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Iranian journal of basic medical sciences2020; 22(12); 1440-1444; doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2019.14052

A comparative study on the equine and camelid antivenoms upon cardiovascular changes induced with Hemiscorpius lepturus venom in rats.

Abstract: In this study, the neutralizing abilities of the equine and the recently introduced camelid antivenoms on the hemodynamic parameters (inotropism, chronotropism, and arrhythmogenicity) were assessed following envenomation by venom in rats. Methods: At first, the electrophoretic profiles of both products were obtained by using the SDS-PAGE method (12.5%) and stained with Coomassie blue and silver nitrate. Secondly, different doses of the camelid antivenom (10, 50, and 100 µl) were given intravenously in 10 min before venom injection (400 µg/rat). The neutralizing potencies of camelid and equine antivenoms were measured by preincubation (100 µl) with venom for 30 min at room temperature. Finally, equal amounts of the antivenoms were injected intravenously to observe the hemodynamic changes. Results: Based on the electrophoretic profile, it was evident that undesired proteins significantly decreased in equine antivenom, owing to impurities. Pretreatment with the camelid antivenom (100 µl), neutralized the elevation of the mean arterial pressure evoked with scorpion venom injection (88.15±4.56 versus 10.2±1.23 percent at the 8th min). The Incubation of the venom and the camelid antivenom counteracted the hemodynamic changes, but the equine product had no effect. The intravascular injection of the equine antivenom transiently increased the mean arterial pressure as compared to the control (108.67±8.63 mmHg versus 52.67±1.93 mmHg at the 10 min). Conclusions: The most obvious finding emerging from this study was that the camelid antivenom neutralized the hemodynamic changes in rats significantly, but in comparison, the equine antivenom had just a minor ability.
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Publication Date: 2020-03-07 PubMed ID: 32133062PubMed Central: PMC7043884DOI: 10.22038/IJBMS.2019.14052Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article explores the comparison of neutralizing effects of equine and camelid antivenoms on cardiovascular changes brought about by Hemiscorpius lepturus venom in rats. The study concluded that camelid antivenom was significantly effective in neutralizing venom-induced hemodynamic changes in rats, while the equine antivenom showed only minor ability.

Methods

  • Firstly, the electrophoretic profiles of both the equine and camelid antivenoms were obtained using the Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method, a common laboratory technique used to separate proteins according to their molecular weight. The Gel was then stained with Coomassie blue and silver nitrate.
  • In the second phase, different doses of the camelid antivenom were injected intravenously into rats 10 minutes before the venom injection. The doses used for this purpose were 10, 50, and 100 µl.
  • The neutralizing potentials of the antivenoms were then measured by preincubating them with the Hemiscorpius lepturus venom for about 30 minutes at room temperature.
  • Lastly, equal amounts of both antivenoms were injected into the rats intravenously, and the resulting hemodynamic changes were observed.

Results

  • The electrophoretic profile indicated that the equine antivenom contained a significant number of undesired proteins, which are attributed to impurities. This might affect the efficacy of this antivenom.
  • Pre-treatment with the camelid antivenom significantly neutralized the elevation of the mean arterial pressure that occurs with the scorpion venom injection.
  • The camelid antivenom showed positive results in countering the venom-induced hemodynamic changes. However, the equine product failed to show any significant effect.
  • The administration of equine antivenom led to a transient increase in the mean arterial pressure when compared to that of the control.

Conclusions

  • The most crucial finding in this study is the pronounced ability of camelid antivenom in neutralizing venom-induced hemodynamic changes which involve the functions and rhythmic activities of the heart.
  • In contrast, the equine antivenom, despite being widely used, only showed minor neutralizing ability under the same conditions.

Overall, this study emphasizes the need for better purification methods for equine antivenom and draws attention to the effectiveness of camelid antivenom against Hemiscorpius lepturus venom in preventing cardiovascular changes.

Cite This Article

APA
Fatemikia H, Kamyab M, Movahed A, Sadeghi M, Kim E, Behdani M, Mohammadpour Dounighi N, Shahrivar M, Seyedian R. (2020). A comparative study on the equine and camelid antivenoms upon cardiovascular changes induced with Hemiscorpius lepturus venom in rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 22(12), 1440-1444. https://doi.org/10.22038/IJBMS.2019.14052

Publication

Iranian journal of basic medical sciences
ISSN: 2008-3866
NlmUniqueID: 101517966
Country: Iran
Language: English
Volume: 22
Issue: 12
Pages: 1440-1444

Researcher Affiliations

Fatemikia, Hossein
  • Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Kamyab, Mostafa
  • Department of Aquatic Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Movahed, Ali
  • The Persian Gulf Tropical Research Center, Biochemistry Group, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Sadeghi, Mehdi
  • Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Kim, Euikyung
  • College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea.
Behdani, Mahdi
  • Biotechnology Research Center, Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammadpour Dounighi, Naser
  • Department of Human Vaccine and Serum, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
Shahrivar, Mehrnaz
  • School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
Seyedian, Ramin
  • Department of Pharmacology, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.

Conflict of Interest Statement

None.

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