Comparative measurement of equine influenza virus antibodies in horse sera by single radial hemolysis, neutralization, and hemagglutination inhibition tests.
Abstract: Single radial hemolysis (SRH), neutralization (NT), and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests were carried out on sera from horses immunized against the Prague and Miami strains of equine influenza virus. The HI and NT tests demonstrated good sensitivity; the sensitivity of the SRH test was somewhat lower. The NT titers of individual sera were correlated very closely with the HI titers, although the NT titers were higher. SRH zone diameters of individual sera also showed significant correlation with the NT and NI titers. The SRH test appears to be suitable for large-scale serological surveys and offers the advantages of rapidity and simplicity.
Publication Date: 1982-04-01 PubMed ID: 7040463PubMed Central: PMC272163DOI: 10.1128/jcm.15.4.660-662.1982Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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This research evaluates and compares the effectiveness of three different tests—single radial hemolysis, neutralization, and hemagglutination inhibition—in detecting equine influenza virus antibodies in horse blood serum.
Introduction and Methodology
- Single radial hemolysis (SRH), neutralization (NT), and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) are three tests that were used in this study on the blood serum of horses that had been immunized against the Prague and Miami strains of equine influenza virus.
- The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare the sensitivity and effectiveness of these three tests in measuring the presence of equine influenza virus antibodies.
Findings and Analysis
- Both the HI and NT tests displayed a high sensitivity, with the NT test showing slightly higher results than the HI. This means these tests were able to accurately and frequently detect the presence of antibodies for the equine influenza virus in the horse serum.
- On the other hand, the SRH test exhibited lower sensitivity, indicating that it may not be as effective as the other methods in detecting the presence of equine influenza antibodies.
- In spite of this, individual sera correlated very closely with the NT titers, implying that the tests had a strong agreement in their results. This means that if the NT test showed a higher presence of antibodies, the SRH test would also demonstrate a higher presence of antibodies, and vice versa.
- The SRH zone diameters of individual sera also showed a significant correlation with their respective NT and HI titers, which further strengthens the relationship between these test results.
Conclusion and Implications
- Although the SRH test has lower sensitivity compared to the NT and HI tests, its benefits lie in its simplicity and speed. This makes it suitable for large-scale serum surveys, where a large number of samples need to be tested promptly.
- This comparison of antibody detection methods offers beneficial insights for equine health research and can aid in the improvement of diagnostic techniques and strategies for equine influenza.
Cite This Article
APA
Yamagishi H, Nagamine T, Shimoda K, Ide S, Igarashi Y, Yoshioka I, Matumoto M.
(1982).
Comparative measurement of equine influenza virus antibodies in horse sera by single radial hemolysis, neutralization, and hemagglutination inhibition tests.
J Clin Microbiol, 15(4), 660-662.
https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.15.4.660-662.1982 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / analysis
- Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
- Hemolytic Plaque Technique
- Horses / immunology
- Influenza A virus / immunology
- Neutralization Tests
References
This article includes 9 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 10 times.- Heeringa M, Leav B, Smolenov I, Palladino G, Isakov L, Matassa V. Comparability of Titers of Antibodies against Seasonal Influenza Virus Strains as Determined by Hemagglutination Inhibition and Microneutralization Assays.. J Clin Microbiol 2020 Aug 24;58(9).
- Trombetta CM, Remarque EJ, Mortier D, Montomoli E. Comparison of hemagglutination inhibition, single radial hemolysis, virus neutralization assays, and ELISA to detect antibody levels against seasonal influenza viruses.. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2018 Nov;12(6):675-686.
- Gildea S, Garvey M, Lyons P, Lyons R, Gahan J, Walsh C, Cullinane A. Multifocal Equine Influenza Outbreak with Vaccination Breakdown in Thoroughbred Racehorses.. Pathogens 2018 Apr 17;7(2).
- Wang B, Russell ML, Brewer A, Newton J, Singh P, Ward BJ, Loeb M. Single radial haemolysis compared to haemagglutinin inhibition and microneutralization as a correlate of protection against influenza A H3N2 in children and adolescents.. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2017 May;11(3):283-288.
- Pecoraro HL, Lee JS, Achenbach J, Nelson S Jr, Landolt GA. Seroprevalence of canine influenza virus (H3N8) in Iditarod racing sled dogs.. Can Vet J 2012 Oct;53(10):1091-4.
- Scott S, Molesti E, Temperton N, Ferrara F, Böttcher-Friebertshäuser E, Daly J. The use of equine influenza pseudotypes for serological screening.. J Mol Genet Med 2012;6:304-8.
- Yoden S, Kida H, Yanagawa R. An avian influenza virus of which infectivity is neutralized by antisera lacking hemagglutination-inhibition activity. Brief report.. Arch Virol 1982;74(2-3):205-10.
- Al-Khayatt R, Jennings R, Potter CW. Interpretation of responses and protective levels of antibody against attenuated influenza A viruses using single radial haemolysis.. J Hyg (Lond) 1984 Oct;93(2):301-12.
- Wood JM, Mumford J, Folkers C, Scott AM, Schild GC. Studies with inactivated equine influenza vaccine. 1. Serological responses of ponies to graded doses of vaccine.. J Hyg (Lond) 1983 Jun;90(3):371-84.
- Mumford J, Wood JM, Scott AM, Folkers C, Schild GC. Studies with inactivated equine influenza vaccine. 2. Protection against experimental infection with influenza virus A/equine/Newmarket/79 (H3N8).. J Hyg (Lond) 1983 Jun;90(3):385-95.
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