Antigenic and genetic analysis of H3N8 influenza viruses isolated from horses in Japan and Mongolia, and imported from Canada and Belgium during 2007-2010.
Abstract: A/equine/Kanazawa/1/2007 (H3N8), A/equine/Hokkaido/I828/2008 (H3N8) and A/equine/Mongolia/1/2008 (H3N8) were isolated from infected horses. A/equine/Yokohama/aq19/2009 (H3N8) and A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010 (H3N8) were isolated from horses imported from Canada and Belgium examined at the Animal Quarantine Service in Yokohama, Japan. In the present study, these five isolates were genetically and antigenically analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes showed that three isolates from horses in Japan and imported from Canada belonged to the same branch, clade 1 of the Florida sublineage, while the isolates from horses in Mongolia and imported from Belgium belonged to another branch, clade 2 of the Florida sublineage. Reactivity patterns of a panel of monoclonal antibodies to the HA of A/equine/Kanazawa/1/2007 (H3N8) with the five isolates indicate that the HAs of these viruses were antigenically similar to each other and to the reference strains A/equine/La Plata/1/1993 (H3N8) and A/equine/Avesta/1/1993 (H3N8). The present findings indicate that extensive antigenic variation has not accumulated among H3N8 influenza viruses in horses.
Publication Date: 2011-04-20 PubMed ID: 21505822DOI: 10.1007/s00705-011-1000-5Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research focuses on the genetic and antigenic analysis of influenza viruses (H3N8) isolated from horses in various regions, implying that despite geographical differences, these viruses show no significant antigenic variation.
Research Background and Objectives
- The study aimed to comparatively analyze five strains of H3N8 influenza viruses found in horses from Japan, Canada, Mongolia, and Belgium during the period of 2007-2010. These were isolated from infected horses and evaluated to understand their genetic and antigenic traits.
Research Methodology
- The five different isolates were studied in-depth, these included: A/equine/Kanazawa/1/2007 (H3N8), A/equine/Hokkaido/I828/2008 (H3N8), A/equine/Mongolia/1/2008 (H3N8), A/equine/Yokohama/aq19/2009 (H3N8), and A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010 (H3N8).
- The scientists performed antigenic and genetic testing, focusing specifically on the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of the influenza viruses.
- The reactivity of a panel of monoclonal antibodies to the HA of A/equine/Kanazawa/1/2007 (H3N8) with the five isolates was also tested.
Research Findings
- The phylogenetic investigation of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes illustrated that three isolates from horses in Japan and Canada were part of the same branch, clade 1 of the Florida sublineage. Simultaneously, the isolates from horses in Mongolia and Belgium were part of a different branch, clade 2 of the Florida sublineage.
- The study found out that the HAs of these viruses were antigenically comparable to each other and to the reference strains A/equine/La Plata/1/1993 (H3N8) and A/equine/Avesta/1/1993 (H3N8).
- Despite the geographical differences, there was no significant antigenic variation among the H3N8 influenza viruses in horses. This suggests that these viruses have a stable antigenic compound, which doesn’t change regardless of the geographical location.
Cite This Article
APA
Motoshima M, Okamatsu M, Asakura S, Kuribayashi S, Sengee S, Batchuluun D, Ito M, Maeda Y, Eto M, Sakoda Y, Sodnomdarjaa R, Kida H.
(2011).
Antigenic and genetic analysis of H3N8 influenza viruses isolated from horses in Japan and Mongolia, and imported from Canada and Belgium during 2007-2010.
Arch Virol, 156(8), 1379-1385.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-011-1000-5 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 18, West 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antigens, Viral
- Belgium / epidemiology
- Canada / epidemiology
- Hemagglutinins / chemistry
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / immunology
- Japan / epidemiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Models, Molecular
- Mongolia / epidemiology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections / epidemiology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
- Phylogeny
- Protein Conformation
- Time Factors
Citations
This article has been cited 11 times.- Oladunni FS, Oseni SO, Martinez-Sobrido L, Chambers TM. Equine Influenza Virus and Vaccines. Viruses 2021 Aug 20;13(8).
- Miño S, Mojsiejczuk L, Guo W, Zhang H, Qi T, Du C, Zhang X, Wang J, Campos R, Wang X. Equine Influenza Virus in Asia: Phylogeographic Pattern and Molecular Features Reveal Circulation of an Autochthonous Lineage. J Virol 2019 Jul 1;93(13).
- Nemoto M, Yamanaka T, Bannai H, Tsujimura K, Kokado H. Complete Genomic Sequences of H3N8 Equine Influenza Virus Strains Used as Vaccine Strains in Japan. Genome Announc 2018 Mar 22;6(12).
- Gamoh K, Nakamura S. Update of inactivated equine influenza vaccine strain in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2017 Mar 23;79(3):649-653.
- Lu G, Guo W, Qi T, Ma J, Zhao S, Tian Z, Pan J, Zhu C, Wang X, Xiang W. Genetic analysis of the PB1-F2 gene of equine influenza virus. Virus Genes 2013 Oct;47(2):250-8.
- Yondon M, Heil GL, Burks JP, Zayat B, Waltzek TB, Jamiyan BO, McKenzie PP, Krueger WS, Friary JA, Gray GC. Isolation and characterization of H3N8 equine influenza A virus associated with the 2011 epizootic in Mongolia. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2013 Sep;7(5):659-65.
- Dundon WG. Variability among the neuraminidase, non-structural 1 and PB1-F2 proteins in the influenza A virus genome. Virus Genes 2012 Jun;44(3):363-73.
- Enkhbat M, Batzorig U, Dashdondog N, Trujillo-Vargas CM, Dambadarjaa D, Gray GC. The Highly Interrelated Morbidity Respiratory Viruses Cause Among Humans and Animals in Mongolia. Viruses 2025 Nov 28;17(12).
- Nemoto M, Kawanishi N, Kambayashi Y, Bannai H, Yamanaka T, Garvey M, Cullinane A, Yamayoshi S, Kawaoka Y, Tsujimura K. Growth properties of recombinant equine influenza viruses with different backbones generated by reverse genetics in embryonated chicken eggs. Arch Virol 2025 Jul 12;170(8):181.
- Sekine W, Kamiki H, Ishida H, Matsugo H, Ohira K, Li K, Katayama M, Takenaka-Uema A, Murakami S, Horimoto T. Adaptation potential of H3N8 canine influenza virus in human respiratory cells. Sci Rep 2024 Aug 13;14(1):18750.
- Wasik BR, Rothschild E, Voorhees IEH, Reedy SE, Murcia PR, Pusterla N, Chambers TM, Goodman LB, Holmes EC, Kile JC, Parrish CR. Understanding the divergent evolution and epidemiology of H3N8 influenza viruses in dogs and horses. Virus Evol 2023;9(2):vead052.
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