A fractal analysis of pathogen detection by biosensors.
Abstract: A fractal analysis is presented for the detection of pathogens such as Franscisela tularensis, Yersinia pestis (the bacterium that causes plague), Bacillus anthracis, Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus, Vavcinia virus, and Escherichia coli using a cellular analysis and notification of antigens risks and yields (CANARY) biosensor [T.H. Rider, M.S. Petrovic, F.E. Nargi, J.D Harper, E.D. Schwoebel, R.H. Mathews, D.J. Blanchard, L.T Bortolin, A.M. Young, J. Chen, M.A. Hollis, A cell-based sensor for rapid identification of pathogens, Science 301 (2003, 11 July) 213-215, T.H. Rider, M.S. Petrovic, F.E. Nargi, J.D. Harper, E.D. Schwoebel, R.H. Mathews, D.J. Blanchard, L.T. Bortolin, A.M. Young, J. Chen, M.A. Hollis, A cell-based sensor for rapid identification of pathogens, Science 301 (2003, 11 July) 213-215. Science Online, www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/031/5630/213/DC1]. In general, the binding and dissociation rate coefficients may be adequately described by either a single- or a dual-fractal analysis. An attempt is made to relate the binding rate coefficient to the degree of heterogeneity (fractal dimension value) present on the biosensor surface. Binding and dissociation rate coefficient values obtained are presented. Due to the dilute nature of the analyte(s) present, in some cases, a triple-fractal analysis is required to adequately describe the binding kinetics. It should be noted, and this is not entirely unexpected, that there is a lot of variation in the original experimental data when dilute concentrations of the analyte were analyzed by the CANARY biosensor [T.H. Rider, M.S. Petrovic, F.E. Nargi, J.D Harper, E.D. Schwoebel, R.H. Mathews, D.J. Blanchard, L.T Bortolin, A.M. Young, J. Chen, M.A. Hollis, A cell-based sensor for rapid identification of pathogens, Science 301 (2003, 11 July) 213-215, Science Online, www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/031/5630/213/DC1]. The data analyzed in this manuscript appears smoother since only discrete points at different time intervals were analyzed. The kinetics aspects along with the affinity values presented are of interest and should along with the rate coefficients presented for the binding and the dissociation phase be of significant interest in help designing better biosensors for an application area that is bound to gain increasing importance in the future.
Publication Date: 2004-12-25 PubMed ID: 15617812DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2004.07.041Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research examines how a fractal analysis can be used in biosensors for the detection of various pathogens including the bacteria that causes plague and the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. The outcomes of the study are focused on improving biosensor design for greater effectiveness in pathogen detection.
Fractal Analysis and Pathogen Detection
- The study introduces a fractal analysis conducted to monitor the detection of various pathogens such as Franscisela tularensis, Yersinia pestis, Bacillus anthracis, Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus, Vavcinia virus, and Escherichia coli.
- This analysis uses a cellular analysis and notification of antigens risks and yields (CANARY) biosensor, a type of device designed to rapidly identify specific types of pathogens.
- The main variable considered in the research is the binding and dissociation rate coefficients – parameters that describe how quickly a potential pathogen binds to or detaches from a biosensor.
- Researchers found that these rates can accurately be described through the use of either single- or dual-fractal analysis, thus establishing a link between such coefficients and the degree of heterogeneity (fractal dimension value) present on the biosensor surface.
Analyte Nature and Binding Kinetics
- This study also addresses some challenges related to the analyte’s dilute nature. An analyte refers to the substance or chemical constituent that is of interest in an analytical procedure.
- Because the analytes (in this case, the pathogens) present are often in extremely low concentrations, there were variations in the original experimental data. In some scenarios, they found that a triple-fractal analysis was required to sufficiently describe the binding kinetics.
Implications and Future Applications
- The article emphasizes the usefulness of understanding the kinetics aspects and the affinity values presented in the research.
- Such information is deemed to be significant for future biosensor design and applications, especially considering the increasing importance of applications for rapid identification of pathogens.
- By understanding the binding and dissociation rates and related fractal analyses, researchers, and biosensor developers can use this information to design better and more efficient pathogen-detecting biosensors.
Cite This Article
APA
Morris BA, Sadana A.
(2004).
A fractal analysis of pathogen detection by biosensors.
Biophys Chem, 113(1), 67-81.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpc.2004.07.041 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Mississippi, Post Office Box 1848, University, MS 38677-1848, USA.
MeSH Terms
- B-Lymphocytes / microbiology
- Biosensing Techniques / methods
- Fractals
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