Impact of Seminal Plasma Antioxidants on DNA Fragmentation and Lipid Peroxidation of Frozen-Thawed Horse Sperm.
Abstract: Cryopreservation is a stressful process for sperm, as it is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Elevated ROS levels, which create an imbalance with antioxidant capacity, may result in membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein damage and DNA fragmentation. This study aimed to determine whether the membrane LPO and DNA fragmentation of frozen-thawed horse sperm relies upon antioxidant activity, including enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and paraoxonase type 1 (PON1)); non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), plasma ferric reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAP) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC)); and the oxidative stress index (OSI) of their seminal plasma (SP). Based on total motility and plasma membrane integrity (SYBR14/PI) after thawing, ejaculates were hierarchically ( < 0.001) clustered into two groups of good- (GFEs) and poor-(PFEs) freezability ejaculates. LPO and DNA fragmentation (global DNA breaks) were higher ( < 0.05) in the PFE group than in the GFE group, with LPO and DNA fragmentation (global DNA breaks) after thawing showing a positive relationship ( < 0.05) with SP OSI levels and ROS production. In addition, sperm motility and membrane integrity after thawing were negatively ( < 0.05) correlated with the activity levels of SP antioxidants (PON1 and TEAC). The present results indicate that LPO and DNA fragmentation in frozen-thawed horse sperm vary between ejaculates. These differences could result from variations in the activity of antioxidants (PON1 and TEAC) and the balance between the oxidant and antioxidant components present in the SP.
Publication Date: 2024-03-06 PubMed ID: 38539855DOI: 10.3390/antiox13030322Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research article investigates how the antioxidant activity in horse sperm affects the sperm’s DNA fragmentation and lipid peroxidation during the freezing and thawing process. The focus is on the role of several varying types of antioxidants in this process.
Study Objective
- The main aim of this study was to ascertain if the extent of DNA fragmentation and lipid peroxidation, a process that damages sperm cells, in frozen-thawed horse sperm depends on the antioxidant activity in their seminal fluid.
Specific Parameters Analyzed
- The study examined several factors in the seminal plasma (SP), including enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), and paraoxonase type 1 (PON1).
- The research also evaluated non-enzymatic antioxidant capability through Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), plasma ferric reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAP), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC).
- The oxidative stress index (OSI) of the seminal plasma was also considered.
Methodology and Classification
- The ejaculates were ranked into groups classified by their ‘freezability’. This categorization was based on total sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity after the freezing-thawing process.
- The two groups were good-freezability ejaculates (GFEs) and poor-freezability ejaculates (PFEs).
Findings
- The study found higher levels of lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation in the poor-freezability group compared to the good-freezability group.
- Notably, these levels showed a positive correlation with the seminal plasma oxidative stress index and ROS production.
- Furthermore, sperm motility and membrane integrity after thawing showed a negative correlation with the antioxidant activity in the seminal plasma, particularly in the case of PON1 and TEAC.
Conclusions
- The research concludes that the extent of lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation in frozen-thawed horse sperm varies between ejaculates.
- The variation could be caused by the difference in activity of the antioxidants PON1 and TEAC, and the balance between oxidant and antioxidant components present in the seminal plasma.
Cite This Article
APA
Catalán J, Yánez-Ortiz I, Torres-Garrido M, Ribas-Maynou J, Llavanera M, Barranco I, Yeste M, Miró J.
(2024).
Impact of Seminal Plasma Antioxidants on DNA Fragmentation and Lipid Peroxidation of Frozen-Thawed Horse Sperm.
Antioxidants (Basel), 13(3), 322.
https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13030322 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical, Health and Life Sciences, International University of Ecuador, Quito 170411, Ecuador.
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, ES-30100 Murcia, Spain.
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003 Girona, Spain.
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), ES-08010 Barcelona, Spain.
- Equine Reproduction Service, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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