Characterization of the serological cross-reactivity between glycoproteins of the human immunodeficiency virus and equine infectious anaemia virus.
Abstract: The reported serological relatedness between the major glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV gp120) and equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV gp90) was examined using purified antigens in radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP), radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immunoblot assays with reference serum from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, an anti-gp120 goat serum and EIAV-infected horse serum. To assess the contributions of glycoprotein oligosaccharide and peptide components to any observed reactivities, antigens treated with endoglycosidase F to remove carbohydrate were assayed in parallel with the intact glycoprotein. The results of the experiments indicated that the reactivity observed for each antigen was dependent on the immunoassay employed. The RIP and RIA analyses demonstrated that HIV gp120 is equally reactive with the AIDS patient serum, the goat anti-gp120 serum and the EIAV-infected horse serum, whereas the EIAV gp90 reacted only with the horse serum. In immunoblot assays, the HIV gp120 reacted with AIDS patient serum, but not with the EIAV-infected horse serum. Deglycosylation of the HIV gp120 evidently increased its reactivity with the AIDS patient serum, had no significant effect on its reactivity with the goat antiserum, and essentially abolished its reactivity with the EIAV reference serum. Thus, it appears that the serological cross-reactivity observed between HIV gp120 and sera from EIAV-infected horses can be attributed to the oligosaccharide rather than the peptide components of the viral glycoprotein. These studies also emphasize the necessity of employing several assay procedures in assessing lentivirus antigenicity.
Publication Date: 1988-07-01 PubMed ID: 2839603DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-69-7-1711Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- P.H.S.
Summary
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The research examined the serological relatedness, or antigenic similarity, between the glycoproteins of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) using various immunochemical techniques.
Objective and Method of Study
- The main goal of this research was to study and understand the serological relatedness between the major glycoproteins of two types of viruses: HIV (specifically a protein called gp120) and EIAV (specifically a protein called gp90).
- The research involved using purified antigens of these two glycoproteins in various types of immunobiological tests including radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP), radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immunoblot assays.
- The research also used three reference serums: one from AIDS patients, an anti-gp120 goat serum, and an EIAV-infected horse serum.
- The antigens were also treated with endoglycosidase F to remove carbohydrates so the researchers could assess the contributions of glycoprotein oligosaccharide and peptide components to any observed reactivity.
Key Findings
- The experiment revealed that the reactivity or immunological reaction observed for each antigen was dependent on the immunoassay procedure used.
- Both RIP and RIA analyses demonstrated that HIV gp120 showed equivalent reactivity with AIDS patient serum, the goat anti-gp120 serum and the EIAV-infected horse serum. However, the EIAV gp90 reacted only with the horse serum.
- In the case of immunoblot assays, HIV gp120 reacted with AIDS patient serum, but not with the EIAV-infected horse serum.
- When the HIV gp120 antigen was treated to remove carbohydrates (deglycosylation), its reactivity with the AIDS patient serum increased, but its reactivity with EIAV reference serum was greatly reduced.
- The results suggest that the observed cross-reactivity between HIV gp120 and sera from EIAV-infected horses is attributable to the oligosaccharide components of the viral glycoprotein rather than the peptide components.
Conclusions and Implications
- The study concluded that the serological cross-reactivity between HIV gp120 and sera from EIAV-infected horses is due to the oligosaccharide components of the viral glycoprotein, not its peptide components.
- The research emphasizes the importance of using several assay procedures when assessing lentivirus antigenicity or the ability of a virus to trigger an immune response.
- Understanding this cross-reactivity could have notable implications for diagnostics and the development of vaccines.
Cite This Article
APA
Montelaro RC, Robey WG, West MD, Issel CJ, Fischinger PJ.
(1988).
Characterization of the serological cross-reactivity between glycoproteins of the human immunodeficiency virus and equine infectious anaemia virus.
J Gen Virol, 69 ( Pt 7), 1711-1717.
https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-69-7-1711 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Biochemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge.
MeSH Terms
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / immunology
- Animals
- Cross Reactions
- Equine Infectious Anemia / immunology
- Glycoproteins / immunology
- HIV / classification
- HIV / immunology
- HIV Envelope Protein gp120
- Horses / immunology
- Humans
- Immune Sera
- Immunoelectrophoresis
- Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / classification
- Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / immunology
- Precipitin Tests
- Radioimmunoassay
- Retroviridae Proteins / immunology
- Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology
Grant Funding
- AI-25850 / NIAID NIH HHS
- CA-38851 / NCI NIH HHS
Citations
This article has been cited 13 times.- Kong L, Sheppard NC, Stewart-Jones GBE, Robson CL, Chen H, Xu X, Krashias G, Bonomelli C, Scanlan CN, Kwong PD, Jeffs SA, Jones IM, Sattentau QJ. Expression-system-dependent modulation of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein antigenicity and immunogenicity.. J Mol Biol 2010 Oct 15;403(1):131-147.
- Jin S, Issel CJ, Montelaro RC. Serological method using recombinant S2 protein to differentiate equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV)-infected and EIAV-vaccinated horses.. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2004 Nov;11(6):1120-9.
- Baccam P, Thompson RJ, Li Y, Sparks WO, Belshan M, Dorman KS, Wannemuehler Y, Oaks JL, Cornette JL, Carpenter S. Subpopulations of equine infectious anemia virus Rev coexist in vivo and differ in phenotype.. J Virol 2003 Nov;77(22):12122-31.
- Lonning SM, Zhang W, McGuire TC. Gag protein epitopes recognized by CD4(+) T-helper lymphocytes from equine infectious anemia virus-infected carrier horses.. J Virol 1999 May;73(5):4257-65.
- Lonning SM, Zhang W, Leib SR, McGuire TC. Detection and induction of equine infectious anemia virus-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses by use of recombinant retroviral vectors.. J Virol 1999 Apr;73(4):2762-9.
- Langemeier JL, Cook SJ, Cook RF, Rushlow KE, Montelaro RC, Issel CJ. Detection of equine infectious anemia viral RNA in plasma samples from recently infected and long-term inapparent carrier animals by PCR.. J Clin Microbiol 1996 Jun;34(6):1481-7.
- Sellon DC, Fuller FJ, McGuire TC. The immunopathogenesis of equine infectious anemia virus.. Virus Res 1994 May;32(2):111-38.
- Carpenter S, Chesebro B. Change in host cell tropism associated with in vitro replication of equine infectious anemia virus.. J Virol 1989 Jun;63(6):2492-6.
- O'Rourke KI, Besola ML, McGuire TC. Proviral sequences detected by polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood cells of horses with equine infectious anemia lentivirus.. Arch Virol 1991;117(1-2):109-19.
- Carpenter S, Alexandersen S, Long MJ, Perryman S, Chesebro B. Identification of a hypervariable region in the long terminal repeat of equine infectious anemia virus.. J Virol 1991 Mar;65(3):1605-10.
- Hansen JE, Clausen H, Nielsen C, Teglbjaerg LS, Hansen LL, Nielsen CM, Dabelsteen E, Mathiesen L, Hakomori SI, Nielsen JO. Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in vitro by anticarbohydrate monoclonal antibodies: peripheral glycosylation of HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 may be a target for virus neutralization.. J Virol 1990 Jun;64(6):2833-40.
- Alexandersen S, Carpenter S. Characterization of variable regions in the envelope and S3 open reading frame of equine infectious anemia virus.. J Virol 1991 Aug;65(8):4255-62.
- Whetstone CA, Sayre KR, Dock NL, VanDerMaaten MJ, Miller JM, Lillehoj E, Alexander SS. Examination of whether persistently indeterminate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Western immunoblot reactions are due to serological reactivity with bovine immunodeficiency-like virus.. J Clin Microbiol 1992 Apr;30(4):764-70.
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