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Microorganisms2024; 12(4); 824; doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12040824

Whole-Genome Sequencing and Phenotypic Analysis of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus Sequence Type 147 Isolated from China.

Abstract: subsp. () is one of the important zoonotic and opportunistic pathogens. In recent years, there has been growing evidence that supports the potential role of in severe diseases in horses and other animals, including humans. Furthermore, the clinical isolation and drug resistance rates of have been increasing yearly, leading to interest in its in-depth genomic analysis. In order to deepen the understanding of the characteristics and genomic features, we investigated the genomic islands, mobile genetic elements, virulence and resistance genes, and phenotype of strain ZHZ 211 (ST147), isolated from an equine farm in China. We obtained a 2.18 Mb, high-quality chromosome and found eight genomic islands. According to a comparative genomic investigation with other reference strains, ZHZ 211 has more virulence factors, like an iron uptake system, adherence, exoenzymes, and antiphagocytosis. More interestingly, ZHZ 211 has acquired a mobile genetic element (MGE), prophage Ph01, which was found to be in the chromosome of this strain and included two hyaluronidase () genes, important virulence factors of the strain. Moreover, two transposons and two virulence () genes were found to be located in the same genome island of ZHZ 211. In vitro phenotypic results showed that ZHZ 211 grows faster and is resistant to clarithromycin, enrofloxacin, and sulfonamides. The higher biofilm-forming capabilities of ZHZ 211 may provide a competitive advantage for survival in its niche. The results expand our understanding of the genomic, pathogenicity, and resistance characterization of and facilitate further exploration of its molecular pathogenic mechanism.
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Publication Date: 2024-04-19 PubMed ID: 38674768PubMed Central: PMC11051846DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040824Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is a detailed study on the genomic characteristics, virulence, and resistance of Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus (ST147), a zoonotic and opportunistic pathogen, isolated from China.

Introduction

The research focuses on Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus, a major zoonotic and opportunistic pathogen. Recently, it has been linked to severe diseases in several animals, including horses and humans. Increased occurrences and resistance rates of this pathogen has led to an urgent need for an in-depth genetic analysis. The primary strain used in this study, named ZHZ 211 (ST147), was obtained from a horse farm in China.

Genomic Features

  • The genome of ZHZ 211 is found to be a high-quality chromosome measuring 2.18 Mb.
  • Eight distinct genomic islands have been identified within it.
  • Through comparative analysis with reference strains, ZHZ 211 was observed to contain more virulence features such as iron uptake system, adherence, exoenzymes, and antiphagocytosis.

Mobile Genetic Elements and Virulence Factors

  • ZHZ 211 has acquired a Mobile Genetic Element (MGE), a prophage Ph01, which is located inside its chromosome and includes two hyaluronidase genes, which are key virulence factors of this strain.
  • Additionally, within the same genomic island of ZHZ 211, two transposons and two virulence genes have been found.

Phenotype and Resistance

  • The ZHZ 211 strain demonstrated an accelerated growth rate in-vitro and displayed resistance to antibiotics such as clarithromycin, enrofloxacin, and sulfonamides.
  • The strain also exhibited higher biofilm-forming capabilities, providing it with a competitive advantage for survival and proliferation in its niche environment.

Conclusion

Through this detailed analysis, the research has not only expanded our knowledge of the genomic structure, pathogenicity, and antibacterial resistance of the Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus, but it also paves a way for further exploration and understanding of its molecular pathogenic mechanisms.

Cite This Article

APA
Su Y, Zhang Z, Wang L, Zhang B, Su L. (2024). Whole-Genome Sequencing and Phenotypic Analysis of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus Sequence Type 147 Isolated from China. Microorganisms, 12(4), 824. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12040824

Publication

Microorganisms
ISSN: 2076-2607
NlmUniqueID: 101625893
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 4
PII: 824

Researcher Affiliations

Su, Yan
  • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Zhang, Zehua
  • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Wang, Li
  • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Zhang, Baojiang
  • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Su, Lingling
  • Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000, China.

Grant Funding

  • 2023SNGGGCC001 / three agricultural key personal training project of autonomous region
  • U1803108 / the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
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