Multicentric lymphoma in a donkey with intestinal and bone marrow involvement.
Abstract: Lymphoma is a common neoplasm in horses but is reported much less commonly in donkeys. In this case report, we describe the macroscopic, microscopic and immunohistochemical features of a multicentric lymphoma with intestinal and bone marrow involvement. Methods: A geriatric female donkey with history of chronic lameness was found dead. Post-mortem examination revealed advanced emaciation, periodontal disease, left front foot laminitis and multiple, soft, white to yellow tan intestinal transmural masses, up to 12 cm in diameter. Cytology suggested a round cell intestinal neoplasm. The femur of the left hint limb was double the size of the normal contralateral, with suspected neoplastic infiltration and replacement of bone marrow and bone. Histologically we diagnosed a lymphoma in the intestine and left femur. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells showed CD3 immunolabelling, supporting a diagnosis of a multicentric T-cell lymphoma. Conclusions: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time multicentric lymphoma is diagnosed in donkeys. Further studies of the genetic background, clinical, laboratory, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical, as well as the pathogenesis of lymphoma, is needed to better understand the uniquely low frequency of this neoplasm in donkeys.
© 2024. The Author(s).
Publication Date: 2024-02-15 PubMed ID: 38360691PubMed Central: PMC10868081DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03903-5Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research paper chronicles a case of multifocal lymphoma in a female donkey, marked with signs of intestinal and bone marrow involvement, a presentation rarely seen in donkeys. The examination of the case led to the proposed need for more in-depth research regarding the surprisingly low occurrence of this neoplasm in donkeys.
Case Presentation
- The subject was an aging female donkey with a history of persistent lameness, found dead.
- Physical examination post-death illustrated advanced malnourishment, periodontal disease, left front foot laminitis, and multiple soft, discolored intestinal masses, some as large as 12cm in diameter.
- A disproportionately enlarged left hind limb was also noted, the femur suspected to have tumor infiltration, leading to replacement of bone and bone marrow.
Examinations and Findings
- A cytologic suggestion revealed a potential round cell intestinal neoplasm.
- Upon in-depth microscopic observation, a diagnosis of lymphoma was made within the intestinal masses and the abnormal left femur.
- Subsequent immunohistochemical examinations showed that these tumorous cells responded positively to CD3 immuno-staining, supporting the diagnosis of the lymphoma, classified as multicentric T-cell lymphoma.
Conclusions and Further Directions
- This marks an unusual occurrence of multicentric lymphoma in a donkey, not commonly recorded before to the author’s knowledge.
- This unique case asserts the need for more comprehensive research into the genetic backgrounds, clinical signs, laboratory findings, histopathological studies, immunohistochemical responses, and overall pathogenesis of lymphoma, to further comprehend the infrequent incidence of this neoplasm within donkeys.
Cite This Article
APA
Paraschou G, Xue C, Egan R, Bolfa P.
(2024).
Multicentric lymphoma in a donkey with intestinal and bone marrow involvement.
BMC Vet Res, 20(1), 57.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-03903-5 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts And Nevis. gparaschou@rossvet.edu.kn.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts And Nevis.
- Animal Health Laboratory, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts And Nevis.
MeSH Terms
- Female
- Horses
- Animals
- Bone Marrow
- Equidae
- Lymphoma / veterinary
- Lymphoma / pathology
- Intestines / pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / pathology
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, or publication of this article.
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This article includes 18 references
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