Longitudinal humoral immune response and maternal immunity in horses after a single live-attenuated vaccination against African horse sickness during the disease outbreak in Thailand.
Abstract: African horse sickness (AHS) has become a newly emerging disease after an outbreak in northeastern Thailand in March 2020. Mass vaccination in horses with live-attenuated AHS virus (AHSV) vaccine is essential for AHS control and prevention. This study aimed to monitor the longitudinal humoral immune response before and after a single vaccination using a live-attenuated vaccine against AHS in stallions, mares, and pregnant mares, including maternal immunity in foals born from pregnant mares during the outbreak in Thailand. Unassigned: A total of 13 stallions and 23 non-pregnant and 21 pregnant mares were vaccinated with live-attenuated AHSV vaccines. Serum samples from selected horses were collected on the day of vaccination and 1, 6, 8, 9, 10, and 12-months post-vaccination. Furthermore, seven serum samples of foals born from vaccinated pregnant mares were collected on parturition date and 1, 3, and 6-months old. The antibody titer against AHS in all collected serum samples was evaluated using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. All data were analyzed for mean and standard deviation for each group of samples using a spreadsheet program. Antibody titers between times were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance as repeated measurement, and antibody titers between horse groups were analyzed using a general linear model for statistically significant differences when p < 0.05. Unassigned: In stallion and non-pregnant mare groups, there were no statistically significant differences in antibody titers in all 6 time periods after vaccination. The antibody titer in the pregnant mare group showed a non-statistically significant difference between each gestation stage, except at 8 months post-vaccination. Furthermore, increasing antibody titers on days 1 and 3 after receiving colostrum in foals indicate the major role of transcolostral antibody transfer for AHS. Unassigned: This study demonstrated that a single AHS vaccination using a live-attenuated vaccine could stimulate high antibody titers sufficient for AHS control and prevention during the outbreak in Thailand. Similarly, the antibody response of vaccinated horses of both genders, including various stages of pregnant mares, was statistically not different.
Copyright: © Kunanusont, et al.
Publication Date: 2023-08-19 PubMed ID: 37766699PubMed Central: PMC10521193DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1690-1694Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article investigates the transcriptome dynamics of oocyte maturation, by comparing transcriptomic changes during in vitro maturation in both oocytes and their surrounding cumulus cells. Insights from the study may help to improve the outcomes of in vitro production of embryos and advance equine assisted reproductive technologies.
Objective of the Study
- The study aims to understand the dynamics of oocyte maturation, which is a crucial step in embryonic development. This knowledge could aid the enhancement of in vitro maturation (IVM) culture conditions and in vitro production (IVP) of embryos.
Methodology
- Cumulus-oocyte complexes were obtained from antral follicles and divided into two groups: immature and in vitro-matured (MII).
- RNA from oocytes and cumulus cells was separately extracted, prepared for library, and underwent RNA sequencing to study their transcriptomes.
Findings
- A total of 13,918 gene transcripts were found in oocytes, with 538 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between immature and matured oocytes. In cumulus cells, 13,104 genes were expressed with 871 differentially expressed genes.
- Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated an association between the DEGs and pathways relating to nuclear maturation in oocytes and other activities in cumulus cells like GTPase activity, extracellular matrix organization, and collagen trimers.
- The follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene and luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor gene also showed varied expressions between matured and immature cumulus cells.
Implications
- The study sheds light on the biological pathways critical to oocyte maturation in horses, which could be instrumental in improving IVP outcomes.
- It provides foundational knowledge to further investigate equine assisted reproductive technologies (ART), and potentially enhance the overall clinical management of these technologies.
Cite This Article
APA
Kunanusont N, Taesuji M, Kulthonggate U, Rattanamas K, Mamom T, Thongsri K, Phannithi T, Ruenphet S.
(2023).
Longitudinal humoral immune response and maternal immunity in horses after a single live-attenuated vaccination against African horse sickness during the disease outbreak in Thailand.
Vet World, 16(8), 1690-1694.
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2023.1690-1694 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Clinic for Horse, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, 140 Cheum-Sampan Rd. Nong Chock, Bangkok 10530 Thailand.
- Clinic for Horse, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, 140 Cheum-Sampan Rd. Nong Chock, Bangkok 10530 Thailand.
- Clinic for Horse, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, 140 Cheum-Sampan Rd. Nong Chock, Bangkok 10530 Thailand.
- Department of Immunology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, 140 Cheum-Sampan Rd. Nong Chock, Bangkok 10530 Thailand.
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, 140 Cheum-Sampan Rd. Nong Chock, Bangkok 10530 Thailand.
- Department of Veterinary and Remount, Division of First Livestock and Agriculture, The Veterinary Hospital, Royal Thai Army, 57 Koh Samrong Subdistrict, Mueang District, Kanchanaburi Province 71000 Thailand.
- Department of Immunology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, 140 Cheum-Sampan Rd. Nong Chock, Bangkok 10530 Thailand.
- Department of Immunology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, 140 Cheum-Sampan Rd. Nong Chock, Bangkok 10530 Thailand.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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