Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and its enhancement by normal IgG.
Abstract: Rats were injected intradermally with rabbit anti-ovalbumin serum and 3 hours later were challenged intravenously with ovalbumin and Evans Blue dye. Inflammatory lesions were produced within 20 minutes and their size was markedly dose-dependent. Attempts were made to interfere with this passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) by admixture of normal IgG with the rabbit anti-ovalbumin to measure the relative tissue binding affinities of IgG from various species. It was found that normal IgG from any of the species tested had an enhancing effect on PCA in rats. These immunoglobulins serially arranged in the order of their decreasing enhancing abilities were: bovine>guinea-pig>pig>rat>rabbit>horse>human. The extent and significance of the enhancement increased considerably with increasing concentration of IgG in the test doses. The mechanism of enhancement was investigated and a hypothesis was proposed to explain the phenomenon.
Publication Date: 1974-08-01 PubMed ID: 4421606PubMed Central: PMC1445577
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research study investigated the role of normal immunoglobulin G (IgG) in enhancing passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, a type of allergic reaction, in rats when combined with a specific anti-allergen serum. Researchers concluded that IgG from different species can, indeed, enhance allergic reactions and that the extent of this enhancement depends on the concentration of IgG used and the species it originates from.
Study Design and Methods
- The experiment used rats as subjects. To simulate an allergic reaction, the researchers injected the rats’ skin with anti-ovalbumin serum from rabbits, then injected the rats with ovalbumin (a protein commonly found in egg whites) and Evans Blue dye.
- The inflammation caused by the ovalbumin was tracked using the dye, which stained the inflamed areas. The researchers then monitored and measured the size of these inflammatory lesions.
- The team studied the severity and size of the allergic reaction by varying the dose of the ovalbumin challenge. They observed that the size of the inflammation was dose-dependent, changing in direct correlation with the ovalbumin dose.
Role of Normal IgG
- Attempts were made to interfere with the allergic reaction process, by admixing normal IgG (an antibody that the immune system uses to neutralize bacteria and viruses) with the rabbit anti-ovalbumin.
- The team did this to measure the relative tissue binding affinities of IgG from different species. In other words, they wanted to find out how well IgG from different species could stick to the inflamed tissues in the rats.
- The finding was that normal IgG from any of the species tested enhanced the allergic reaction in rats. This means that normal IgG, when combined with an antigen like ovalbumin, can actually exacerbate allergic reactions rather than alleviating them.
The Order of Enhancing Abilities and Mechanism
- The study revealed that IgG from different species had different effects on allergic reactions, with some having a stronger enhancing effect than others.
- The researchers found that IgG from bovines (cows) had the strongest effect, followed by guinea pigs, pigs, rats, rabbits, horses, and humans having the weakest effect.
- The extent and significance of the enhancement increased with the increasing concentrations of IgG in the doses given to the rats.
- In terms of the underlying mechanism, the researchers proposed a hypothesis explaining the phenomenon, although the abstract does not elaborate on what this hypothesis is.
In conclusion, this study provides significant insights into how normal IgG can enhance allergic reactions, and raises important questions about how different IgGs from different species can modulate these reactions. Such understandings could be crucial in developing new therapeutic strategies to manage allergic reactions.
Cite This Article
APA
Williams MR.
(1974).
Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and its enhancement by normal IgG.
Immunology, 27(2), 271-283.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cattle / immunology
- Guinea Pigs / immunology
- Histamine
- Horses / immunology
- Hot Temperature
- Immune Sera
- Immunoelectrophoresis
- Immunoglobulin G / isolation & purification
- Nitrogen / analysis
- Ovalbumin / immunology
- Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis
- Rabbits / immunology
- Rats / immunology
- Swine / immunology
References
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