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Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society2024; doi: 10.1007/s00335-024-10083-y

Unraveling the genetic and physiological potential of donkeys: insights from genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics approaches.

Abstract: Donkeys (Equus asinus) have played a vital role in agriculture, transportation, and companionship, particularly in developing regions where they are indispensable working animals. The domestication of donkeys marked a significant turning point in human history, as they became essential for transportation, agriculture, and trade, especially in arid and semi-arid areas where their resilience and endurance were highly valued. In modern society, donkeys are indispensable due to their diversified applications, including meat, dairy, medicine, and functional bioproducts, supporting economic, cultural, and medical industries. Despite their critical importance, research on donkeys has historically been overshadowed with studies on horses. However, recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics have significantly deepened our understanding of the molecular landscape of donkey genome, uncovering their unique adaptations, genetic diversity, and potential therapeutic applications. Microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers have proven effective in assessing the genetic diversity of donkeys across various regions of the world. Additionally, significant strides have been made in characterizing differentially abundant genes, proteins, and metabolic profiles in donkey milk, meat, and skin, and in identifying specific genes/proteins/metabolites associated with sperm quality, motility, and reproduction. Advanced genomic technologies, such as genome-wide association studies and the identification of selection signatures, have also been instrumental in delineating genomic regions associated with phenotypic and adaptive traits. This review integrates data from diverse studies, including those on genetic diversity, transcriptomics, whole genome sequencing, protein analysis, and metabolic profiling, to provide a comprehensive overview of donkey biology. It underscores the unique characteristics of donkeys and emphasizes the importance of continued research to improve their genetic management, conservation, and agricultural use, ensuring their ongoing contribution to human societies.
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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Publication Date: 2024-11-07 PubMed ID: 39510983PubMed Central: 8347375DOI: 10.1007/s00335-024-10083-yGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article is an exploration of the genetic and physiological potential of donkeys, incorporating insights from genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to deepen understanding of their unique characteristics, adaptations, and potential therapeutic applications. The study is grounded in advanced genomic technologies and embraces a comprehensive approach that brings together findings from a range of studies.

Understanding the Importance of Donkeys

  • The study stresses the vital role donkeys (Equus asinus) have played throughout history in agriculture, transportation, and companionship, especially in developing regions. In these areas, donkeys are indispensable working animals, known for their resilience and endurance.
  • In addition to their traditional roles, modern societies have found varied applications for donkeys in meat, dairy, medicine, and the production of functional bioproducts. This supports important economic, cultural, and medical industries.
  • The importance of donkeys, their unique attributes, and their potential therapeutic applications are the key factors that drive the need for research in this area.

Unraveling the Genetics of Donkeys

  • Although research on donkeys has been overshadowed by studies on horses, advancements in high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics have enabled significant progress in understanding the genetic makeup and diversity of donkeys.
  • Tools such as microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers have been effective in evaluating the genetic diversity of donkeys across the world.
  • These studies delve into the genes, proteins, and metabolic profiles abundant in donkey milk, meat, and skin, as well as those associated with sperm quality, motility, and reproduction.

The Role of Advanced Genomic Technologies

  • The authors discuss the use of advanced genomic technologies, such as genome-wide association studies and the identification of selection signatures. These have been crucial in defining genomic regions associated with phenotypic and adaptive traits.
  • By integrating data from a variety of studies, including genetic diversity, transcriptomics, whole genome sequencing, protein analysis, and metabolic profiling, the research provides a more exhaustive overview of donkey biology than previously possible.

Implications and Future Prospects

  • The research underscores the unique characteristics of donkeys and the necessity of ongoing research to enhance their genetic management, conservation, and agricultural usage.
  • By presenting a robust understanding of the genetic and physiological potential of donkeys, the study supports their sustained contribution to human societies.

Cite This Article

APA
Parsad R, Bagiyal M, Ahlawat S, Arora R, Gera R, Chhabra P, Sharma U. (2024). Unraveling the genetic and physiological potential of donkeys: insights from genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics approaches. Mamm Genome. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00335-024-10083-y

Publication

Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society
ISSN: 1432-1777
NlmUniqueID: 9100916
Country: United States
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

Parsad, Ram
  • ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India.
Bagiyal, Meena
  • ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India.
Ahlawat, Sonika
  • ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India. sonika.ahlawat@gmail.com.
Arora, Reena
  • ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India.
Gera, Ritika
  • ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India.
Chhabra, Pooja
  • ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India.
Sharma, Upasna
  • ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, India.

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