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Immunology1995; 84(3); 495-499;

Abnormal patterns of equine leucocyte differentiation antigen expression in severe combined immunodeficiency foals suggests the phenotype of normal equine natural killer cells.

Abstract: Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a fatal autosommal disease of Arabian horses that leads to failure of maturation of T- and B-lymphocyte populations, although natural killer (NK) cells are unaffected. Thymic and lymph node tissues from two foals suffering from SCID were examined in an immunohistological study using a panel of monoclonal antibodies recognising equine leucocyte differentiation antigens. In both foals, the majority of cells in lymphoid tissues had an EqCD3-EqCD4-EqCD8+ phenotype, although rare EqCD3+ cells were also detected. The EqCD3-EqCD4-EqCD8+ cells may represent an abnormal lymphocyte differentiation product resulting from the SCID defect, or alternatively may be a normal equine NK cell population. We suggest that the evidence favours the latter proposal, and that equine NK cells in normal horses therefore may be identified by an EqCD3-EqCD8+ phenotype. The implications for the nature of the equine SCID defect are discussed.
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Publication Date: 1995-03-01 PubMed ID: 7751035PubMed Central: PMC1415121
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study explores the severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) in Arabian horses, analyzing the abnormal patterns of leucocyte differentiation antigen expression, and suggests that the unique phenotype of the cells may indicate what constitutes normal equine natural killer (NK) cells.

Overview

This research focuses on severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), a fatal disease in Arabian horses that impedes the maturation of T- and B-lymphocyte populations. Interestingly, natural killer (NK) cells remain unaffected. Through a study of the thymic and lymph node tissues of two foals suffering from SCID, the researchers identify unusual cellular expression patterns.

Methodology

  • The researchers conducted an immunohistological study on the thymic and lymph node tissues of two SCID-affected foals.
  • This study utilized a panel of monoclonal antibodies that recognize equine leucocyte differentiation antigens.

Findings

  • The researchers found that in both foals, most cells in lymphoid tissues had an EqCD3-EqCD4-EqCD8+ phenotype.
  • They also observed some rare EqCD3+ cells, which could either be an abnormal lymphocyte differentiation product resulting from the SCID defect or possibly a normal equine NK cell population.

Conclusions and Suggestions

  • The researchers propose that the unusual EqCD3-EqCD4-EqCD8+ cells are more likely to be healthy equine NK cells, rather than an abnormal manifestation of SCID.
  • They suggest that in healthy horses, equine NK cells may be identified by an EqCD3-EqCD8+ phenotype.
  • Ultimately, these findings could influence our understanding of the nature of the SCID defect in horses and contribute to better treatments in the future.

Cite This Article

APA
Lunn DP, McClure JT, Schobert CS, Holmes MA. (1995). Abnormal patterns of equine leucocyte differentiation antigen expression in severe combined immunodeficiency foals suggests the phenotype of normal equine natural killer cells. Immunology, 84(3), 495-499.

Publication

Immunology
ISSN: 0019-2805
NlmUniqueID: 0374672
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 84
Issue: 3
Pages: 495-499

Researcher Affiliations

Lunn, D P
  • Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.
McClure, J T
    Schobert, C S
      Holmes, M A

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Antigens, Differentiation / analysis
        • Horse Diseases / immunology
        • Horses
        • Immunoenzyme Techniques
        • Immunophenotyping
        • Killer Cells, Natural / immunology
        • Lymph Nodes / immunology
        • Mesentery
        • Severe Combined Immunodeficiency / immunology
        • Severe Combined Immunodeficiency / veterinary
        • Thymus Gland / immunology

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        Citations

        This article has been cited 8 times.
        1. Patel RS, Tomlinson JE, Divers TJ, Van de Walle GR, Rosenberg BR. Single-cell resolution landscape of equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells reveals diverse cell types including T-bet(+) B cells. BMC Biol 2021 Jan 22;19(1):13.
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        2. Aleman M, Finno CJ, Weich K, Penedo MCT. Investigation of Known Genetic Mutations of Arabian Horses in Egyptian Arabian Foals with Juvenile Idiopathic Epilepsy. J Vet Intern Med 2018 Jan;32(1):465-468.
          doi: 10.1111/jvim.14873pubmed: 29171123google scholar: lookup
        3. Powell EJ, Cunnick JE, Knetter SM, Loving CL, Waide EH, Dekkers JC, Tuggle CK. NK cells are intrinsically functional in pigs with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) caused by spontaneous mutations in the Artemis gene. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016 Jul;175:1-6.
          doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.04.008pubmed: 27269786google scholar: lookup
        4. Ramsay JD, Ueti MW, Johnson WC, Scoles GA, Knowles DP, Mealey RH. Lymphocytes and macrophages are infected by Theileria equi, but T cells and B cells are not required to establish infection in vivo. PLoS One 2013;8(10):e76996.
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