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Home / Equine Research Bank / Can J Vet Res / Retrospective study of perioperative antimicrobial use in ho...
Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire2024; 88(1); 24-29;

Retrospective study of perioperative antimicrobial use in horses undergoing elective laparoscopy at a single institution.

Abstract: Antimicrobial stewardship has shown significant development in recent years. Perioperative prophylaxis accounts for a substantial volume of antimicrobial use and is a field in which improvements can likely be made. The objective of this study was to evaluate practices associated with perioperative antimicrobial use in equine elective laparoscopy at a single institution over a 21-year period and to determine whether antimicrobial therapy influenced the occurrence of postoperative complications. Medical records of horses that underwent elective laparoscopy at a teaching hospital from January 2000 to September 2021 were reviewed. Data obtained included signalment, surgeon, type and duration of procedure, perioperative antimicrobial use, and intraoperative and postoperative complications. Exact univariate logistic regression was used to explore the association between possible risk factors and occurrence of postoperative complications, as well as the association between year of presentation and time of antimicrobial administration. Duration of surgery was log-transformed to meet assumption of normality, followed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare mean surgery time per procedure and postoperative complications. Significance was set at < 0.05. Sixty horses met the inclusion criteria. All horses received antimicrobial prophylaxis, but none received intraoperative redosing. Only 13 horses (26%) received antimicrobials within 60 min of the first incision. Time of administration improved with each year of the study ( = 0.005). Only 17 horses (28%) received antimicrobials for less than 24 h, but median duration of antimicrobial therapy was 1.25 d (range: 0.25 to 10 d). Antimicrobial use practices at this institution differed from general recommendations for optimal perioperative prophylaxis, which suggests that intervention is required. L’antibiogouvernance a connu un développement significatif ces dernières années. La prophylaxie peropératoire représente un volume important d’utilisation d’antimicrobiens et constitue un domaine dans lequel des améliorations peuvent probablement être apportées. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer les pratiques associées à l’utilisation peropératoire d’antimicrobiens en laparoscopie élective équine dans un seul établissement sur une période de 21 ans et de déterminer si le traitement antimicrobien influençait la survenue de complications postopératoires. Les dossiers médicaux des chevaux ayant subi une laparoscopie élective dans un centre hospitalier universitaire de janvier 2000 à septembre 2021 ont été examinés. Les données obtenues comprenaient le signalement, le chirurgien, le type et la durée de la procédure, l’utilisation d’antimicrobiens peropératoires et les complications intra-opératoires et postopératoires. Une régression logistique univariée exacte a été utilisée pour explorer l’association entre les facteurs de risque possibles et la survenue de complications postopératoires, ainsi que l’association entre l’année de présentation et le moment de l’administration des antimicrobiens. La durée de la chirurgie a été transformée en log pour répondre à l’hypothèse de normalité, suivie d’une analyse de variance (ANOVA) pour comparer la durée moyenne de la chirurgie par procédure et les complications postopératoires. La signification a été fixée à < 0,05. Soixante chevaux répondaient aux critères d’inclusion. Tous les chevaux ont reçu une prophylaxie antimicrobienne, mais aucun n’a reçu de dose supplémentaire durant la chirurgie. Seuls 13 chevaux (26 %) ont reçu des antimicrobiens dans les 60 minutes suivant la première incision. Le temps d’administration s’est amélioré avec chaque année d’étude ( = 0,005). Seulement 17 chevaux (28 %) ont reçu des antimicrobiens pendant moins de 24 heures, mais la durée médiane du traitement antimicrobien était de 1,25 jour (plage : 0,25 à 10 jours). Les pratiques d’utilisation des antimicrobiens dans cet établissement différaient des recommandations générales pour une prophylaxie peropératoire optimale, ce qui suggère qu’une intervention est nécessaire.(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier).
Copyright and/or publishing rights held by the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association.
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Publication Date: 2024-01-15 PubMed ID: 38222072PubMed Central: PMC10782465
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study aims to assess how antimicrobial drugs are used before and after horse laparoscopy surgeries at a particular veterinary teaching hospital and to see if the use of these drugs affects post-surgical outcomes. The 21-year-long study found that the hospital’s practices vary from the recommended approach to using antimicrobials during surgery, reinforcing the need for changes to ensure optimal prophylaxis.

Study Setting and Design

  • The study was a retrospective (looking back in time) analysis conducted in a teaching hospital that provides medical training for veterinarians.
  • The study analyzed information from 60 horse laparoscopy surgeries performed at the hospital between January 2000 to September 2021.
  • The criteria for inclusion in the study were not specified.

Variables and Data Collection

  • The researchers collected data on the horse’s age, sex, and breed (signalment); the identity of the surgery team; the nature and length of the procedure; the use of antimicrobial drugs during surgery; and any complications that occurred during or after the surgery.
  • The exact time of antimicrobial administration was tracked, specifically noting whether drugs were administered within 60 minutes of the first incision — closer to the start of the surgery — as recommended by guidelines.

Statistical Analysis

  • The researchers used exact univariate logistic regression techniques to examine relationships between potential risk factors and the presence of postoperative complications.
  • They also used the same statistical technique to investigate whether the year of the surgery affected when the antimicrobials were administered.
  • Due to the variance in surgery duration, they applied a log-transformation to normalize the data for suitable statistical analysis, particularly to compare mean surgery time per procedure and postoperative complications.

Results and Conclusion

  • All of the horses in the study received antimicrobial drugs as a precautionary measure during surgery, but none had these medications readministered during the operation.
  • Only 26% of horses (13 out of 60) had antimicrobials administered within the first hour of surgery.
  • Over time, the study observed an improvement in the timing of antimicrobial administration during surgeries (p=0.005).
  • Only 28% of the horses (17 out of 60) received antimicrobials for less than 24 hours, but the average duration for administering these drugs was 1.25 days, with a range from 0.25 to 10 days.
  • Given the significant deviation from general recommendations for optimal perioperative prophylaxis, the authors suggest that intervention is needed to improve upon current antimicrobial use practices at the studied institution.

Cite This Article

APA
Recchi L, Cribb N, Côté N, Dubois MS, Koenig J, Valverde A, Monteith G. (2024). Retrospective study of perioperative antimicrobial use in horses undergoing elective laparoscopy at a single institution. Can J Vet Res, 88(1), 24-29.

Publication

Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
ISSN: 1928-9022
NlmUniqueID: 8607793
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 88
Issue: 1
Pages: 24-29

Researcher Affiliations

Recchi, Lucciana
  • Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1.
Cribb, Nicola
  • Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1.
Côté, Nathalie
  • Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1.
Dubois, Marie-Soleil
  • Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1.
Koenig, Judith
  • Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1.
Valverde, Alexander
  • Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1.
Monteith, Gabrielle
  • Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control
  • Postoperative Complications / surgery
  • Postoperative Complications / veterinary
  • Laparoscopy / veterinary
  • Laparoscopy / adverse effects
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
  • Horse Diseases / surgery

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