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Home / Equine Research Bank / Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol / Transverse tubules are a common feature in large mammalian a...
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology2011; 301(5); H1996-H2005; doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00284.2011

Transverse tubules are a common feature in large mammalian atrial myocytes including human.

Abstract: Transverse (t) tubules are surface membrane invaginations that are present in all mammalian cardiac ventricular cells. The apposition of L-type Ca(2+) channels on t tubules with the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) constitutes a "calcium release unit" and allows close coupling of excitation to the rise in systolic Ca(2+). T tubules are virtually absent in the atria of small mammals, and therefore Ca(2+) release from the SR occurs initially at the periphery of the cell and then propagates into the interior. Recent work has, however, shown the occurrence of t tubules in atrial myocytes from sheep. As in the ventricle, Ca(2+) release in these cells occurs simultaneously in central and peripheral regions. T tubules in both the atria and the ventricle are lost in disease, contributing to cellular dysfunction. The aim of this study was to determine if the occurrence of t tubules in the atrium is restricted to sheep or is a more general property of larger mammals including humans. In atrial tissue sections from human, horse, cow, and sheep, membranes were labeled using wheat germ agglutinin. As previously shown in sheep, extensive t-tubule networks were present in horse, cow, and human atrial myocytes. Analysis shows half the volume of the cell lies within 0.64 ± 0.03, 0.77 ± 0.03, 0.84 ± 0.03, and 1.56 ± 0.19 μm of t-tubule membrane in horse, cow, sheep, and human atrial myocytes, respectively. The presence of t tubules in the human atria may play an important role in determining the spatio-temporal properties of the systolic Ca(2+) transient and how this is perturbed in disease.
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Publication Date: 2011-08-12 PubMed ID: 21841013PubMed Central: PMC3213978DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00284.2011Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is an investigation into the presence of transverse tubules, surface membrane invaginations present in cardiac ventricular cells, in the atrial myocytes of large mammals including humans.

Background

  • Transverse or t tubules are invaginations present on the surface membrane of all mammalian cardiac ventricular cells. They are known for their role in the regulation of the calcium ion (Ca2+) balance necessary for muscle contraction.
  • Typically, t tubules are almost absent in the atria of small mammals. This leads to Ca2+ release initially taking place at the cell’s edge before propagating into its interior.
  • The presence of t tubules in the atria of larger mammals such as sheep has been established. This leads to simultaneous calcium release in both central and peripheral regions of these cells.
  • In diseased states, both atria and ventricles lose these t tubules, resulting in cellular dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study

  • The study aims to investigate whether the presence of t tubules in the atria of larger mammals like sheep is a singular occurrence or whether it is a common feature across large mammals, including humans.

Methodology and Findings

  • In this study, atrial tissue sections from the human, horse, cow and sheep were analyzed.
  • The membranes of these tissue sections were labeled using a substance called wheat germ agglutinin, aiding in the study of t-tubules.
  • The results illustrated that, similar to sheep, the atrial myocytes of horses, cows and humans also exhibited extensive t-tubule networks.
  • Analysis determined that around half of the cell’s volume was within the range of t-tubule membrane in horse, cow, sheep, and human atrial myocytes.

Implications of the Study

  • The findings of this study suggest that t tubules may be a more generalized feature in large mammals, including humans, as opposed to being a unique characteristic of sheep.
  • The presence of t tubules in human atria implies these structures may play a significant role by impacting the spatio-temporal properties of the systolic Ca2+ transient. This function could be drastically disturbed in disease conditions, leading to alterations in the heart’s calcium regulation and subsequent muscle contractions, affecting heart health.

Cite This Article

APA
Richards MA, Clarke JD, Saravanan P, Voigt N, Dobrev D, Eisner DA, Trafford AW, Dibb KM. (2011). Transverse tubules are a common feature in large mammalian atrial myocytes including human. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 301(5), H1996-H2005. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00284.2011

Publication

American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology
ISSN: 1522-1539
NlmUniqueID: 100901228
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 301
Issue: 5
Pages: H1996-H2005

Researcher Affiliations

Richards, M A
  • Unit of Cardiac Physiology, University of Manchester, Core Technology Facility, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Clarke, J D
    Saravanan, P
      Voigt, N
        Dobrev, D
          Eisner, D A
            Trafford, A W
              Dibb, K M

                MeSH Terms

                • Animals
                • Calcium Channels, L-Type / metabolism
                • Calcium Signaling
                • Cattle
                • Cell Membrane / metabolism
                • Cell Membrane / ultrastructure
                • Cell Size
                • Excitation Contraction Coupling
                • Heart Atria / metabolism
                • Heart Atria / ultrastructure
                • Horses
                • Humans
                • Immunohistochemistry
                • Microscopy, Confocal
                • Microscopy, Fluorescence
                • Myocytes, Cardiac / metabolism
                • Myocytes, Cardiac / ultrastructure
                • Sheep
                • Wheat Germ Agglutinins

                Grant Funding

                • FS/09/002/26487 / British Heart Foundation
                • PG/09/062/27872 / British Heart Foundation

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