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Veterinary research communications2024; 48(3); 1353-1366; doi: 10.1007/s11259-024-10295-2

Isolation of lactic acid bacteria from the reproductive tract of mares as potentially beneficial strains to prevent equine endometritis.

Abstract: Endometritis, the inflammation of the endometrium, is the leading cause of subfertility in mares, and therefore responsible for major economic losses in the horse industry worldwide. It is generally treated with uterine lavages combined with ecbolic agents and local or systemic antibiotics. However, since antibiotic overuse has been associated with antimicrobial resistance in mares with persistent endometritis, new prevention and treatment alternatives are needed. One such alternative could be the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from the host. Thanks to their species specificity, resident microbiota may restore ecological equilibrium within the host, and therefore, help prevent infections and improve physiological functions. In the present study, 257 bacterial strains were isolated from 77 healthy mares, and 88.76% (n = 228) of them were phenotypically classified as LAB. Within this group, 65.79% were able to inhibit at least one strain from each of the genera that most commonly cause equine endometritis (Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus spp.). Five strains (RCE11, RCE20, RCE91, RCE99, and RCE167) were selected on the basis of their beneficial properties: ability to autoaggregate and adhere to equine epithelial cells, high inhibition of and co-aggregation with all the bacteria isolated from clinical cases of endometritis evaluated, and negative co-inhibition between one another. All five were finally identified as Enterococcus spp., namely E. faecium (two strains), E. hirae (two strains), and E. gallinarum (one strain). Further studies will assess their safety and biotechnological potential for the design of a multi-strain probiotic formula to prevent equine endometritis.
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
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Publication Date: 2024-01-18 PubMed ID: 38233700PubMed Central: 4153636DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10295-2Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study explores potential treatments for equine endometritis, a common and economically costly condition in mares, by isolating beneficial bacteria from healthy horses. The focus is on lactic acid bacteria, several strains of which were found to inhibit growth of harmful bacteria typically causing endometritis.

Background

  • The research addresses endometritis in mares, which is a prevalent cause of subfertility and results in considerable economic loss in the global horse industry.
  • Current treatments for endometritis, including uterine lavages and antibiotics, face drawbacks due to the rising issue of antibiotic resistance.
  • As an alternative, the researchers suggest the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which might restore balance within the host organism’s microbial environment and boost physiological functions to prevent infection.

Study Findings

  • The researchers isolated 257 bacterial strains from 77 healthy mares, out of which 228 or 88.76% were phenotypically classified as LAB.
  • Within the LAB group, about 65.79% were found to inhibit the growth of the common endometritis-causing bacteria, including Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus spp.

Most Promising Strains

  • Based on their beneficial properties, five strains (RCE11, RCE20, RCE91, RCE99, and RCE167) were selected. These properties include the ability to autoaggregate, adherence to equine epithelial cells, and high inhibition of and co-aggregation with all the bacteria isolated from clinical cases of endometritis.
  • These selected strains were identified as Enterococcus spp., specifically E. faecium (two strains), E. hirae (two strains), and E. gallinarum (one strain).

Future Research

  • Future studies, as suggested by the researchers, will explore the safety and biotechnological potential of these five strains. The aim is to leverage these findings to develop a multi-strain probiotic formula to prevent equine endometritis.

Cite This Article

APA
Silva JA, Castañares M, Mouguelar H, Valenciano JA, Pellegrino MS. (2024). Isolation of lactic acid bacteria from the reproductive tract of mares as potentially beneficial strains to prevent equine endometritis. Vet Res Commun, 48(3), 1353-1366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10295-2

Publication

Veterinary research communications
ISSN: 1573-7446
NlmUniqueID: 8100520
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 48
Issue: 3
Pages: 1353-1366

Researcher Affiliations

Silva, Jessica Alejandra
  • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Cs. Ex. Fco-Qcas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, Route 36 Km 601, X5804ZAB, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
  • Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Castañares, Mariana
  • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Cs. Ex. Fco-Qcas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, Route 36 Km 601, X5804ZAB, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
Mouguelar, Horacio
  • Departament of Anatomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Route 36 Km 601, X5804ZAB, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
Valenciano, Javier Aguilar
  • Departament of Animal Production, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Route 36 Km 601, X5804ZAB, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
Pellegrino, Matías Santiago
  • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Cs. Ex. Fco-Qcas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, Route 36 Km 601, X5804ZAB, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina. mpellegrino@exa.unrc.edu.ar.
  • Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, C1425FQB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. mpellegrino@exa.unrc.edu.ar.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Female
  • Endometritis / veterinary
  • Endometritis / prevention & control
  • Endometritis / microbiology
  • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Probiotics / pharmacology
  • Probiotics / administration & dosage
  • Lactobacillales / isolation & purification
  • Lactobacillales / physiology
  • Genitalia, Female / microbiology

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