Uterine hemodynamic patterns, oxidative stress, and chromoendoscopy in mares with endometritis.
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the use of Doppler ultrasound for determining alterations in uterine thickness and uterine arteries, use of chromohysteroscopy in evaluating endometritis with biopsies, and the impact of endometritis on oxidative and hormonal status. Twenty Arabian mares were divided into control and endometritis groups. Each underwent a physical examination, Doppler ultrasound, chromoendoscopy, and uterine biopsy. Blood samples from each animal were collected for hematologic, hormonal, and oxidative analysis. Results revealed a significant increase in estradiol, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide metabolites (NOMs) associated with a significant decrease in progesterone and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the endometritis group. There was a significant difference in uterine thickness in the endometritis group. Uterine blood flow analyzed by color mode showed a significant increase in the endometritis group, while the spectral mode showed a significant increase in Doppler velocities and blood flow rate accompanied by a significant decrease in Doppler indices. The endometritis group showed ridged, bluish color in the endometrial wall, indicating hyperemia. Biopsy showed mononuclear inflammatory cells and edema in the endometrial interstitial tissue with sloughing of the epithelial lining. Conclusion: Endometritis in mares is associated with oxidative processes and presents with an increase in MDA and NOMs and a decrease in TAC. Doppler ultrasound improved endometritis diagnosis because it showed alterations in uterine vascularization. Chromoendoscopy improved the accuracy in taking biopsy samples because it allows the practitioner to select appropriate areas for biopsy to improve histopathological diagnostic outcomes. Therefore, this technique is worthy of further study in the field of veterinary equine reproduction.
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2020-09-12 PubMed ID: 32956860DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.09.012Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research work considers the effects of endometritis, a condition of uterine inflammation in mares, by focusing on attributes such as changes in uterine thickness and arteries, the effects on oxidative and hormone levels, and using advanced diagnostic methods including Doppler ultrasounds and chromohysteroscopy. Significant alterations were found in the endometritis group, revealing information pertinent for better diagnostic processes and treatments for the condition in the field of veterinary equine reproduction.
Study Design and Procedure
The study was organized with a group of 20 Arabian mares which were divided evenly into a control and an endometritis group.
- They were subjected to physical exams and other analysis methods including Doppler ultrasound, chromoendoscopy, and uterine biopsy.
- Blood samples were drawn to assess hematologic, hormonal, and oxidative parameters.
Key Findings
From the study, some interesting patterns and findings emerged:
- Significant increases in estradiol, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide metabolites (NOMs) were seen in the endometritis group, along with a decrease in progesterone and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).
- Increased uterine thickness and blood flow were also manifested in these mares, as revealed by Doppler ultrasound.
- In terms of physical appearance, the endometritis group’s endometrial wall showed a ridged, bluish color, indicating hyperemia.
- The biopsy results in the same group showed inflammation and edema in the endometrial interstitial tissue.
Conclusions
Based on the observations, the study concluded:
- Endometritis in mares is associated with oxidative processes and hormonal changes, evidenced by an increase in MDA and NOMs and a decrease in TAC.
- Doppler ultrasounds have proven to be an effective tool in diagnosing endometritis by revealing changes in uterine vascularization.
- The use of chromoendoscopy allowed for improved accuracy during the biopsy process by permitting the practitioner to select appropriate areas to sample, subsequently improving the histopathological diagnostic outcomes.
The study proposed that further investigation into these diagnostic techniques could offer significant benefits in the field of veterinary equine reproduction.
Cite This Article
APA
Abdelnaby EA, Emam IA, Salem NY, Ramadan ES, Khattab MS, Farghali HA, Abd El Kader NA.
(2020).
Uterine hemodynamic patterns, oxidative stress, and chromoendoscopy in mares with endometritis.
Theriogenology, 158, 112-120.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.09.012 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. Electronic address: Elshymaa.Ahmed@cu.edu.eg.
- Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Endometritis / veterinary
- Endometrium
- Female
- Hemodynamics
- Horse Diseases / diagnostic imaging
- Horses
- Oxidative Stress
- Uterus / diagnostic imaging
Citations
This article has been cited 13 times.- Cecchini Gualandi S, Di Palma T, Boni R. Serological and Uterine Biomarkers for Detecting Endometritis in Mares. Animals (Basel) 2023 Jan 11;13(2).
- Abdelnaby EA, Emam IA, El-Sherbiny HR, Fadl AM. The effects of aging and gestational month on uteroplacental vascular perfusion, and umbilical artery hemodynamics in pregnant jennies. BMC Vet Res 2022 Nov 15;18(1):404.
- Boni R, Cecchini Gualandi S. Relationship between Oxidative Stress and Endometritis: Exploiting Knowledge Gained in Mares and Cows. Animals (Basel) 2022 Sep 13;12(18).
- Daghash SM, Yasin NAE, Abdelnaby EA, Emam IA, Tolba A, Abouelela YS. Histological and hemodynamic characterization of corpus luteum throughout the luteal phase in pregnant and non-pregnant buffalos in relation to nitric oxide levels based on its anatomical determination. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:896581.
- Abdelnaby EA, Yasin NAE, Abouelela YS, Rashad E, Daghash SM, El-Sherbiny HR. Ovarian, uterine, and luteal vascular perfusions during follicular and luteal phases in the adult cyclic female rabbits with special orientation to their histological detection of hormone receptor. BMC Vet Res 2022 Aug 4;18(1):301.
- Ortega-Ferrusola C, Gómez-Arrones V, Martín-Cano FE, Gil MC, Peña FJ, Gaitskell-Phillips G, Da Silva-Álvarez E. Advances in the ultrasound diagnosis in equine reproductive medicine: New approaches. Reprod Domest Anim 2022 Oct;57 Suppl 5(Suppl 5):34-44.
- Da Silva-Álvarez E, Gómez-Arrones V, Martín-Cano FE, Gaitskell-Phillips G, Ortiz-Rodríguez JM, Carrasco JJ, Gil MC, Peña Vega FJ, Ortega Ferrusola C. Endometrial area of the blood flow as a marker of endometritis in equine. Reprod Domest Anim 2022 Oct;57 Suppl 5(Suppl 5):98-102.
- El-Sherbiny HR, El-Shalofy AS, Samir H. Exogenous L-carnitine Administration Ameliorates the Adverse Effects of Heat Stress on Testicular Hemodynamics, Echotexture, and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Rams. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:860771.
- Abdelnaby EA, El-Sherbiny HR, Alhaider AK, Marzok M, Emam IA. Effect of Immunization Against Inhibin on Camel Testicular Morphometry, Echotexture Analysis, Semen Quality, and Vascularization in Relation to Hormonal Aspect. Vet Sci 2025 Sep 15;12(9).
- El-Sayed A, Refaai M, Ateya A. Doppler ultrasonographic scan, gene expression and serum profile of immune, APPs and antioxidant markers in Egyptian buffalo-cows with clinical endometritis. Sci Rep 2024 Mar 8;14(1):5698.
- Zdrojkowski Ł, Pawliński B, Skierbiszewska K, Jasiński T, Domino M. Assessment of Connective Tissue in the Equine Uterus and Cervix: Review of Clinical Impact and Staining Options. Animals (Basel) 2024 Jan 3;14(1).
- Song P, Sun M, Liu C, Liu J, Lin P, Chen H, Zhou D, Tang K, Wang A, Jin Y. Reactive Oxygen Species Damage Bovine Endometrial Epithelial Cells via the Cytochrome C-mPTP Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023 Dec 16;12(12).
- Abdelnaby EA, Alhaider AK, El-Maaty AMA, Ragab RSA, Seida AA, El-Badry DA. Ovarian and uterine arteries blood flow velocities waveform, hormones and nitric oxide in relation to ovulation in cows superstimulated with equine chorionic gonadotropin and luteolysis induction 10 and 17 days after ovulation. BMC Vet Res 2023 Oct 13;19(1):205.
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