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Home / Equine Research Bank / Clin Diagn Lab Immunol / Lymphocyte proliferation responses induced to broadly reacti...
Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology2005; 12(8); 983-993; doi: 10.1128/CDLI.12.8.983-993.2005

Lymphocyte proliferation responses induced to broadly reactive Th peptides did not protect against equine infectious anemia virus challenge.

Abstract: The effect of immunization with five lipopeptides, three containing T-helper (Th) epitopes and two with both Th and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes, on equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) challenge was evaluated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from EIAV lipopeptide-immunized horses had significant proliferative responses to Th peptides compared with those preimmunization, and the responses were attributed to significant responses to peptides Gag from positions 221 to 245 (Gag 221-245), Gag 250-269, and Pol 326-347; however, there were no consistent CTL responses. The significant proliferative responses in the EIAV lipopeptide-immunized horses allowed testing of the hypothesis that Th responses to immunization would enhance Th and CTL responses following EIAV challenge and lessen the viral load and the severity of clinical disease. The EIAV lipopeptide-immunized group did have a significant increase in proliferative responses to Th peptides 1 week after virus challenge, whereas the control group did not. Two weeks after challenge, a significant CTL response to virus-infected cell targets occurred in the EIAV lipopeptide-immunized group compared to that in the control group. These Th and CTL responses did not significantly alter either the number of viral RNA copies/ml or disease severity. Thus, lipopeptide-induced proliferative responses and enhanced Th and CTL responses early after virus challenge were unable to control challenge virus load and clinical disease.
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Publication Date: 2005-08-09 PubMed ID: 16085917PubMed Central: PMC1182189DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.12.8.983-993.2005Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • N.I.H.
  • Extramural
  • Research Support
  • U.S. Gov't
  • P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study explores the effect of certain immunization treatments on horses infected with equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). Despite initial promising results in stimulated immune responses, the treatments were ultimately unsuccessful in reducing viral load or disease severity.

Study Design and Methodology

  • This research is focused on studying the impact of immunization using five distinct lipopeptides on EIAV. Lipopeptides are molecules which stimulate an immune response.
  • Three of these lipopeptides contain T-helper (Th) epitopes, fragments of foreign substances that can stimulate an immune response. The other two contain both Th and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes, related to a type of immune cell that can destroy infected cells.
  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (a type of immune cell) from EIAV-infected horses that were immunized with these lipopeptides exhibited significant proliferative responses to Th peptides compared to those preimmunization.

Detailed Findings

  • The research team found that horses immunized with EIAV lipopeptides responded significantly to certain peptides, indicating a stimulated immune response.
  • Despite this, there were not consistent CTL responses, indicating the immunization was not uniformly effective in stimulating this type of immune reaction.
  • A week after the virus challenge, the immunized group had a significant increase in immune response to Th peptides, unlike the control group.
  • After two weeks, the immunized group showed a significant CTL response to virus-infected cells compared to the control group, suggesting some level of delayed immune response.

Summary of Results

  • Contrary to the initial research hypothesis, these substantial Th and CTL responses did not significantly alter the viral load (number of viral RNA copies per milliliter) or the severity of the disease.
  • Essentially, while the lipopeptide-induced proliferative responses led to enhanced immune responses shortly after the virus challenge, these efforts failed to control the viral load and clinical disease, making them an ineffective treatment for horses infected with EIAV.

Cite This Article

APA
Fraser DG, Leib SR, Zhang BS, Mealey RH, Brown WC, McGuire TC. (2005). Lymphocyte proliferation responses induced to broadly reactive Th peptides did not protect against equine infectious anemia virus challenge. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 12(8), 983-993. https://doi.org/10.1128/CDLI.12.8.983-993.2005

Publication

Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology
ISSN: 1071-412X
NlmUniqueID: 9421292
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 8
Pages: 983-993

Researcher Affiliations

Fraser, Darrilyn G
  • Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7040, USA.
Leib, Steve R
    Zhang, Bao Shan
      Mealey, Robert H
        Brown, Wendy C
          McGuire, Travis C

            MeSH Terms

            • Amino Acid Sequence
            • Animals
            • Cell Proliferation
            • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / immunology
            • Equine Infectious Anemia / immunology
            • Equine Infectious Anemia / virology
            • Horses
            • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / immunology
            • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / pathogenicity
            • Lipoproteins / immunology
            • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
            • Molecular Sequence Data
            • Peptides / genetics
            • Peptides / immunology
            • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / cytology
            • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology
            • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / immunology
            • T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / cytology
            • T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / immunology
            • Treatment Failure
            • Viral Load
            • Viral Vaccines / immunology

            Grant Funding

            • F32 AI010528 / NIAID NIH HHS
            • AI10528 / NIAID NIH HHS
            • AI24291 / NIAID NIH HHS
            • AI47660 / NIAID NIH HHS

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            Citations

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