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Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)2014; 202(3); 536-542; doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.08.029

Constitutive apoptosis in equine peripheral blood neutrophils in vitro.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to characterise constitutive apoptosis in equine peripheral blood neutrophils, including assessment of factors that potentially modulate neutrophil survival through alteration of the rate of constitutive apoptosis. Cells underwent spontaneous time-dependent constitutive apoptosis when aged in culture for up to 36 h, developing the structural and functional features of apoptosis observed in many cell types, including human neutrophils. Neutrophils undergoing apoptosis also had diminished zymosan activated serum (ZAS)-stimulated chemiluminescence, but maintained responsiveness to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). The constitutive rate of equine neutrophil apoptosis was promoted by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumour necrosis factor α and phagocytosis of opsonised ovine erythrocytes, while it was inhibited by dexamethasone and ZAS (a source of C5a). Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe, leukotriene B4, platelet activating factor and PMA had no demonstrable effect on equine neutrophil apoptosis. There was a difference between equine and human neutrophil apoptosis in response to LPS and the time-dependence of the response to dexamethasone.
Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2014-08-29 PubMed ID: 25239298PubMed Central: PMC4274315DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.08.029Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The researchers conducted this study to gain a deeper understanding of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in equine (horse) peripheral blood neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) and how various factors might change the rate of this process. They discovered that these neutrophils undergo spontaneous apoptosis when left in culture for up to 36 hours, which showed similar characteristics to apoptosis observed in various other cells, including human neutrophils. They also found that certain agents had an impact on equine neutrophil apoptosis rates.

Detailed Assessment of Constitutive Apoptosis

  • Neutrophils, a type of essential white blood cell in horses, were identified to undergo time-dependent constitutive apoptosis, a natural cell death process vital for the body to replace old cells with new ones, when cultured for up to 36 hours.
  • This spontaneous cell death was found similar to apoptosis in other cells, including human neutrophils, indicating that the apoptosis processes in these horse white blood cells have common features and mechanisms with other cell types.

The Role of ZAS and PMA

  • The researchers noted that neutrophils under apoptosis showed diminished responses to ZAS-stimulated chemiluminescence, a measure of the neutrophils’ activity, suggesting that apoptotic cells are less energetically active.
  • However, these cells maintained their responsiveness to PMA, a potent activator of cells, indicating that even in an apoptotic state, these neutrophils could still be activated.

Impact of Other Agents on Equine Neutrophil Apoptosis

  • LPS, tumor necrosis factor α, and phagocytosis of opsonised ovine erythrocytes were all found to promote equine neutrophil apoptosis, showing that these elements can stimulate the cell death process.
  • Contrarily, the introduction of dexamethasone and ZAS showed an inhibitive effect on apoptosis, showing that these agents could potentially slow down the natural cell death processes.
  • Interestingly, several agents such as formyl-Met-Leu-Phe, leukotriene B4, platelet activating factor, and PMA, which commonly affect other cells, found no significant effect on equine neutrophil apoptosis.
  • These findings signify areas of differentiation between human and horse neutrophils, in terms of their response to LPS and the time-dependent response to dexamethasone.

In summary, this study deepens our understanding of immune cell function in horses and the mechanisms that underlie white blood cell lifespan, which have implications for equine health and disease.

Cite This Article

APA
Brazil TJ, Dixon PM, Haslett C, Murray J, McGorum BC. (2014). Constitutive apoptosis in equine peripheral blood neutrophils in vitro. Vet J, 202(3), 536-542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.08.029

Publication

Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)
ISSN: 1532-2971
NlmUniqueID: 9706281
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 202
Issue: 3
Pages: 536-542
PII: S1090-0233(14)00366-9

Researcher Affiliations

Brazil, Timothy J
  • Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
Dixon, Padraic M
  • Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
Haslett, Christopher
  • Queen's Medical Research Institute (QMRI), Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
Murray, Joanna
  • Rayne Laboratory, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK.
McGorum, Bruce C
  • Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK. Electronic address: bruce.mcgorum@ed.ac.uk.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Horses
  • Neutrophils / physiology

Grant Funding

  • G0901697 / Medical Research Council
  • MR/J014702/1 / Medical Research Council
  • Wellcome Trust

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
  1. Degroote RL, Weigand M, Hauck SM, Deeg CA. IL8 and PMA Trigger the Regulation of Different Biological Processes in Granulocyte Activation. Front Immunol 2019;10:3064.
    doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03064pubmed: 32010136google scholar: lookup
  2. Otrocka-Domagała I, Paździor-Czapula K, Gesek M. Dexamethasone-induced impairment of post-injury skeletal muscle regeneration. BMC Vet Res 2019 Feb 11;15(1):56.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-1804-1pubmed: 30744624google scholar: lookup
  3. Herteman N, Vargas A, Lavoie JP. Characterization of Circulating Low-Density Neutrophils Intrinsic Properties in Healthy and Asthmatic Horses. Sci Rep 2017 Aug 10;7(1):7743.
    doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08089-5pubmed: 28798364google scholar: lookup
  4. Degroote RL, Schmalen A, Hauck SM, Deeg CA. Unveiling Differential Responses of Granulocytes to Distinct Immunostimulants with Implications in Autoimmune Uveitis. Biomedicines 2023 Dec 20;12(1).
    doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12010019pubmed: 38275380google scholar: lookup
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