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Home / Equine Research Bank / Int J Mol Sci / Extracellular Vesicles in Sport Horses: Potential Biomarkers...
International journal of molecular sciences2025; 26(9); 4359; doi: 10.3390/ijms26094359

Extracellular Vesicles in Sport Horses: Potential Biomarkers and Modulators of Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutics.

Abstract: Significant systemic metabolic benefits result from even a single exercise session by activating multiple metabolic and signaling pathways within the organism. Among these mechanisms, extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role by delivering their molecular cargo to neighboring or distant cells, thereby influencing cellular metabolism and function. As research progresses, EVs represent an exciting frontier in exercise science and fitness adaptation processes. There is increasing interest in understanding the physiology of EVs as signaling particles and their use as minimally invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in the early detection of oxidative stress-related abnormalities. They also show potential to be used in monitoring exercise progress, injury prevention, or recovery, and may provide insights for personalized training programs. This review examines the current understanding of the role of physical activity in generating exercise-responsive EVs. It highlights the potential applications of EVs in exercise science and personalized fitness optimization, not only for human athletes but also for exercising animals such as horses. On the other hand, it also presents potential difficulties that researchers currently working on this topic may encounter due to technical limitations.
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Publication Date: 2025-05-03 PubMed ID: 40362597PubMed Central: PMC12073050DOI: 10.3390/ijms26094359Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article focuses on the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in exercise science, particularly observing potential applications in sport horses. It presents EVs as possible biomarkers for exercise adaptation and therapeutic procedures, and discusses the challenges faced due to current technical limitations.

Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Exercise Science

  • The article highlights the importance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in exercise science, describing them as critical players in the metabolic and signaling pathways activated by physical exercise. EVs carry molecular cargo from one cell to another, thereby influencing cellular function and metabolism.
  • As the field advances, EVs are emerging as an exciting area of study for understanding exercise and fitness adaptation processes. They could potentially serve as non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, especially for detecting abnormalities related to oxidative stress.
  • The authors underline the potential of EVs in monitoring exercise progress and in injury prevention. They could also aid in recovery and provide valuable insights for creating personalized training programs.
  • The role of physical activity in producing exercise-responsive EVs is another significant area discussed in the paper. The authors provide an insight into our current understanding of this process and its implications.

Application of EVs in Sport Horses

  • While much of the discussion in the paper pertains to human athletes, the authors also highlight the implications for exercising animals, namely horses. The study underlines that similar EV roles and processes apply to sport horses, making them potential subjects for further investigation and application in the field.

Challenges in EVs Research

  • The paper does recognize that there are potential difficulties and limitations in studying EVs. Technical constraints currently pose a challenge and might impact the level of detail and accuracy that can be achieved in EVs-related research.

Cite This Article

APA
Milczek-Haduch D, Żmigrodzka M, Witkowska-Piłaszewicz O. (2025). Extracellular Vesicles in Sport Horses: Potential Biomarkers and Modulators of Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci, 26(9), 4359. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26094359

Publication

International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
NlmUniqueID: 101092791
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 26
Issue: 9
PII: 4359

Researcher Affiliations

Milczek-Haduch, Dominika
  • Department of Large Animals Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
  • Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
Żmigrodzka, Magdalena
  • Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
Witkowska-Piłaszewicz, Olga
  • Department of Large Animals Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Extracellular Vesicles / metabolism
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Horses / physiology
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
  • Adaptation, Physiological
  • Humans
  • Exercise / physiology
  • Oxidative Stress

Grant Funding

  • 2022/47/D/NZ7/01814 / National Science Centre, Poland, No.
  • N/a / the Science Development Fund of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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