stimulated ECM synthesis and accumulation 3-41-fold relative to TGFbeta1-free culture. In ADPC cultures, TGFbeta1 stimulated a significant increase in ECM synthesis and accumulation in peptide (18-29-fold) but not agarose hydrogels. Chromatographic analysis of BM-MSC-seeded agarose and peptide hydrogels cultured in TGFbeta1 medium showed extensive synthesis of aggrecan-like proteoglycan monomers. ADPCs seeded in peptide hydrogel also synthesized aggrecan-like proteoglycans, although to a lesser extent than seen in BM-MSC hydrogels, whereas aggrecan-like proteoglycan synthesis in ADPC-seeded agarose was minimal. RT-PCR analysis of TGFbeta1 cultures showed detectable levels of type II collagen gene expression in BM-MSC but not ADPC cultures. Histological analysis of TGFbeta1-cultured peptide hydrogels showed the deposition of a continuous proteoglycan- and type II collagen rich ECM for BM-MSCs but not ADPCs. Therefore, this study showed both protein and gene expression evidence of superior chondrogenesis of BM-MSCs relative to ADPCs.
Copyright 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Publication Date: 2007-10-26 PubMed ID: 17960654DOI: 10.1002/jor.20508Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- N.I.H.
- Extramural
Summary
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This research study evaluates and compares the potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and adipose-derived progenitor cells (ADPCs) in creating new cartilage tissue, investigating how different hydrogel environments and the presence or absence of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGFbeta1) influence their performance.
Methods and Analysis
- The researchers used adult equine progenitor cells – a type of stem cell that can change into different cell types under specific conditions – as the source of their BM-MSCs and ADPCs.
- These cells were encapsulated or contained within two types of hydrogels – agarose or self-assembling peptide hydrogels – which provided a three-dimensional environment for the cells to grow and differentiate.
- The hydrogel cultures were then kept in conditions either with or without TGFbeta1, a protein that stimulates cell proliferation and differentiation, for three weeks.
- The researchers then measured the synthesis and accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), a network of molecules including collagen, enzymes, and glycoproteins that provide structural and biochemical support to cells. They focused on components of cartilage, as working chondrogenesis (cartilage formation) is crucial for successful cartilage resurfacing strategies.
Findings
- The study found that the presence of TGFbeta1 led to significant increases in ECM synthesis and accumulation in both BM-MSC and ADPC cultures, with varying degrees of enhancement depending on the type of hydrogel used.
- According to chromatographic analysis, both the cell types synthesized aggrecan-like proteoglycans, a key component of the cartilage ECM, when seeded in a peptide hydrogel culture exposed to TGFbeta1, although BM-MSCs produce it in a larger quantity.
- Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that type II collagen gene, an important part of cartilage tissue, was expressed in BM-MSCs but not in ADPC cultures under the influence of TGFbeta1.
- The histological examination revealed that under TGFbeta1 stimulation, BM-MSCs in peptide hydrogels developed a continuous ECM rich in proteoglycans and type II collagen while ADPCs did not.
- Based on these findings, the researchers concluded that BM-MSCs demonstrated superior abilities for chondrogenesis when compared to ADPCs under these experimental conditions.
Cite This Article
APA
Kisiday JD, Kopesky PW, Evans CH, Grodzinsky AJ, McIlwraith CW, Frisbie DD.
(2007).
Evaluation of adult equine bone marrow- and adipose-derived progenitor cell chondrogenesis in hydrogel cultures.
J Orthop Res, 26(3), 322-331.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.20508 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Science, Colorado State University, 300 W. Drake Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA. kisiday@lamar.colostate.edu
MeSH Terms
- Adipose Tissue / cytology
- Adipose Tissue / drug effects
- Adipose Tissue / metabolism
- Aggrecans / genetics
- Aggrecans / metabolism
- Animals
- Bone Marrow Cells / cytology
- Bone Marrow Cells / drug effects
- Bone Marrow Cells / metabolism
- Cell Aggregation
- Cell Differentiation
- Cells, Cultured
- Chondrogenesis / physiology
- Chromatography, Agarose
- Chromatography, Gel
- Collagen Type I / genetics
- Collagen Type I / metabolism
- Collagen Type II / genetics
- Collagen Type II / metabolism
- Culture Media / pharmacology
- Extracellular Matrix / metabolism
- Gene Expression / drug effects
- Horses
- Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / chemistry
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells / cytology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism
- Sepharose
- Stem Cells / cytology
- Stem Cells / drug effects
- Stem Cells / metabolism
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / pharmacology
Grant Funding
- EB003805 / NIBIB NIH HHS