Reproducible and label-free biosensor for the selective extraction and rapid detection of proteins in biological fluids.
Abstract: Erythropoietin (EPO), a glycoprotein hormone of ∼ 34 kDa, is an important hematopoietic growth factor, mainly produced in the kidney and controls the number of red blood cells circulating in the blood stream. Sensitive and rapid recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO) detection tools that improve on the current laborious EPO detection techniques are in high demand for both clinical and sports industry. A sensitive aptamer-functionalized biosensor (aptasensor) has been developed by controlled growth of gold nanostructures (AuNS) over a gold substrate (pAu/AuNS). The aptasensor selectively binds to rHuEPO and, therefore, was used to extract and detect the drug from horse plasma by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Due to the nanogap separation between the nanostructures, the high population and distribution of hot spots on the pAu/AuNS substrate surface, strong signal enhancement was acquired. By using wide area illumination (WAI) setting for the Raman detection, a low RSD of 4.92% over 150 SERS measurements was achieved. The significant reproducibility of the new biosensor addresses the serious problem of SERS signal inconsistency that hampers the use of the technique in the field. The WAI setting is compatible with handheld Raman devices. Therefore, the new aptasensor can be used for the selective extraction of rHuEPO from biological fluids and subsequently screened with handheld Raman spectrometer for SERS based in-field protein detection.
Publication Date: 2015-06-24 PubMed ID: 26104688PubMed Central: PMC4477471DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0102-8Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Evaluation Study
- Journal Article
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- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research presents a new and efficient biosensor for detecting erythropoietin, a growth factor that influences the production of red blood cells. The sensor, developed using aptamel-functionalized gold nanostructures, selectively binds to erythropoietin, therefore could be used to detect the substance directly from biological fluids. The findings suggest the developed biosensor could be used in medical and sports industries for quick and reliable detection.
Introduction
- The research focuses on Erythropoietin (EPO), a glycoprotein hormone that plays an essential role in red blood cell production. There is a demand for rapid and reliable detection tools for recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO) in both the clinical field and sports industry. Existing detection techniques are laborious and slow.
Developed Aptasensor
- The study introduces an aptamer-functionalized biosensor (aptasensor) that was developed via controlled growth of gold nanostructures (AuNS) over a gold substrate (pAu/AuNS). This aptasensor, due to its selective bonding characteristics, can attach itself to rHuEPO efficiently.
- It was used in the study to extract and detect rHuEPO from horse plasma using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), a highly efficient technique for molecular detection.
- The structure and composition of the AuNS allow for strong signal enhancement. This is due to the nanogap separation between each structure and high density of hot spots on the surface of the substrate.
Detection and Results
- Raman detection was carried out using a wide area illumination (WAI) setting. From 150 SERS measurements, a low relative standard deviation (RSD) of 4.92% was achieved, demonstrating high level of reproducibility.
- The reproducibility of this new biosensor addresses a critical issue with previous techniques that struggled with inconsistent SERS signals, hindering field use.
Application and Further Use
- The WAI setting can be used with handheld Raman devices, making the aptasensor an effective tool for in-field protein detection.
- This means the new aptasensor could be used to selectively extract rHuEPO from biological fluids, like blood, and then screened with a handheld Raman spectrometer, ensuring convenient and effective detection.
Cite This Article
APA
Sivanesan A, Izake EL, Agoston R, Ayoko GA, Sillence M.
(2015).
Reproducible and label-free biosensor for the selective extraction and rapid detection of proteins in biological fluids.
J Nanobiotechnology, 13, 43.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-015-0102-8 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Nanotechnology and Molecular Sciences Discipline, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia. sivanesan.arumugam@qut.edu.au.
- Nanotechnology and Molecular Sciences Discipline, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia. e.kiriakous@qut.edu.au.
- Nanotechnology and Molecular Sciences Discipline, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia. r.agoston@qut.edu.au.
- Nanotechnology and Molecular Sciences Discipline, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia. g.ayoko@qut.edu.au.
- Discipline of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia. martin.sillence@qut.edu.au.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Aptamers, Nucleotide / chemistry
- Biosensing Techniques / methods
- Erythropoietin / blood
- Erythropoietin / isolation & purification
- Gold / chemistry
- Horses / blood
- Humans
- Limit of Detection
- Nanostructures / chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins / blood
- Recombinant Proteins / isolation & purification
- Reproducibility of Results
- Spectrum Analysis, Raman / methods
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Citations
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