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Comparison of the efficacy of local treatment of equine sarcoids with IL-2 or cisplatin/IL-2.
Abstract: Local interleukin-2 (IL-2) is effective in a number of experimental animal models and in veterinary and human cancer patients without discomforting side effects. The primary goal of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects and side effects of the local intratumoral administration of five or ten low doses of IL-2 with those of a combination of cisplatin and a single high dose of IL-2 in the treatment of equine sarcoids. The therapeutic effect (complete and partial regression) of local cisplatin together with a single high dose of IL-2 was significantly better than the combined effect of low doses of local IL-2 administered daily over 5 or 10 days (80% and 43%, respectively; P=0.02). Cisplatin/IL-2 and low doses of IL-2 induced 53% and 14% complete regressions, respectively ( P=0.02). Histological changes after cisplatin/IL-2 treatment were far more pronounced than after IL-2 only treatment and in several cases showed an enormous eosinophilic infiltrate.
Publication Date: 2003-02-04 PubMed ID: 12649747DOI: 10.1007/s00262-002-0369-0Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research investigates the comparative efficacy of local treatments for equine sarcoids using interleukin-2 (IL-2) either alone or in combination with cisplatin. The study demonstrates that a cisplatin and high dose IL-2 combo was more effective in treating equine sarcoids compared to low doses of IL-2 alone.
Methods and Objectives
The researchers were predominantly interested in the:
- Therapeutic effects of local intratumoral administration of IL-2 in five or ten low dose treatments.
- Side effects associated with this method of administration.
- Comparison of the above with the effects of a combined cisplatin and single high dose of IL-2.
The goal was to establish the more effective treatment protocol for equine sarcoids, as well as to identify any significant histological changes following treatment.
Findings
The research yielded the following insights:
- The combined treatment of cisplatin and a single high dose of IL-2 had a significantly better therapeutic effect than the low doses of IL-2 given over 5 or 10 days.
- There were more complete and partial regression of the sarcoids with the cisplatin/IL-2 combination treatment, with 80% effectiveness compared to 43% with low doses of IL-2 (P=0.02).
- The cisplatin/IL-2 combination induced more complete regressions (53%) than the low doses of IL-2 alone (14%, P=0.02).
Impact on Histological Changes
- There were significantly more pronounced histological changes recorded after treatment with cisplatin/IL-2 than with IL-2 alone.
- In several cases, there was a marked eosinophilic infiltrate following cisplatin/IL-2 treatment.
The study, therefore, provided crucial insights into the comparative efficacy of these two treatment methodologies for equine sarcoids, demonstrating that a combination of cisplatin and a high dose of IL-2 was more effective.
Cite This Article
APA
Spoormakers TJ, Klein WR, Jacobs JJ, Van Den Ingh TS, Koten JW, Den Otter W.
(2003).
Comparison of the efficacy of local treatment of equine sarcoids with IL-2 or cisplatin/IL-2.
Cancer Immunol Immunother, 52(3), 179-184.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-002-0369-0 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
- Cisplatin / pharmacology
- Eosinophils / metabolism
- Equidae
- Female
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Horses
- Interleukin-2 / pharmacology
- Male
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / veterinary
- Neoplasms / therapy
- Neoplasms / veterinary
- Skin Neoplasms / pathology
- Skin Neoplasms / therapy
- Skin Neoplasms / veterinary
- Time Factors
Citations
This article has been cited 9 times.- Jindra C, Hainisch EK, Brandt S. Immunotherapy of Equine Sarcoids-From Early Approaches to Innovative Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023 Mar 30;11(4).
- Saba C, Eggleston R, Parks A, Peroni J, Sjoberg E, Rice S, Tyma J, Williams J, Grosenbaugh D, Leard AT. ALVAC-fIL2, a feline interleukin-2 immunomodulator, as a treatment for sarcoids in horses: A pilot study. J Vet Intern Med 2022 May;36(3):1179-1184.
- Merlano MC, Abbona A, Paccagnella M, Falletta A, Granetto C, Ricci V, Fea E, Denaro N, Ruatta F, Merlotti A, Bertetto O, Crosetto N, Galizia D, Basiricò M, Gammaitoni L, Sangiolo D, Aglietta M, Garrone O. Cytokine Profiling of End Stage Cancer Patients Treated with Immunotherapy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021 Mar 8;9(3).
- Haagsman AN, Witkamp AC, Sjollema BE, Kik MJ, Kirpensteijn J. The effect of interleukin-2 on canine peripheral nerve sheath tumours after marginal surgical excision: a double-blind randomized study. BMC Vet Res 2013 Aug 8;9:155.
- Den Otter W, Jacobs JJ, Battermann JJ, Hordijk GJ, Krastev Z, Moiseeva EV, Stewart RJ, Ziekman PG, Koten JW. Local therapy of cancer with free IL-2. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2008 Jul;57(7):931-50.
- Krastev Z, Koltchakov V, Tomova R, Deredjian S, Alexiev A, Popov D, Tomov B, Koten JW, Jacobs J, Den Otter W. Locoregional IL-2 low dose applications for gastrointestinal tumors. World J Gastroenterol 2005 Sep 21;11(35):5525-9.
- Monteiro MM, de Castro ELA, Pereira AJM, Thiesen R, Thiesen RMC, Salvarani FM. BCG Immunotherapy in Equine Sarcoid Treatment: Mechanisms, Clinical Efficacy, and Challenges in Veterinary Oncology. Viruses 2025 Sep 29;17(10).
- Smith CH, Stewart HL, Stefanovski D, Levine DG. Outcomes following autologous tumor tissue implantation with or without concurrent antineoplastic therapies in the treatment of sarcoids in 50 equids. Front Vet Sci 2025;12:1559519.
- Jacobs JJ, Sparendam D, Den Otter W. Local interleukin 2 therapy is most effective against cancer when injected intratumourally. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2005 Jul;54(7):647-54.
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