Horse allergy: Curly Horses can mediate immune tolerance.
Abstract: American Bashkir Curly Horses are claimed to be hypoallergenic, but this has not been clinically proven. In the present study, the effect of exposure to Curly Horses was investigated in 141 patients allergic to horses by measuring their lung function and nasal patency during Curly Horse contact. Continuous contact with Curly Horses, including riding and brushing, decreased the allergic riders' reactivity as measured by FEV1, PEF, and PNIF. Subsequent visits (up to 40 or more hours of riding) further reduced reactivity to the Curly Horses. Allergic events to horses occurred only in 72 out of 1312 riding hours, mainly in the first ten riding hours.In 41 out of the 141 patients, it was further investigated whether repeated exposure to Curly Horses could induce tolerance to other horses. Patients in the tolerance induction study were tested annually for horse allergy using a nasal provocation test. The tolerance induction study showed that exposure to Curly Horses induced immune tolerance to other horses in 88% of patients who completed the study.To understand the mechanism causing hypoallergenicity, we performed IgE immunoblots to determine whether Curly Horse hairs contain IgE binding proteins. However, no differences in IgE reactivity were found between Curly and non-Curly Horses. Moreover, the immune tolerance induction study patients did not show decreased IgE reactivity to hairs from Curly or non-Curly Horses even though patients had developed tolerance. However, we did find increasing levels of anti-horse IgG antibodies in the study patients.Overall, our data strongly suggests that continuous exposure to Curly Horses can induce immune tolerance, rendering these patients non-reactive to horses. The reason for the reduced clinical allergenicity of Curly Horses remains unclear, but the data suggest that blocking IgG antibodies may be of importance for immune tolerance development. American Bashkir Curly Horses gelten als hypoallergen, was jedoch nicht klinisch bewiesen ist. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die Wirkung der Exposition zu Curly Horses bei 141 Pferdeallergikern untersucht, indem die Lungenfunktion und der nasale Fluss während des Kontakts mit Curly Horses gemessen wurden. Der kontinuierliche Kontakt mit Curly Horses, einschließlich Reiten und Bürsten, verringerte die Reaktivität der allergischen Reiter, gemessen an FEV1, PEF und PNIF. Nachfolgende Besuche (bis zu 40 oder mehr Reitstunden) verringerten die Reaktivität gegenüber den Curly Horses weiter. Sehr starke allergische Reaktionen auf Curly Horses traten nur in 72 von 1312 Reitstunden auf, hauptsächlich in den ersten zehn Reitstunden.Bei 41 der 141 Patienten wurde weiter untersucht, ob eine wiederholte Exposition zu Curly Horses eine Toleranz gegenüber anderen Pferden induzieren könnte. Die Patienten der Toleranzinduktionsstudie wurden jährlich mit einem nasalen Provokationstest auf eine Pferdeallergie getestet. Die Toleranzinduktionsstudie zeigte, dass die Exposition gegenüber Curly Horses bei 88% der Patienten, die die Studie abschlossen, eine Immuntoleranz gegenüber anderen Pferden auslöste.Um den Mechanismus zu verstehen, der die Hypoallergenität verursacht, führten wir IgE-Immunoblots durch, um festzustellen, ob Curly Horse-Haare IgE-bindende Proteine enthalten. Es wurden jedoch keine Unterschiede in der IgE-Reaktivität zwischen Curly Horses und Nicht-Curly Horses festgestellt. Darüber hinaus zeigten die Patienten der Immuntoleranzstudie keine verringerte IgE-Reaktivität gegenüber Haaren von Curly Horses oder Nicht-Curly Horses, obwohl die Patienten eine Toleranz entwickelt hatten. Allerdings fanden wir bei den Studienpatienten steigende Werte von IgG-Antikörpern gegen Pferde.Insgesamt deuten unsere Daten stark darauf hin, dass eine kontinuierliche Exposition zu Curly Horses eine Immuntoleranz induzieren kann, sodass diese Patienten nicht mehr auf Pferde reagieren. Der Grund für die geringere klinische Allergenität von Curly Horses bleibt unklar, aber die Daten legen nahe, dass blockierende IgG-Antikörper bei der Entwicklung der Immuntoleranz von Bedeutung sein könnten.
Thieme. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2023-10-12 PubMed ID: 37827498DOI: 10.1055/a-2101-9533Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research article investigates the possibility of American Bashkir Curly Horses being hypoallergenic. Using 141 participants who are allergic to horses, the study tracked allergic reactions when in contact with Curly Horses. It was found that prolonged and repeated exposure to these horses can induce a tolerance to all horses in many patients, insinuating a potential for Curly Horses to be hypoallergenic.
Study Procedure
- The research involved 141 participants who had horse allergies. Their allergic reactions to horses were monitored while they were in contact with Curly Horses.
- Measurements were made on their lung function and nasal patency during their exposure to the horses. Allergic reactions were noted mainly in the first ten hours of 1312 total riding hours.
- A subgroup of the participants (41 out of 141) were re-exposed to Curly Horses to ascertain if continual exposure to Curly Horses could lead to a tolerance to other horses.
- These 41 participants were given an annual horse allergy test using nasal provocation to measure progress and development of the induced tolerance.
Results
- It was discovered that continual contact with Curly Horses over a certain period reduced allergic responses and further visits reduced the allergic reactions more.
- Most serious allergic reactions happened mainly during the initial 10 riding hours. Out of the total 1412 hours, allergic reactions were observed only 72 times.
- In the subgroup analysed, it was found that exposure to Curly Horses brought about a form of immunity to other horses in 88% of the patients who completed the study. Thus suggesting that continual exposure to Curly Horses might bring about an immune tolerance in allergy sufferers.
Further Research and Conclusions
- The mechanism through which hypoallergenicity is achieved wasn’t clear, thus the researchers carried out IgE immunoblots to see if Curly Horse hairs contain IgE binding proteins. The test turned out negative as no differences were discovered in IgE reactivity between Curly and non-Curly Horses.
- Despite the IgE immunoblot test results, researchers found an increase in the levels of anti-horse IgG antibodies in the study patients leading them to speculate that it might be this development that plays a significant role in the development of immune tolerance.
- Therefore, while the cause for reduced clinical allergenicity of Curly Horses remains uncertain, the study strongly suggests that continuous exposure to Curly Horses can lower horse allergies in patients by inducing immune tolerance.
Cite This Article
APA
Mitlehner A, Mitlehner C, Reißmann M, Stoll P, Swoboda I, Mitlehner W.
(2023).
Horse allergy: Curly Horses can mediate immune tolerance.
Pneumologie, 78(1), 47-57.
https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2101-9533 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Internal Medicine, Praxis, Klappholz, Germany.
- Internal Medicine, Praxis, Klappholz, Germany.
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institut for Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Molecular Biotechnology Section, FH Campus Wien University of Applied Sciences, Wien, Austria.
- Molecular Biotechnology Section, FH Campus Wien University of Applied Sciences, Wien, Austria.
- Internal Medicine, Praxis, Klappholz, Germany.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Humans
- Horses
- Hypersensitivity / diagnosis
- Hypersensitivity / veterinary
- Allergens
- Immune Tolerance
- Immunoglobulin E
- Immunoglobulin G
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists