Antibody moieties within circulating immune complexes in heart transplant recipients.
Abstract: Circulating immune complexes were isolated from the sera of cardiac allograft recipients by bovine conglutinin/anti-conglutinin co-precipitation, or by gel filtration and protein A-Sepharose affinity chromatography. The antibody moieties within these isolated immune complexes were tested for specificity against heterologous anti-thymocyte globulins by solid phase radioimmunoassay, and bacterial and viral antigens by indirect immunofluorescence. The results showed that in addition to possessing specific anti-equine anti-thymocyte globulin antibodies, immune complexes also contained cross-reacting antibodies to rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin and vice versa, despite the patients only having received antibody of one species. Similarly, antibodies directed against bacteria or viruses (cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex, virus, Epstein-Barr virus) were found within immune complexes obtained during overt infection, but also where infection was not detected. These results demonstrate the heterogeneous nature of immune complexes in heart transplant sera, and suggest that various stimuli, including ATG therapy, infection and possibly polyclonal B cell activation, may be involved in their generation in cardiac transplantation.
Publication Date: 1983-01-01 PubMed ID: 6339123PubMed Central: PMC1536760
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This study explored the immune response in heart transplant recipients by examining the circulating immune complexes in their blood serum. Notably, the researchers found that these immune complexes demonstrated reactive antibodies to organisms or foreign substances that the patients were not known to be exposed to.
Research Methodology
- The researchers studied the immune response of heart transplant recipients by isolating circulating immune complexes from the patients’ sera (the fluid part of blood) through bovine conglutinin/anti-conglutinin co-precipitation or gel filtration and protein A-Sepharose affinity chromatography. These are standard methods for isolating and concentrating immune complexes from bodily fluids.
- To ascertain the antibodies’ specificity within these immune complexes, they were tested against heterologous anti-thymocyte globulins using a solid phase radioimmunoassay – a common laboratory method used to measure antibodies in a sample.
- Additionally, the antibodies were tested against bacterial and viral antigens through indirect immunofluorescence – a technique that uses fluorescent molecules to identify specific cells or molecules.
Key Findings
- Results from the tests showed that, in addition to having specific anti-equine anti-thymocyte globulin antibodies, immune complexes also held cross-reacting antibodies to rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin. This occurred even though the patients had only received the antibody from a single species.
- Further, antibodies directed against bacteria or viruses (such as cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus) were detected within immune complexes even when no infection was detected in the patients.
- These findings suggest that various factors – including anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) therapy, infection, and possibly a general activation of the B cell immune response – can influence the generation of these heterogenous immune complexes in heart transplant patients.
Significance of the Research
- This study provides important insights into the immune response in transplant recipients and its potential complications. It highlights the complex and varied nature of immune responses, suggesting that multiple factors can stimulate the production of immune complexes.
- The identification of antigen-specific antibodies within immune complexes, even where exposure to the antigen is uncertain, might help in better understanding immune responses following organ transplantation. This could aid in the development of more effective graft management strategies and immunosuppressive therapy regimens.
Cite This Article
APA
Harkiss GD, Brown DL, Smith DJ, Nagington J.
(1983).
Antibody moieties within circulating immune complexes in heart transplant recipients.
Clin Exp Immunol, 51(1), 21-28.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Antibodies / analysis
- Antibody Specificity
- Antigen-Antibody Complex / analysis
- Antigens, Bacterial / immunology
- Antigens, Viral / immunology
- Antilymphocyte Serum / immunology
- Heart Transplantation
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / immunology
- T-Lymphocytes / immunology
- Transplantation Immunology
References
This article includes 13 references
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- Tucker DF, Begent RH, Hogg NM. Characterization of immune complexes in serum by adsorption on staphylococcal protein A: model studies and application to sera of rats bearing a gross virus-induced lymphoma.. J Immunol 1978 Nov;121(5):1644-51.
- Theofilopoulos AN, Dixon FJ. The biology and detection of immune complexes.. Adv Immunol 1979;28:89-220.
- Schmidtke JR, Rynasiewicz J, Gifford RR Sr, Ferguson RM, Najarian JS. In vivo elimination of equine antilymphocyte globulin by renal allograft recipients.. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1980 Mar;15(3):409-14.
- Rose LM, Lambert PH. The natural occurence of circulating idiotype--anti-idiotype complexes during a secondary immune response to phosphorylcholine.. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1980 Mar;15(3):481-92.
- English TA, Cooper DK, Cory-Pearce R. Recent experience with heart transplantation.. Br Med J 1980 Sep 13;281(6242):699-702.
- Rose LM, Goldman M, Lambert PH. Simultaneous induction of an idiotype, corresponding anti-idiotypic antibodies, and immune complexes during African trypanosomiasis in mice.. J Immunol 1982 Jan;128(1):79-85.
- Carpentier N, Benzonana G, Jeannet M, Leski M, Lambert PH. Association of a better kidney graft survival with the presence of circulating immune complexes before transplantation.. Transplantation 1982 Feb;33(2):181-3.
- Lachmann PJ, Macanovic M, Harkiss GD, Oldroyd RG, Habicht J. The isolation of the antibody moieties of immune complexes from serum by the pepsin digestion of conglutinin-anti-conglutinin complexes.. Clin Exp Immunol 1981 Nov;46(2):250-8.
- Reisberg MA, Rossen RD. Advantages and limitations of staphylococcal protein A-Sepharose for isolating soluble immune complexes from goat, rabbit and human sera.. Clin Exp Immunol 1981 Nov;46(2):443-52.
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Harkiss GD. Serial study of C reactive protein concentrations in cardiac allograft recipients.. J Clin Pathol 1985 Feb;38(2):193-7.
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