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Immunogenetics1987; 25(1); 47-54; doi: 10.1007/BF00768832

Analysis of the equine lymphocyte antigen system by Southern blot hybridization.

Abstract: Fourteen Standardbred horses homozygous for one of six equine lymphocyte antigen (ELA) specificities (A1, A3, A4, A5, A6, or A10) were analyzed by Southern blot hybridization using DNA probes derived from the mouse major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Total genomic DNA from peripheral lymphocytes was digested with the restriction enzymes Hind III, Pvu II, or Eco RI. Twenty-three to thirty-three bands were generated for individual horses with the class I cDNA probe. The resulting band patterns revealed 12-14 nonpolymorphic fragments, which is consistent with the highly conserved Qa/Tla genes seen in other species. The remaining 10-19 bands displayed significant polymorphism; no two animals had identical band patterns when studied with all three enzymes. The polymorphism was markedly decreased between animals of the same ELA serotypes. Unique bands were identified in both A1 horses and all four A6 animals. Pvu II digestions of lymphocyte DNA were hybridized with mouse MHC class II probes. A cDNA probe for the E alpha gene revealed only a single nonpolymorphic band. In contrast, a cDNA probe for the H-2 A alpha locus displayed three to five strong bands in each animal with polymorphism that was most pronounced between horses of different ELA serotypes. Genomic DNA probes for A beta and E beta genes both revealed multiple polymorphic bands. However, cross-hybridization between these two probes prevented distinction between A beta and E beta equivalent loci. The reduced polymorphism evident within ELA specificities is consistent with the concept that the equine lymphocyte antigen system includes two families of closely linked MHC genes.
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Publication Date: 1987-01-01 PubMed ID: 2880799DOI: 10.1007/BF00768832Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research studied the equine lymphocyte antigen (ELA) system in horses using Southern blot hybridization and DNA probes from the mouse major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The study showed significant variation in the band patterns, suggesting that the ELA system contains two closely linked MHC gene families.

Objective and Methodology

This study sought to analyze the Equine Lymphocyte Antigen (ELA) system by using Southern blot hybridization, a method used to check for presence of a specific DNA sequence within a DNA sample. The researchers carried out this analysis on fourteen standardbred horses. These horses were homozygous (possessing two identical forms of a particular gene) for one of the six ELA specificities: A1, A3, A4, A5, A6, or A10.

  • The DNA samples used for this study were derived from lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. The DNA was dissected via three restriction enzymes: Hind III, Pvu II, and Eco RI.
  • The researchers applied a DNA probe from the mouse’s major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a set of cell-surface proteins essential for organism’s immune system, to conduct the Southern blot hybridization.

Results and Observations

  • When the class I cDNA probe was applied, between 23 to 33 bands were produced for each horse. Out of these, 12-14 were nonpolymorphic fragments, signifying they did not vary in form. This trait is shared with their counter parts in other species, the highly conserved Qa/Tla genes.
  • The remaining 10-19 bands exhibited prominent polymorphism (genetic variation). No similar band patterns were found in any two animals when studied under all the three enzymes.
  • There was however, marked decrease in variation among animals of the same ELA serotypes. Unique banding patterns were identified for both A1 horses and all four A6 horses.
  • There were more findings when lymphocyte DNA digested with Pvu II was studied with the mouse MHC class II probes. A cDNA probe for the E alpha gene only showed a singular, nonpolymorphic band. However, a significant polymorphism was observed within the bands revealed by a cDNA probe for the H-2 A alpha locus.
  • The probes for A beta and E beta genes also unraveled various polymorphic bands. Cross-hybridization between these two probes hindered distinction between A beta and E beta equivalent loci though.

Interpretation and Conclusion

  • The outcomes of this research indicate that the ELA system comprises of two interconnected families of MHC genes. This is inferred from the reduced polymorphism found within ELA specificities.
  • A clear understanding of genetic variations within ELA could be of great significance for studying immune response in horses, potentially leading to improved vaccination strategies and disease resistance.

Cite This Article

APA
Alexander AJ, Bailey E, Woodward JG. (1987). Analysis of the equine lymphocyte antigen system by Southern blot hybridization. Immunogenetics, 25(1), 47-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00768832

Publication

Immunogenetics
ISSN: 0093-7711
NlmUniqueID: 0420404
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 25
Issue: 1
Pages: 47-54

Researcher Affiliations

Alexander, A J
    Bailey, E
      Woodward, J G

        MeSH Terms

        • Animals
        • Antigens / analysis
        • DNA / genetics
        • Horses / genetics
        • Horses / immunology
        • Lymphocytes / immunology
        • Nucleic Acid Hybridization
        • Nucleotide Mapping
        • Polymorphism, Genetic
        • Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

        Grant Funding

        • CA 39070 / NCI NIH HHS

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        Citations

        This article has been cited 10 times.
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