Accumulation of uric acid in plasma after repeated bouts of exercise in the horse.
Abstract: Plasma concentration of uric acid, total peroxyl radical-trapping antioxidative parameter (TRAP), blood lactate concentration and plasma activity of xanthine oxidase (XO) were measured in six Standardbreed trotters after six bouts of exercise with increasing intensity on two separate days three days apart. Blood samples were taken immediately, 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 min after each heat and 2, 4, and 6 hr after the last heat. Exercise caused an increase in TRAP and in the concentrations of lactate and uric acid. Plasma uric acid concentration increased exponentially with respect to time after the last heat performed maximal speed, indicating a rapid increase in the rate of purine degradation. Plasma XO activity increased during exercise, but the intensity of exercise had only a minor effect on the level of XO activity. In conclusion, these data suggest that a threshold for the plasma accumulation of uric acid in terms of the intensity of exercise may exist and that XO may play a role in the formation of uric acid in horse plasma. Intense exercise causes an increase in the plasma antioxidant capacity that in the horse is mainly caused by the increase in the plasma uric acid concentration.
Publication Date: 1996-06-01 PubMed ID: 8759288DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(96)00022-3Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research paper investigates the increase in uric acid in the blood of horses after repeated strenuous exercise and suggests that intense exercise increases the accumulation of uric acid, possibly as a result of higher xanthine oxidase activity.
Research methodology
- Researchers used six Standardbreed trotters for this study, subjecting the horses to six rounds of increasingly intense exercise on two distinct days with a three-day interval.
- Blood samples were collected at specific intervals – immediately, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 minutes after each exercise session and 2, 4, and 6 hours after the final session.
- Test parameters included plasma concentration of uric acid, the total peroxyl radical-trapping antioxidative parameter or TRAP, blood lactate concentration, and the activity of the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO).
Observations and Findings
- Exercise caused an increase in the TRAP, and lactate and uric acid concentrations in the blood.
- The increase in plasma uric acid was exponential in relation to time after the most intense exercise, suggesting a rapid rise in purine (a uric acid precursor) degradation.
- There was a rise in plasma XO activity during exercise, but the intensity of exercise only had a minor impact on the enzyme’s activity level.
Conclusion and Implications
- The results suggest a potential threshold for uric acid accumulation in the blood, relative to exercise intensity.
- XO seems to contribute to the formation of uric acid in horse plasma during intense exercise.
- Intense exercise leads to an increase in plasma antioxidant capacity in horses, chiefly due to the rise in plasma uric acid concentration.
- This research provides valuable insights that could be critical for the understanding and management of exercise-related stress in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Räsänen LA, Wiitanen PA, Lilius EM, Hyyppä S, Pösö AR.
(1996).
Accumulation of uric acid in plasma after repeated bouts of exercise in the horse.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol, 114(2), 139-144.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(96)00022-3 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland. Leena.Az.Rasanen@helsinki.fi
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Female
- Horses / blood
- Lactic Acid / blood
- Male
- Physical Conditioning, Animal
- Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
- Uric Acid / blood
- Xanthine Oxidase / blood
- Xanthine Oxidase / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Dittmer KE, Heathcott RW, Marshall JC, Azarpeykan S. Expression of Phosphatonin-Related Genes in Sheep, Dog and Horse Kidneys Using Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR. Animals (Basel) 2020 Oct 5;10(10).
- Nakhostin-Roohi B, Niknam Z, Vaezi N, Mohammadi S, Bohlooli S. Effect of single dose administration of methylsulfonylmethane on oxidative stress following acute exhaustive exercise. Iran J Pharm Res 2013 Fall;12(4):845-53.
- Ji LL, Leichtweis S. Exercise and oxidative stress: Sources of free radicals and their impact on antioxidant systems. Age (Omaha) 1997 Apr;20(2):91-106.
- Barros MP, Ganini D, Lorenço-Lima L, Soares CO, Pereira B, Bechara EJ, Silveira LR, Curi R, Souza-Junior TP. Effects of acute creatine supplementation on iron homeostasis and uric acid-based antioxidant capacity of plasma after wingate test. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2012 Jun 12;9(1):25.
- Alberghina D, Piccione G, Amorini AM, D'Urso S, Longo S, Picardi M, Tavazzi B, Lazzarino G. Modulation of circulating purines and pyrimidines by physical exercise in the horse. Eur J Appl Physiol 2011 Mar;111(3):549-56.
- Kinnunen S, Hyyppä S, Lehmuskero A, Oksala N, Mäenpää P, Hänninen O, Atalay M. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and exercise-induced oxidative stress in trotters. Eur J Appl Physiol 2005 Dec;95(5-6):550-6.
- Chevion S, Moran DS, Heled Y, Shani Y, Regev G, Abbou B, Berenshtein E, Stadtman ER, Epstein Y. Plasma antioxidant status and cell injury after severe physical exercise. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003 Apr 29;100(9):5119-23.
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