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Archives of microbiology2022; 204(7); 382; doi: 10.1007/s00203-022-03009-2

A high-throughput DNA sequencing study of fecal bacteria of seven Mexican horse breeds.

Abstract: Horses are non-ruminant, herbivorous mammals, been used through history for various purposes, with a gut microbiota from cecum to the colon, possessing remarkable fermentative capacity. We studied the fecal microbiota of Azteca, Criollo, Frisian, Iberian, Pinto, Quarter and Spanish horse breeds living in Mexico by next-generation DNA sequencing of 16S rRNA gene libraries. Dominant phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Fibrobacteres, Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia have different relative abundances among breeds, with contrasted alpha and beta diversities as well. Heatmap analysis revealed that Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Mogibacteriaceae families, and order Clostridiales are more abundant in Spanish, Azteca, Quarter and Criollo breeds. The LEfSe analysis displayed higher abundance of order Bacteroidales, family BS11, and genera Faecalibacterium, Comamonas, Collinsella, Acetobacter, and Treponema in Criollo, Azteca, Iberian, Spanish, Frisian, Pinto, and Quarter horse breeds. The conclusion is that dominant bacterial taxa, found in fecal samples of horse breeds living in Mexico, have different relative abundances.
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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Publication Date: 2022-06-10 PubMed ID: 35687150PubMed Central: 7676713DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03009-2Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

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The study explores the composition of fecal bacteria in seven horse breeds in Mexico using advanced DNA sequencing techniques, and it uncovers that the dominant bacterial families vary significantly among these breeds.

Objective of the Study

  • The main idea behind this research was to investigate the microbiota found in the fecal matter of different horse breeds living in Mexico. The analysis was based on sequencing the 16S rRNA gene libraries using next-generation DNA sequencing technology.

Methodology

  • Researchers collected fecal samples from seven horse breeds – Azteca, Criollo, Frisian, Iberian, Pinto, Quarter, and Spanish.
  • The samples were then analyzed using a sophisticated DNA sequencing method known as next-generation sequencing targeted at 16S rRNA gene libraries. This technique is commonly used in microbiota studies due to its accuracy and high throughput.
  • They compared the bacteria found in these samples, namely Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Fibrobacteres, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia, across the different horse breeds.

Results

  • The results showed that the dominant bacterial phyla had different relative abundances among the horse breeds.
  • Moreover, there were evident differences in alpha and beta diversity among the breeds studied. Alpha diversity refers to the diversity within a particular area or ecosystem, and beta diversity describes the diversity between ecosystems.
  • The heatmap analysis revealed that families such as Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Mogibacteriaceae, and the order Clostridiales were more abundant in the Spanish, Azteca, Quarter, and Criollo horse breeds.
  • The LEfSe analysis, a tool for biomarker discovery and explanation, signified higher abundance of order Bacteroidales, family BS11, and the genera including Faecalibacterium, Comamonas, Collinsella, Acetobacter, and Treponema across different horse breeds including Criollo, Azteca, Iberian, Spanish, Frisian, Pinto, and Quarter.

Conclusion

  • The study concluded that the dominant bacterial taxa present in fecal samples of horse breeds in Mexico differ in their relative abundances. This suggests the possibility of breed-determined differences in the gut microbiota of horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Hernández-Quiroz F, Murugesan S, Flores-Rivas C, Piña-Escobedo A, Juárez-Hernández JI, García-Espitia M, Chávez-Carbajal A, Nirmalkar K, García-Mena J. (2022). A high-throughput DNA sequencing study of fecal bacteria of seven Mexican horse breeds. Arch Microbiol, 204(7), 382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-022-03009-2

Publication

Archives of microbiology
ISSN: 1432-072X
NlmUniqueID: 0410427
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 204
Issue: 7
Pages: 382

Researcher Affiliations

Hernández-Quiroz, Fernando
  • Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, CDMX, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
  • Computer Science Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL), Lincoln, NE, USA.
Murugesan, Selvasankar
  • Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, CDMX, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
  • Division of Translational Medicine, Research Department, Sidra Medicine, 26999, Doha, Qatar.
Flores-Rivas, Cintia
  • Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, CDMX, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Piña-Escobedo, Alberto
  • Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, CDMX, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Juárez-Hernández, Josué Isaac
  • Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, CDMX, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
García-Espitia, Matilde
  • Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera 239, CDMX, 07320, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Chávez-Carbajal, Alejandra
  • Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, CDMX, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
  • Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Nirmalkar, Khemlal
  • Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, CDMX, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
  • Biodesign Center for Health through Microbiomes, Arizona State 16 University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
García-Mena, Jaime
  • Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, CDMX, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico. jgmena@cinvestav.mx.

MeSH Terms

  • Actinobacteria / genetics
  • Animals
  • Bacteroidetes / genetics
  • Clostridiales / genetics
  • Feces / microbiology
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Horses
  • Mammals / genetics
  • Mexico
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
  • Verrucomicrobia / genetics

Grant Funding

  • CONACyT 163235 INFR-2011-01 / Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
  • FONSEC SS/IMSS/ISSSTE-CONACYT-233361 / Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología

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