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Home / Equine Research Bank / Cryobiology / Lipid composition and thermotropic phase behavior of boar, b...
Cryobiology1992; 29(2); 255-266; doi: 10.1016/0011-2240(92)90024-v

Lipid composition and thermotropic phase behavior of boar, bull, stallion, and rooster sperm membranes.

Abstract: Composition and thermotropic phase behavior of sperm membrane lipids from species ranging in sensitivity to cold shock were determined. Lipids from whole sperm and sperm plasma membrane were fractionated into neutral lipid, glycolipid, and phospholipid fractions. Compositional analyses were completed for free sterols, phospholipids and phospholipid-bound fatty acids. Phase transition temperatures were determined for phospholipid and glycolipid fractions using differential scanning calorimetry. Cholesterol was the major sterol in sperm lipids of all species. Cholesterol to phospholipid molar ratios were 0.26, 0.30, 0.36, and 0.45 for sperm plasma membrane of the boar, rooster, stallion, and bull, respectively. Choline and ethanolamine phosphoglycerides and sphingomyelin were the major phospholipid classes in sperm and their proportions differed across species. Phospholipid-bound fatty acyl compositions of choline and ethanolamine phosphoglycerides were characterized by a high proportion of docosapentanoyl and docosahexanoyl groups in mammalian sperm and shorter, more saturated groups in rooster sperm. Glycolipids represented less than 10% of total polar lipids for all species. Thin-layer chromatographic analysis indicated that the major glycolipid component of rooster sperm was different from that of mammalian sperm. Peak phase transition temperatures (Tm) for sperm membrane phospholipids were 24.0, 25.4, 20.7 and 24.5, for the boar, stallion, and rooster, respectively. Corresponding Tm's for glycolipids were 36.2, 42.8, and 33.4 with no exotherm for rooster sperm glycolipids. These results demonstrate a difference in both composition and thermotropic phase behavior of glycolipids between rooster and mammalian sperm which may be related to the greater tolerance of rooster sperm to rapid cooling.
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Publication Date: 1992-04-01 PubMed ID: 1582232DOI: 10.1016/0011-2240(92)90024-vGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • Non-P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study analyzes the lipid composition and temperature-induced phase behavior of sperm cell membranes from various animals, conveyed in relation to their sensitivity to sudden temperature drops, or “cold shock”. Significant differences in the lipid composition and thermal behavior between rooster and mammalian sperm were identified, likely contributing to rooster sperm’s higher resilience to rapid cooling.

Key Research Methods and Findings

  • The study primarily examined sperm cell membranes from boars, bulls, stallions, and roosters. The selected species represent varying degrees of sensitivity to temperature changes, particularly a sudden drop called ‘cold shock’.
  • The authors fractionated lipids from whole sperm and sperm plasma membranes into categories of neutral lipid, glycolipid, and phospholipid fractions. They conducted thorough compositional analyses for free sterols, phospholipids, and phospholipid-bound fatty acids.
  • The study found cholesterol to be the primary sterol in sperm lipids for all the investigated species. The researchers also determined the ratios of cholesterol to phospholipid.
  • Major phospholipid classes in the sperm of the animals studied were choline and ethanolamine phosphoglycerides and sphingomyelin. The proportions of these classes varied across species.
  • Phospholipid-bound fatty acyl compositions were found to contain a high proportion of docosapentanoyl and docosahexanoyl groups in mammalian sperm, while rooster sperm contained shorter, more saturated groups.
  • Glycolipids accounted for less than 10% of total polar lipids for all the species. The type of principal glycolipid component differed between rooster sperm and mammalian sperm.
  • They also determined the phase transition temperatures for both phospholipids and glycolipids in sperm using differential scanning calorimetry. This process helped understand how these lipids change in response to temperature variations. Rooster sperm glycolipids did not exhibit any exotherm, differing from the mammalian sperm.
  • The research findings illustrated differences in both the composition and temperature-induced phase behavior of glycolipids between rooster and mammalian sperm. This difference likely gives rooster sperm a comparatively higher tolerance to rapid cooling.

Implications of the Research

  • Understanding the lipid composition and thermotropic phase behavior of different species’ sperm cells can aid in the development of better preservation and storage techniques for sperm, particularly beneficial for breeding programs or conservation efforts.
  • The observed resilience of rooster sperm to rapid cooling, identified as tied to their unique lipid composition and phase behavior, might guide further research in enhancing the cold shock resistance of mammalian sperm.
  • The findings may also contribute to general knowledge about cell physiology, membrane biology, and adaptation mechanisms to environmental changes among different species.

Cite This Article

APA
Parks JE, Lynch DV. (1992). Lipid composition and thermotropic phase behavior of boar, bull, stallion, and rooster sperm membranes. Cryobiology, 29(2), 255-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2240(92)90024-v

Publication

Cryobiology
ISSN: 0011-2240
NlmUniqueID: 0006252
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 29
Issue: 2
Pages: 255-266

Researcher Affiliations

Parks, J E
  • Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
Lynch, D V

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • Cattle
    • Cell Membrane / metabolism
    • Chickens
    • Cold Temperature / adverse effects
    • Horses
    • Male
    • Membrane Lipids / metabolism
    • Species Specificity
    • Spermatozoa / metabolism
    • Swine
    • Thermodynamics

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