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Home / Equine Research Bank / Microbiol Spectr / Strains of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from horses in Ohio are...
Microbiology spectrum2023; 11(6); e0263223; doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02632-23

Strains of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from horses in Ohio are related to isolates from humans in the northeastern USA.

Abstract: The tick-borne obligatory intracellular bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum infects humans as well as domesticated and wild animals, causing a febrile disease collectively called granulocytic anaplasmosis. The epidemiology and the host species specificity and zoonotic potential of A. phagocytophilum strains remain unclear. In this study, ankA (encoding ankyrin A) and p44 gene sequences of A. phagocytophilum were determined in clinical specimens from horses in Ohio and compared with those found in A. phagocytophilum strains from various hosts and geographic regions. With increasing numbers of seropositive horses, the study points out the unrecognized prevalence and uncharacterized strains of A. phagocytophilum infection in horses and the importance of A. phagocytophilum molecular testing for the prevention of equine and human granulocytic anaplasmosis.
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Publication Date: 2023-10-26 PubMed ID: 37882777PubMed Central: PMC10715102DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02632-23Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research studied strains of the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum in horses from Ohio and found that they were similar to bacterial isolates found in humans from the northeastern United States.

Objective and Importance of the Research

  • The researchers sought to investigate the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum that is infamous for causing a disease called granulocytic anaplasmosis in humans and a variety of animals. Originally, it was unclear where the strains of this bacterium were originating from and their zoonotic potential, meaning their ability to spread between animals and humans.
  • The significance of the study lies in its exploration of the prevalence and diversity of Anaplasma phagocytophilum strains. This could have implications for disease prevention strategies not only for equine granulocytic anaplasmosis (EGA), but also for its human equivalent (HGA).

Methodology

  • The study included samples from horses in three different counties in Ohio. These horses showed signs and lab findings that were synonymous with EGA.
  • Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing techniques, the researchers assessed the samples for traces of the Anaplasma phagocytophilum bacterium. Specifically, they analyzed the sequences of a gene responsible for encoding a protein called ankyrin A.

Findings

  • The sequences of the gene in all three strains were found to be identical and closely related to strains isolated from humans in the northeastern USA. However, they differed from those found in California or Europe.
  • Each of the Ohio strains contained unique genes that coded for the bacterium’s major outer membrane proteins, indicating notable antigenic diversity within the strains causing EGA in Ohio.
  • Also, through serodiagnosis, the team discovered 14 additional cases of EGA from 2018 to 2023 in Ohio and Pennsylvania. This suggests an unexpected occurrence of EGA and the potential risk of anaplasmosis transmission to humans and animals in this region.

Conclusion and Implications

  • The study highlighted the previously unknown prevalence and uncharacterized strains of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in horses.
  • It also underscored the importance of molecular testing as a preventive measure for both equine and human granulocytic anaplasmosis.

Cite This Article

APA
Chien RC, Mingqun L, Yan Q, Randolph N, Huang W, Wellman M, Toribio R, Rikihisa Y. (2023). Strains of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from horses in Ohio are related to isolates from humans in the northeastern USA. Microbiol Spectr, 11(6), e0263223. https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02632-23

Publication

Microbiology spectrum
ISSN: 2165-0497
NlmUniqueID: 101634614
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 6
Pages: e0263223

Researcher Affiliations

Chien, Rory C
  • Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
  • Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Mingqun, Lin
  • Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
  • Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Yan, Qi
  • Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
  • Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Randolph, Nina
  • Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Huang, Weiyan
  • Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
  • Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Wellman, Maxey
  • Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Toribio, Ramiro
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Rikihisa, Yasuko
  • Laboratory of Molecular, Cellular, and Environmental Rickettsiology, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.
  • Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Anaplasma phagocytophilum / genetics
  • Ohio / epidemiology
  • Animals, Wild
  • Anaplasmosis / epidemiology
  • Anaplasmosis / microbiology
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology

Grant Funding

  • C. Glenn Barber Fund / Ohio State University (OSU)

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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