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Acta veterinaria Scandinavica2018; 60(1); 43; doi: 10.1186/s13028-018-0394-4

A prospective study on the microbiological examination of secretions from the paranasal sinuses in horses in health and disease.

Abstract: Diagnostics in equine sinusitis can be challenging and often require a combination of different imaging tools to ascertain its underlying aetiology. The bacterial flora of healthy and diseased paranasal sinuses, respectively, has only sporadically been assessed in horses. The objectives of this study were to determine whether assessment of microbiological features of secretions from the paranasal sinuses displays a useful diagnostic tool in equine sinusitis to distinguish between different aetiologies. Secretion samples from 50 horses with sinusitis and from 10 healthy horses were taken transendoscopically from the drainage angle of the nasomaxillary aperture using a guidable Swing Tip catheter. Bacteria found in healthy and diseased equine sinuses were compared. Endoscopic samples in all healthy and 19 diseased horses were compared with samples taken directly from the affected sinus after trephination. Results: Eleven of the 14 horses with primary sinusitis revealed growth of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus, with three samples yielding pure cultures. Anaerobes were found in 15 out of 26 samples from horses with dental sinusitis. Healthy sinuses revealed mainly α-haemolytic streptococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci or showed no growth. Enterobacteriaceae were found more frequently in secondary sinusitis. There were significant differences in the bacterial composition and diversity (P < 0.05) between primary sinusitis, dental sinusitis and healthy controls. The correlation between endoscopic and trephination samples was satisfying. Conclusions: Microbiological examination of secretions from horses with sinusitis collected transendoscopically can help to distinguish between primary and dental sinusitis. Therefore, it may display a feasible ancillary diagnostic tool, but does not replace a meticulous examination procedure including diagnostic imaging.
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Publication Date: 2018-07-05 PubMed ID: 29976217PubMed Central: PMC6034245DOI: 10.1186/s13028-018-0394-4Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

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The research presents a comparative study between the microbiological features of secretions from the paranasal sinuses of healthy horses and those with sinusitis. The goal was to identify distinguishing factors that could help in the diagnosis of equine sinusitis and differentiate between its primary and secondary causes.

Research Objective

  • The primary objective of this research was to explore the potential utility of a microbiological assessment of secretions from horse’s paranasal sinuses as a diagnostic tool for equine sinusitis. The study aimed to distinguish different causes, or aetiologies, of sinusitis in horses.

Study Design and Methods

  • Researchers collected secretion samples from two groups of horses – 50 horses diagnosed with sinusitis and 10 healthy horses.
  • These samples were collected using transendoscopy – a non-surgical procedure that allows examination and sample collection from internal organs.
  • After the collection, the samples were analysed to identify and compare the bacteria present in healthy and diseased equine sinuses.
  • For some diseased horses, samples taken through endoscopy were also compared with samples obtained directly from the affected sinus after surgery—a procedure known as trephination.

Results

  • The microflora in the secretions varied significantly between healthy horses, horses with primary sinusitis, and those with secondary sinusitis, usually due to dental issues.
  • In horses with primary sinusitis, the most commonly identified bacteria was Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus.
  • In contrast, horses with dental sinusitis frequently had anaerobic bacteria.
  • Healthy sinuses mainly contained α-haemolytic streptococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci or showed no bacterial growth.
  • Secondary sinusitis, not originating from dental issues, often contained Enterobacteriaceae.

Conclusions

  • The different bacterial composition and diversity in healthy and disease-affected sinuses suggest that a microbiological examination of equine sinus secretions could be a useful diagnostic tool.
  • This tool could help in distinguishing between primary and dental sinusitis.
  • However, the study emphasizes that it shouldn’t replace traditional procedures for diagnosis that involve meticulous examination and diagnostic imaging.

Cite This Article

APA
Gergeleit H, Verspohl J, Rohde J, Rohn K, Ohnesorge B, Bienert-Zeit A. (2018). A prospective study on the microbiological examination of secretions from the paranasal sinuses in horses in health and disease. Acta Vet Scand, 60(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-018-0394-4

Publication

Acta veterinaria Scandinavica
ISSN: 1751-0147
NlmUniqueID: 0370400
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 60
Issue: 1
Pages: 43
PII: 43

Researcher Affiliations

Gergeleit, Hauke
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 9, 30559, Hannover, Germany. hauke.gergeleit@tiho-hannover.de.
Verspohl, Jutta
  • Institute for Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173, Hannover, Germany.
Rohde, Judith
  • Institute for Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173, Hannover, Germany.
Rohn, Karl
  • Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 2, 30559, Hannover, Germany.
Ohnesorge, Bernhard
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 9, 30559, Hannover, Germany.
Bienert-Zeit, Astrid
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 9, 30559, Hannover, Germany.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Bacterial Infections / epidemiology
  • Bacterial Infections / microbiology
  • Bacterial Infections / veterinary
  • Female
  • Germany / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Paranasal Sinuses / metabolism
  • Paranasal Sinuses / microbiology
  • Prevalence
  • Prospective Studies
  • Sinusitis / epidemiology
  • Sinusitis / microbiology
  • Sinusitis / veterinary

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Rutkowski M, Krzemińska-Fiedorowicz L, Khachatryan G, Kabacińska J, Tischner M, Suder A, Kulik K, Lenart-Boroń A. Antibacterial Properties of Biodegradable Silver Nanoparticle Foils Based on Various Strains of Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from the Oral Cavity of Cats, Dogs and Horses. Materials (Basel) 2022 Feb 8;15(3).
    doi: 10.3390/ma15031269pubmed: 35161213google scholar: lookup
  2. Kau S, Mansfeld MD, Šoba A, Zwick T, Staszyk C. The facultative human oral pathogen Prevotella histicola in equine cheek tooth apical/ periapical infection: a case report. BMC Vet Res 2021 Oct 30;17(1):343.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-03048-9pubmed: 34717609google scholar: lookup
  3. Schwieder A, Pfarrer C, Ohnesorge B, Staszyk C, Bienert-Zeit A. Comparative studies on the histological characteristics of equine nasomaxillary aperture and paranasal sinus mucosa considering topographic and age-related differences. Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jun 23;62(1):34.
    doi: 10.1186/s13028-020-00534-2pubmed: 32576268google scholar: lookup
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