Gene expression profiling of human promyelocytic cells in response to infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum.
Abstract: Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) causes human, equine and canine granulocytic anaplasmosis and tick-borne fever of ruminants. The rickettsia parasitizes granulocytes and bone marrow progenitor cells, and can be propagated in human promyelocytic and tick cell lines. In this study, microarrays of synthetic polynucleotides of 21,329 human genes were used to identify genes that are differentially expressed in HL-60 human promyelocytic cells in response to infection with A. phagocytophilum. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of selected genes confirmed the results of the microarray analysis. Six genes in the A. phagocytophilum-infected cells were found to be upregulated greater than 30-fold, while expression of downregulated genes most often did not change more than sixfold. Genes that were found to be differentially regulated in infected cells were those essential for cellular mechanisms including growth and differentiation, cell transport, signalling and communication and protective response against infection, some of which are most likely necessary for infection and multiplication of A. phagocytophilum in host cells. The differentially regulated genes described herein provide new information on the gene expression profiles in A. phagocytophilum-infected HL-60 cells, thus expanding in a global manner the existing information on the response of mammalian cells to A. phagocytophilum infection.
Publication Date: 2005-03-12 PubMed ID: 15760455DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2004.00485.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- N.I.H.
- Extramural
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- Non-P.H.S.
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- P.H.S.
Summary
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The research paper studies the impact of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection on human promyelocytic cells, focusing on how gene expression changes in these cells due to the parasites.
Overview of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a rickettsial parasite responsible for diseases like human, equine and canine granulocytic anaplasmosis, and tick-borne fever in ruminants.
- This rickettsia primarily infects granulocytes and bone marrow progenitor cells and can be cultivated in human promyelocytic and tick cell lines.
Methodology of the Study
- The research used microarrays of synthetic polynucleotides representing 21,329 human genes to identify the genes that demonstrate differential expression in infected HL-60 human promyelocytic cells.
- A technique called Semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to validate the microarray analysis results for selected genes.
Findings of the Study
- The study found that six genes in the A. phagocytophilum-infected cells were upregulated more than 30-fold.
- Contrarily, the expression of downregulated genes, in most cases, did not change more than six folds.
- Differential regulation was observed in genes crucial for cellular growth and differentiation, transport, signal transduction, communication and the aggressive response against infection.
- The study postulates that regulation of some of these genes might be essential for the successful infestation and multiplication of A. phagocytophilum in the host cells.
Contribution to Knowledge
- The differentially regulated genes in A. phagocytophilum-infected HL-60 cells identified in this study will help in expanding the understanding of how mammalian cells react to A. phagocytophilum infection.
- This global perspective on differential gene regulation due to infectious diseases may guide future studies, paving way for novel therapeutic strategies.
Cite This Article
APA
de la Fuente J, Ayoubi P, Blouin EF, Almazán C, Naranjo V, Kocan KM.
(2005).
Gene expression profiling of human promyelocytic cells in response to infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum.
Cell Microbiol, 7(4), 549-559.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2004.00485.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA. jose_delafuente@yahoo.com
MeSH Terms
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum / pathogenicity
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Granulocyte Precursor Cells / microbiology
- HL-60 Cells / microbiology
- Humans
- Neoplasm Proteins / genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Grant Funding
- 1P20RR16478-02 / NCRR NIH HHS
- 5P20RR15564-03 / NCRR NIH HHS
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