Correspondence of human chromosomes 9, 12, 15, 16, 19 and 20 with donkey chromosomes refines homology between horse and donkey karyotypes.
Abstract: Whole chromosome paints for human (HSA) chromosomes 9, 12, 15 and 20 and arm-specific paints for HSA16p, 19p and 19q were applied on donkey metaphase spreads. All probes, except HSA19p, gave distinct hybridization signals on donkey chromosomes/chromosomal segments. The results show direct segmental homology between human and donkey genomes, and enable refinement of correspondence between donkey and horse karyotypes. Of specific interest is the identification of hitherto unknown correspondence between four equine acrocentric chromosomes (ECA22, 23, 25 and 28) and the donkey chromosomes. Overall, the findings mark the beginning of an ordered study of comparative organization of genomes/karyotypes of the equids, that can shed light on karyotype evolution and ancestral chromosomal condition in the Perissodactyls.
Publication Date: 2002-01-10 PubMed ID: 11778685DOI: 10.1023/a:1012948122600Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research examines genetic similarities between humans, donkeys, and horses, particularly if particular human chromosomes align with those in donkeys, subsequently refining the correlation between donkey and horse genomes.
Methodology and Results
- In the study, chromosome paints, essentially gene probes, were used to identify and track chromosomes. The chromosomes were painted for human chromosomes number 9, 12, 15, and 20. Along with these, arm-specific paints were employed for the shorter arm (p) of HSA16 and both the shorter (p) and longer arm (q) for HSA19.
- These chromosome paints were then used on donkey metaphase spreads. A metaphase spread is a technique used by researchers to visualize chromosomes under a microscope.
- With the exception of HSA19p (the shorter arm of the 19th human chromosome), all the probes produced unique hybridization (genetic overlap) signals on the donkey chromosomes or chromosomal segments.
Significance of the Findings
- The results of the study uncover direct segmental homology, which is genetic similarity between species, between the human and donkey genomes.
- This discovery enables a refinement of the correspondence between the genetic structures of donkeys and horses.
- The research provides new knowledge of similarities between four equine (horse) acrocentric chromosomes (ECA22, 23, 25 and 28) and specific donkey chromosomes. Acrocentric chromosomes are chromosomes where the centromere, the part of the chromosome linking sister chromatids, is significantly closer to one end of the chromosome.
- Overall, these findings potentially initiate a more organized study of the comparative arrangement of genome structures or karyotypes among the members of the equid family (which includes horses, donkeys, zebras etc.)
- Such comparative genetic studies can give invaluable insights into karyotype evolution and offer clues about the ancestral chromosomal conditions in the Perissodactyls, an order of mammals that includes the equid family among others.
Cite This Article
APA
Raudsepp T, Chowdhary BP.
(2002).
Correspondence of human chromosomes 9, 12, 15, 16, 19 and 20 with donkey chromosomes refines homology between horse and donkey karyotypes.
Chromosome Res, 9(8), 623-629.
https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1012948122600 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A and M University, College Station 77843, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Chromosome Painting
- Chromosomes
- Chromosomes, Human
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- Equidae / genetics
- Genome, Human
- Horses / genetics
- Humans
- Karyotyping
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization
- Physical Chromosome Mapping
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Species Specificity
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Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Brinkmeyer-Langford C, Raudsepp T, Lee EJ, Goh G, Schäffer AA, Agarwala R, Wagner ML, Tozaki T, Skow LC, Womack JE, Mickelson JR, Chowdhary BP. A high-resolution physical map of equine homologs of HSA19 shows divergent evolution compared with other mammals. Mamm Genome 2005 Aug;16(8):631-49.
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