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Varied prevalence of Borna disease virus infection in Arabic, thoroughbred and their cross-bred horses in Iran.
Abstract: Borna disease virus (BDV) naturally infects horses and sheep and induces progressive poliomeningoencephalomyelitis. Here, BDV recombinant proteins of the first open reading frame (ORF-I; coding for p40 nucleoprotein) and the second ORF-II (coding for p24 polymerase cofactor) were immunoblotted with plasma derived from 72 healthy (28 Arabic, 17 thoroughbred and 27 cross-bred) race horses at Tehran in Iran to detect anti-BDV antibodies. In addition, their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were also examined for BDV RNA by a nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at ORF-II. The prevalence of BDV antibodies and/or RNA was 41.2% in Arabic, 23.5% in thoroughbred, and 33.3% in cross-bred horses, but only 17.9, 5.9, and 11.1% of them, respectively, showed positive signals for both BDV antibodies and RNA. Especially, cross-bred horses showed a higher prevalence for BDV RNA, which was detected only in females. In addition, significantly higher prevalence for BDV RNA was observed in Arabic males and thoroughbred females. The BDV prevalence did not increase with aging of the horse. Sequencing at the region of BDV derived from Iranian horses revealed a slight difference from those of Japanese horse- and European horse-derived BDVs even in the amino acid residues, although those in the three groups of Iranian horses were quite similar. Thus, the varied prevalence of BDV was observed with the horse strain or sex in Iranian horses, although BDV sequences were very similar among all three groups in Iran compared with those derived from other countries.
Publication Date: 1996-11-01 PubMed ID: 8896237DOI: 10.1016/0168-1702(96)01355-xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The study explores the varied prevalence of the Borna disease virus (BDV) in different breeds of horses in Iran: Arabic, thoroughbred, and cross-bred. The study found the prevalence did not increase with the horse’s age, and BDV sequences were similar among all groups in Iran compared with those from other countries.
Objective of Research
- The main goal of this research was to analyze the varying prevalence of Borna disease virus (BDV) in Arabic, thoroughbred, and cross-bred horses in Iran. Also, the study sought to unearth the possible impact of factors such as the horse’s age, breed, and sex in BDV prevalence.
Research Methodology
- A total of 72 healthy race horses, comprising of 28 Arabic, 17 thoroughbred, and 27 cross-bred horses were involved in the study.
- BDV recombinant proteins were immunoblotted with plasma from the sample horses to detect anti-BDV antibodies.
- The horses’ Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were examined for BDV RNA via a nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at ORF-II.
- The BDV sequences generated from the Iranian horses were compared with those derived from Japanese and European horses.
Findings
- Results showed that the prevalence of BDV antibodies and or RNA was 41.2% in Arabic, 23.5% in thoroughbred, and 33.3% in cross-bred horses.
- Only 17.9, 5.9, and 11.1% of Arabic, thoroughbred, and cross-bred horses respectively, showed positive signals for both BDV antibodies and RNA.
- Cross-bred horses, particularly females, exhibited a higher prevalence for BDV RNA.
- BDV sequences derived from Iranian horses revealed slight differences from those of Japanese and European horses, even in the amino acid residues.
- The prevalence of BDV did not increase with the age of the horse.
Conclusion
- In conclusion, the study revealed a varied prevalence of BDV, which was observed with the strain or sex of the horse. However, the BDV sequences were quite similar among all three groups of Iranian horses compared with those derived from other countries.
Cite This Article
APA
Bahmani MK, Nowrouzian I, Nakaya T, Nakamura Y, Hagiwara K, Takahashi H, Rad MA, Ikuta K.
(1996).
Varied prevalence of Borna disease virus infection in Arabic, thoroughbred and their cross-bred horses in Iran.
Virus Res, 45(1), 1-13.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1702(96)01355-x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Section of Serology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
MeSH Terms
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / blood
- Base Sequence
- Borna Disease / diagnosis
- Borna Disease / epidemiology
- Borna Disease / immunology
- Borna disease virus / genetics
- Borna disease virus / isolation & purification
- DNA Primers
- Female
- Gene Products, gag / biosynthesis
- Gene Products, gag / chemistry
- Genome, Viral
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horses
- Iran / epidemiology
- Japan
- Lymphocytes / virology
- Male
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Open Reading Frames
- Phylogeny
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
- Prevalence
- RNA, Viral / blood
- Reference Values
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Sheep
- Species Specificity
Citations
This article has been cited 16 times.- Shatizadeh-Malekshahi S, Ahmadkhaniha HR, Kiani SJ, Nejati A, Janani L, Yavarian J. No molecular evidence of Borna disease virus among schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients in Iran. Iran J Microbiol 2017 Apr;9(2):112-118.
- Soltani H, Mohammadzadeh S, Makvandi M, Pakseresht S, Samarbaf-Zadeh A. Detection of Borna Disease Virus (BDV) in Patients with First Episode of Schizophrenia. Iran J Psychiatry 2016 Oct;11(4):257-261.
- Takino T, Okamura T, Ando T, Hagiwara K. Change in the responsiveness of interferon-stimulated genes during early pregnancy in cows with Borna virus-1 infection. BMC Vet Res 2016 Nov 14;12(1):253.
- Mazaheri-Tehrani E, Maghsoudi N, Shams J, Soori H, Atashi H, Motamedi F, Bode L, Ludwig H. Borna disease virus (BDV) infection in psychiatric patients and healthy controls in Iran. Virol J 2014 Sep 3;11:161.
- Zhang L, Lei Y, Liu X, Wang X, Liu Z, Li D, Zheng P, Zhang L, Chen S, Xie P. Glutamate and lipid metabolic perturbation in the hippocampi of asymptomatic borna disease virus-infected horses. PLoS One 2014;9(6):e99752.
- Song JW, Na KS, Tae SH, Kim YK. Borna disease virus antibody and RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of race horses and jockeys in Korea. Psychiatry Investig 2011 Mar;8(1):58-60.
- Hagiwara K, Tsuge Y, Asakawa M, Kabaya H, Okamoto M, Miyasho T, Taniyama H, Ishihara C, de la Torre JC, Ikuta K. Borna disease virus RNA detected in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Primates 2008 Jan;49(1):57-64.
- Pisoni G, Nativi D, Bronzo V, Codazza D. Sero-epidemiological study of Borna disease virus infection in the Italian equine population. Vet Res Commun 2007 Aug;31 Suppl 1:245-8.
- Hornig M, Briese T, Lipkin WI. Borna disease virus. J Neurovirol 2003 Apr;9(2):259-73.
- Enbergs HK, Vahlenkamp TW, Kipar A, Müller H. Experimental infection of mice with Borna disease virus (BDV): replication and distribution of the virus after intracerebral infection. J Neurovirol 2001 Jun;7(3):272-7.
- Carbone KM. Borna disease virus and human disease. Clin Microbiol Rev 2001 Jul;14(3):513-27.
- Nakamura Y, Takahashi H, Shoya Y, Nakaya T, Watanabe M, Tomonaga K, Iwahashi K, Ameno K, Momiyama N, Taniyama H, Sata T, Kurata T, de la Torre JC, Ikuta K. Isolation of Borna disease virus from human brain tissue. J Virol 2000 May;74(10):4601-11.
- Weissenböck H, Hornig M, Hickey WF, Lipkin WI. Microglial activation and neuronal apoptosis in Bornavirus infected neonatal Lewis rats. Brain Pathol 2000 Apr;10(2):260-72.
- Gonzalez-Dunia D, Sauder C, de la Torre JC. Borna disease virus and the brain. Brain Res Bull 1997;44(6):647-64.
- Richt JA, Pfeuffer I, Christ M, Frese K, Bechter K, Herzog S. Borna disease virus infection in animals and humans. Emerg Infect Dis 1997 Jul-Sep;3(3):343-52.
- Hagiwara K, Kawamoto S, Takahashi H, Nakamura Y, Nakaya T, Hiramune T, Ishihara C, Ikuta K. High prevalence of Borna disease virus infection in healthy sheep in Japan. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1997 May;4(3):339-44.
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