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MicrobiologyOpen2020; 9(6); 1085-1101; doi: 10.1002/mbo3.1020

Characterization and comparison of the bacterial microbiota in different gastrointestinal tract compartments of Mongolian horses.

Abstract: The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the health and metabolism of the host. Next-generation sequencing technology has enabled the characterization of the gut microbiota of several animal species. We analyzed the intestinal microbiota in six different parts of the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of five Mongolian horses by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 hypervariable region. All horses were kept in the natural habitat of the Inner Mongolia grassland. Significant differences were observed among the microbiota compositions of the distinct GIT regions. In addition, while the microbial community structures of the small and large intestine were significantly different, those of the cecum and colon were similar. In the foregut, Firmicutes (65%) and Proteobacteria (23%) were the most abundant, while Firmicutes (45%) and Bacteroidetes (42%) were the most common in the hindgut. At the level of family, Ruminococcaceae (p = .203), Lachnospiraceae (p = .157), Rikenellaceae (p = .122), and Prevotellaceae (p = .068) were predominant in the hindgut, while the relative abundance of the Akkermansia genus (5.7%, p = .039) was higher in the ventral colon. In terms of the putative functions, the ratio of microbial abundance in the different parts of the GIT was similar, the result can help characterize the gut microbial structure of different animals.
© 2020 The Authors. MicrobiologyOpen published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2020-03-09 PubMed ID: 32153142PubMed Central: PMC7294312DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1020Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper discusses a study investigating the different types of bacteria found in six different parts of the digestive tract of five Mongolian horses. It showed that these parts had significantly different bacterial compositions, and it identified which bacterial families were dominant in each part.

Study Method and Objective

  • The researchers aimed to analyze the type and distribution of bacteria in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of Mongolian horses. This species was chosen due to its living in the natural environment of the Inner Mongolia grassland.
  • They employed next-generation sequencing technology, specifically focusing on the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. This gene is commonly used in microbiota studies as it can provide accurate bacterial identification.

Results on Microbial Differences in the GIT

  • The study found significant differences in the bacterial composition across the different GIT compartments. This means that each part of the horse’s GIT was host to distinct types of bacteria.
  • Specifically, the structure of bacterial communities in the small and large intestines were significantly different from each other. However, the microbial community structures within the cecum and colon showed similarities.

Commonly Found Bacteria

  • In the foregut (the upper part of the GIT), Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the most abundant bacteria.
  • In the hindgut (or lower part of the GIT), Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were found to be the most common.
  • At the family level, several families were predominant in the hindgut including the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Rikenellaceae, and Prevotellaceae.
  • Interestingly, the Akkermansia genus had a higher relative abundance in the ventral colon; this means that this type of bacteria was more common in that specific section of the horse’s GIT.

Implication of Findings

  • The researchers found that despite differences in the specific bacterial composition, the overall ratio of microbial abundance in the GIT sections was similar. This might suggest common mechanisms of bacterial colonization across the GITs of different animals.
  • This research provides a better understanding of the microbiota in a horse’s GIT and how it affects their health and metabolism. It may also guide further studies on improving the gut health in horses and possibly other animals.

Cite This Article

APA
Su S, Zhao Y, Liu Z, Liu G, Du M, Wu J, Bai D, Li B, Bou G, Zhang X, Dugarjaviin M. (2020). Characterization and comparison of the bacterial microbiota in different gastrointestinal tract compartments of Mongolian horses. Microbiologyopen, 9(6), 1085-1101. https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1020

Publication

MicrobiologyOpen
ISSN: 2045-8827
NlmUniqueID: 101588314
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 6
Pages: 1085-1101

Researcher Affiliations

Su, Shaofeng
  • College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
  • Biotechnology Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China.
Zhao, Yiping
  • College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Liu, Zongzheng
  • Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, China.
Liu, Guiqin
  • College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
  • Agricultural College, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
Du, Ming
  • College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Wu, Jing
  • College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Bai, Dongyi
  • College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Li, Bei
  • College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Bou, Gerelchimeg
  • College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Zhang, Xinzhuang
  • College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Dugarjaviin, Manglai
  • College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.

MeSH Terms

  • Akkermansia / classification
  • Akkermansia / genetics
  • Akkermansia / isolation & purification
  • Animals
  • Bacteroidetes / classification
  • Bacteroidetes / genetics
  • Bacteroidetes / isolation & purification
  • Cecum / microbiology
  • China
  • Clostridiales / classification
  • Clostridiales / genetics
  • Clostridiales / isolation & purification
  • Colon / microbiology
  • DNA, Bacterial / genetics
  • Female
  • Firmicutes / classification
  • Firmicutes / genetics
  • Firmicutes / isolation & purification
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome / genetics
  • Gastrointestinal Tract / microbiology
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Horses
  • Intestine, Large / microbiology
  • Intestine, Small / microbiology
  • Male
  • Proteobacteria / classification
  • Proteobacteria / genetics
  • Proteobacteria / isolation & purification
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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