Recombinant Streptococcus equi proteins protect mice in challenge experiments and induce immune response in horses.
Abstract: Horses that have undergone infection caused by Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (strangles) were found to have significantly increased serum antibody titers against three previously characterized proteins, FNZ (cell surface-bound fibronectin binding protein), SFS (secreted fibronectin binding protein), and EAG (alpha2-macroglobulin, albumin, and immunoglobulin G [IgG] binding protein) from S. equi. To assess the protective efficacy of vaccination with these three proteins, a mouse model of equine strangles was utilized. Parts of the three recombinant proteins were used to immunize mice, either subcutaneously or intranasally, prior to nasal challenge with S. equi subsp. equi. The adjuvant used was EtxB, a recombinant form of the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin. It was shown that nasal colonization of S. equi subsp. equi and weight loss due to infection were significantly reduced after vaccination compared with a mock-vaccinated control group. This effect was more pronounced after intranasal vaccination than after subcutaneous vaccination; nearly complete eradication of nasal colonization was obtained after intranasal vaccination (P < 0.001). When the same antigens were administered both intranasally and subcutaneously to healthy horses, significant mucosal IgA and serum IgG antibody responses against FNZ and EAG were obtained. The antibody response was enhanced when EtxB was used as an adjuvant. No adverse effects of the antigens or EtxB were observed. Thus, FNZ and EAG in conjunction with EtxB are promising candidates for an efficacious and safe vaccine against strangles.
Publication Date: 2004-05-25 PubMed ID: 15155624PubMed Central: PMC415648DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.6.3228-3236.2004Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research paper investigates the protective properties of three proteins generated by Streptococcus equi in combatting strangles infection in horses. The study utilized a mouse model and demonstrated that these proteins, when used as a vaccine, significantly reduced the severity of the infection.
Overview of the Research
- The research found that horses infected by Streptococcus equi, the bacterium that causes strangles, had greatly increased antibody titers against three specific proteins produced by the bacterium, FNZ, SFS, and EAG.
- These proteins were characterized further and were used to formulate a vaccine to enhance the body’s immune response against the strangles bacterium.
Experimental Design
- The researchers used a mouse model to test the efficacy of their vaccine, which included components of these three proteins.
- Mice were immunized with the vaccine and then nasal challenge was used to introduce the Streptococcus equi bacterium.
- The EtxB adjuvant, a component of Escherichia coli toxin, was used to increase the effectiveness of the vaccine.
Results of the Research
- The study found that immunized mice showed a significant reduction in nasal colonization by the bacterium and resultant weight loss, compared to a control group that was not vaccinated.
- Intranasal vaccination was more effective than subcutaneous vaccination, almost completely eliminating nasal colonization of the bacterium.
- When the same vaccine was administered to healthy horses, it triggered significant immune response in the form of mucosal IgA and serum IgG antibodies.
- This immune response was stronger when the EtxB adjuvant was used in conjunction with the vaccine.
- No adverse effects were observed from the antigens or the EtxB adjuvant.
Conclusion of the Study
- The study concludes that these proteins, especially FNZ and EAG, used in conjunction with the EtxB adjuvant, are viable candidates for creating an effective and safe vaccine against strangles.
Cite This Article
APA
Flock M, Jacobsson K, Frykberg L, Hirst TR, Franklin A, Guss B, Flock JI.
(2004).
Recombinant Streptococcus equi proteins protect mice in challenge experiments and induce immune response in horses.
Infect Immun, 72(6), 3228-3236.
https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.72.6.3228-3236.2004 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
MeSH Terms
- Adhesins, Bacterial
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
- Bacterial Proteins / genetics
- Bacterial Proteins / immunology
- Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
- Carrier Proteins
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses
- Membrane Glycoproteins
- Mice
- Recombinant Proteins / genetics
- Recombinant Proteins / immunology
- Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
- Streptococcal Infections / prevention & control
- Streptococcal Infections / veterinary
- Streptococcal Vaccines / administration & dosage
- Streptococcal Vaccines / genetics
- Streptococcal Vaccines / immunology
- Streptococcus equi / genetics
- Streptococcus equi / immunology
- Vaccination
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Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Rönnberg E, Calounova G, Guss B, Lundequist A, Pejler G. Granzyme D is a novel murine mast cell protease that is highly induced by multiple pathways of mast cell activation.. Infect Immun 2013 Jun;81(6):2085-94.
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- Rönnberg E, Guss B, Pejler G. Infection of mast cells with live streptococci causes a toll-like receptor 2- and cell-cell contact-dependent cytokine and chemokine response.. Infect Immun 2010 Feb;78(2):854-64.
- Guss B, Flock M, Frykberg L, Waller AS, Robinson C, Smith KC, Flock JI. Getting to grips with strangles: an effective multi-component recombinant vaccine for the protection of horses from Streptococcus equi infection.. PLoS Pathog 2009 Sep;5(9):e1000584.
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