Parentage verification and genetic diversity of the Arabian and Thoroughbred horse populations in Türkiye using microsatellite analysis.
Abstract: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of parentage verification in Arabian and Thoroughbred horses in Türkiye using microsatellite markers. A total of 813 Arabian and 959 Thoroughbred horses were genotyped using a total of 17 microsatellite markers. The mean effective number of alleles was 3,34 and the mean number of alleles was 7,41 in Arabian horses. It was calculated that the mean He and Ho values in Arabian horses were 0,677 and 0,680, respectively. The mean effective number of alleles was 3,55 and the mean number of alleles was 6,59 in Thoroughbred horses. It was calculated that the mean Ho and He values in Thoroughbred horses were 0,697 and 0,684, respectively. When the studied Arabian and Thoroughbred horse populations are considered as a single population, the mean FIT, FST and FIS values were found to be 0,063, 0,074 and, - 0,011, respectively. Also, 4 loci in Arabian horses and 3 loci in Thoroughbred horses significantly deviated from HWE. The mean PIC value was 0,63 in Arabian horses and 0,64 in Thoroughbred horses. As a result; the microsatellites including the most informative 15 and 9 loci had a total value of > 0,9999 (11 and 7 loci > 0,999) in each population for PE - 1 and PE - 3, respectively. It has been concluded that parentage verification and genetic identification can be made successfully in the Arabian and Thoroughbred horse populations by using the microsatellite markers panel. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Abstammungsüberprüfung bei Araber- und Vollblutpferden in der Türkei mithilfe von Mikrosatellitenmarkern zu evaluieren. Insgesamt wurden 813 Araber- und 959 Vollblutpferde mit insgesamt 17 Mikrosatellitenmarkern genotypisiert. Bei Arabern betrug die durchschnittliche effektive Anzahl an Allelen 3,34 und die durchschnittliche Anzahl an Allelen 7,41. Die mittleren He- und Ho-Werte betrugen 0,677 bzw. 0,680. Bei Vollblütern betrug die durchschnittliche effektive Anzahl an Allelen 3,55 und die durchschnittliche Anzahl an Allelen 6,59. Die mittleren Ho- und He-Werte betrugen 0,697 bzw. 0,684. Betrachtet man die untersuchten Araber- und Vollblutpferdepopulationen als eine einzige Population, betrugen die mittleren FIT-, FST- und FIS-Werte jeweils 0,063, 0,074 und – 0,011. Ausserdem wichen 4 Loci bei Araberpferden und 3 Loci bei Vollblutpferden deutlich vom HWE ab. Der mittlere PIC-Wert betrug 0,63 bei Araberpferden und 0,64 bei Vollblutpferden. Die Mikrosatelliten einschließlich der informativsten 15 und 9 Loci hatten in jeder Population einen Gesamtwert von > 0,9999 (11 und 7 Loci > 0,999) für PE – 1 bzw. PE – 3. Die Überprüfung der Abstammung und die genetische Identifizierung bei Araber- und Vollblutpferdepopulationen können mithilfe des Mikrosatelliten-Markerpanels erfolgreich durchgeführt werden. Cette étude visait à déterminer l’efficacité de la vérification de la parenté chez les chevaux arabes et pur-sang de Turquie à l’aide de marqueurs microsatellites. Au total, 813 chevaux arabes et 959 chevaux pur-sang ont été génotypés à l’aide de 17 marqueurs microsatellites. Le nombre effectif moyen d’allèles était de 3,34 et le nombre moyen d’allèles était de 7,41 chez les chevaux arabes. Il a été calculé que les valeurs He et Ho moyennes chez les chevaux arabes étaient respectivement de 0,677 et 0,680. Le nombre effectif moyen d’allèles était de 3,55 et le nombre moyen d’allèles était de 6,59 chez les chevaux pur-sang. On a calculé que les valeurs moyennes de Ho et de He chez les chevaux pur-sang étaient respectivement de 0,697 et de 0,684. Lorsque les populations étudiées de chevaux arabes et de chevaux pur-sang sont considérées comme une seule population, les valeurs moyennes de FIT, FST et FIS sont respectivement de 0,063, 0,074 et – 0,011. En outre, 4 loci chez les chevaux arabes et 3 loci chez les chevaux pur-sang s’écartent de manière significative du HWE. La valeur PIC moyenne était de 0,63 chez les chevaux arabes et de 0,64 chez les chevaux pur-sang. Par conséquent, les microsatellites comprenant les 15 et 9 loci les plus informatifs avaient une valeur totale > 0,9999 (11 et 7 loci > 0,999) dans chaque population pour l’EP – 1 et l’EP – 3, respectivement. Il a été conclu que la vérification de la parenté et l’identification génétique peuvent être effectuées avec succès dans les populations de chevaux arabes et de pur-sang en utilisant le panel de marqueurs microsatellites. Questo studio aveva l’obiettivo di determinare l’efficacia della verifica dell’ascendenza nei cavalli Arabi e Purosangue in Turchia utilizzando marcatori microsatellitari. Un totale di 813 cavalli Arabi e 959 cavalli Purosangue sono stati genotipati utilizzando un totale di 17 marcatori microsatellitari. Il numero effettivo medio di alleli era di 3,34 e il numero medio di alleli nei cavalli Arabi era di 7,41. È stato calcolato che i valori medi di He e Ho nei cavalli Arabi fossero rispettivamente 0,677 e 0,680. Il numero medio effettivo di alleli era di 3,55 e il numero medio di alleli era di 6,59 nei cavalli Purosangue. È stato calcolato che i valori medi di Ho e He nei cavalli Purosangue fossero rispettivamente 0,697 e 0,684. Quando le popolazioni di cavalli Arabi e Purosangue studiate sono considerate come una singola popolazione, i valori medi di FIT, FST e FIS erano rispettivamente di 0,063, 0,074 e -0,011. Inoltre, 4 loci nei cavalli Arabi e 3 loci nei cavalli Purosangue deviavano significativamente dall’equilibrio di Hardy-Weinberg. Il valore medio di PIC era 0,63 nei cavalli Arabi e 0,64 nei cavalli Purosangue. In conclusione, i microsatelliti, compresi i 15 e i 9 loci più informativi, avevano un valore totale di > 0,9999 (11 loci e 7 loci > 0,999) in ciascuna popolazione per rispettivamente PE – 1 e PE – 3. È stato quindi concluso che la verifica dell’ascendenza e l’identificazione genetica possono essere effettuate con successo nelle popolazioni di cavalli Arabi e Purosangue utilizzando il pannello di marcatori microsatellitari.
Publication Date: 2023-10-31 PubMed ID: 37905573DOI: 10.17236/sat00410Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research study explores genetic identification and parentage verification in Arabian and Thoroughbred horses in Turkey by using microsatellite markers.
Introduction and Methodology
- The study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of parentage verification amongst Arabian and Thoroughbred horses in Turkey, using a panel of microsatellite markers.
- The sample included genotyping of 813 Arabian and 959 Thoroughbred horses using a total of 17 microsatellite markers.
Findings
- In the Arabian horse population, the average effective number of alleles was 3.34, and the mean number of alleles was 7.41. The mean expected (He) and observed (Ho) heterozygosity values were calculated as 0.677 and 0.680, respectively.
- In contrast, the Thoroughbred horse population showed a slightly higher average effective number of alleles with 3.55 and a lower mean number of alleles at 6.59. However, Thoroughbred horses also exhibited higher heterozygosity values with a mean Ho and He of 0.697 and 0.684, respectively.
- When examining the Arabian and Thoroughbred populations as a single one, the average Inbreeding Coefficients (FIT, FST, and FIS) were 0.063, 0.074, and -0.011 correspondingly. These provide measures of variance in allele frequencies between subpopulations within a population.
- Four loci in Arabian horses and three loci in Thoroughbred horses significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE), an essential principle in population genetics assuming no evolution occurs.
- The mean Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value, which gives an idea of genetic diversity, was 0.63 in Arabian horses and 0.64 in Thoroughbred horses.
Conclusions
- Microsatellite Markeks, which included the most informative 15 and 9 loci/varying positions in genetic sequence, showed a high total value of > 0.9999 (11 and 7 loci > 0.999) in each population for Paternity Exclusion Probability (PE) where PE-1 and PE-3 are different methods of calculation.
- The findings suggest that the panel of microsatellite markers can be effectively used for parentage verification and genetic identification in Arabian and Thoroughbred horse populations in Turkey.
Cite This Article
APA
Yarali C, Özsensoy Y, Kösemann A, Seker I, Toprak B, Zengin K.
(2023).
Parentage verification and genetic diversity of the Arabian and Thoroughbred horse populations in Türkiye using microsatellite analysis.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd, 165(11), 716-725.
https://doi.org/10.17236/sat00410 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Veterinary Control Central Research Institute, Genetics Laboratory, Ankara.
- Department of Veterinary Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas.
- Department of Crop and Animal Production, Akcadag Vocational School, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya.
- Department of Zootechny, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig.
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat.
- Veterinary Control Central Research Institute, Genetics Laboratory, Ankara.
- Veterinary Control Central Research Institute, Genetics Laboratory, Ankara.
MeSH Terms
- Male
- Horses / genetics
- Animals
- Genotype
- Alleles
- Microsatellite Repeats
- Genetic Variation
Citations
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